MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS

EEE F431/EA C452

Lecture 2
Sarang C. Dhongdi EEE & I BITS, Pilani-K.K. Birla Goa Campus

Generations of mobile system

First Generation (1G)

Analog

cellular system (Frequency modulation) Ex (US) AMPS (Advanced mobile telephone system) (Europe) TACS (Total access comm sys)

Generations of mobile system

Second Generation (2G) Uses digital multiple access technology (TDMA or CDMA) Ex GSM (Global system for mobile comm) CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) D-AMPS (Digital AMPS) CT2 (Cordless telephone) PACS (Personal access comm sys) DECT4 (Digital european cordless telephone)
Will be introduced in detail in later classes

Generations of mobile system

2.5 G mobile systems More data centric Information (Voice or data) can be broken into packets and routed by network Offers wireless multimedia IP based services and apps Ex GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) EDGE ( Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution)

Generations of mobile system

Third Generation (3G services)

Fully multimedia oriented Seamless services across wired and wireless network Universal Mobility Uses advanced/Hybrid Multiple access techniques Ex UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecomm System) MBS (Mobile Broadband System) CDMA 2000

3G Standard efforts

The Need

The world is undergoing a major telecommunication revolution that will provide the ubiquitous communication access to citizens, wherever they are. The wireless telecommunication industry requires engineers who can design and develop new wireless system, make meaningful comparison of existing systems, and understand the engineering trade-offs

Frequency and its use

Standards

The standards assures the interoperability of products and services, manufactures of the equipments and the service providers. The standards assure the quality of the products. It helps the user to have stability and confidence in a particular technology or application.

There is a high possibility of reduced cost due to the mass manufacturing (improved availability) with the help of regulations.

Telecom standard organizations

ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

ANSI-T1 (To formulate new interconnection standards) Mainly the coding standards and signaling schemes

EIA (Electronic Industries Association) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) Bellcore (Bell communications research) TIA (Telecommunication Industry Association)

International marketing , legislative efforts and standards development. To control use of radio spectrum

FCC(Federal Communications Commission)

International Telecom standards committees

ITU International Telecommunication Union

ITU-T (formerly CCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee

Establishes recommendations for telephone, telegraph and data communications

ITU-R (Formerly Consultative Committee International Radio)

Coordinating the use of radio spectrum

ISO (International Standards Organization)

ISDN protocols which adheres mostly to OSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)

International Telecommunications Union (ITU)

The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) is a specialized United Nations agency, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, that coordinate telecommunications matters among member countries. Use of the radio spectrum is largely coordinated through the Radio communications Sector (ITU-R), which develops technical coordination criteria and standards for such use, and through various periodic conferences attended by member nations of the ITU.

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)

The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is a non-profit organization whose mission is to determine and produce the telecommunications standards.

It is an open forum that unites 490 members from 34 countries, representing administrations, network operators, manufacturers, service providers, and users.
Any European organization proving an interest in promoting European telecommunications standards has the right to represent that interest in ETSI and thus to directly influence the standards-making process.

Government and Regulatory Organizations

Government and regulatory organizations play a major role in the allocation and management of the frequency spectrum in their respective countries. In addition to this they play significant roles in some or all of the following areas: Promoting the industry self-regulation, and managing access to and use of the radio frequency spectrum Licensing telecommunications carriers Promoting legislation relating to powers and immunities of carriers in the construction of telecommunications facilities, and the protection of consumers through safeguards and service guarantees Developing regulations and monitoring to ensure the regulations are followed In the United States, these government and regulatory organizations are the Department of Commerce and the FCC.

Wireless Technology Forums

Wireless forums are typically a consortium of companies who band together to promote the development and acceptance of a specific technology. The companies typically will have some vested interest in the technology either as service providers, test equipment manufactures, or wireless products manufacturers. These organizations conduct seminars and work with standards committees throughout the world. Some of these organizations are non-profit. CDMA CDG-CDMA Development Group GSM GSM MoU Association TDMA IS-136 Universal Wireless Communications Consortium

Standards Development (TIA)

Technical contribution TIA subcommitte ANSI

Approved As Standard Published as interim standard TSS C

Standards Development (ANSI)

TIA

ANSI

Industry VOTE

Industry standard TIA/EIA ### TSB ###

BSR for approval

Second Generation cellular networks

3 TDMA standards and One CDMA standard GSM

supports 8 time slotted users for each 200 Khz radio channel Deployed in Europe, Asia, Australia, south America and some parts of US 3 time slotted users for 30Khz each Popular in North America, South America and Australia Japanese TDMA standard 64 Users orthogonally coded and simultaneously transmitted on each 1.25Mhz channel. Widely deployed in North America, Korea, Japan, China, south America, and Australia

NADC

PDC

cdmaOne