Stairway or Ladder

There must be a stairway or ladder at points of access where the elevation break is 48 cm (19 in) or more.

Break in elevation
48 cm

Stair Capacity and Top Rail Strength

Stair should carry 490 kg/sq. m load with FS = 4.
Rails must be able to withstand a force of 100 kg from any directions.

Stairrails
Stairways with more risers or more than 76 cm (30 inches) high must have a rail along each unprotected side.

Service Stairs for Construction

Can be pitched up to 60 degrees with tread not less than 15 cm. Must have uniform riser height and tread

Stairway Landings
Stairways landings must be provided at every 3.6 m height. Landing Do not store materials on stairways used for general access.

Dangerous Conditions
Fix slippery conditions before using. Stairway parts must be free of protruding nails, or any projections which may cause injuries or snag clothing.

General Ladder Requirements

Keep in good condition. Ensure rungs are uniformly fixed Inspect ladders before use Secure ladders to prevent from slipping Ensure it is on stable and level ground Keep ladders free from slipping hazards Use ladders only for their designed purpose

Ladder Angle
Non-self-supporting ladders: (lean against a support)

Position at an angle where the horizontal distance is 1/4 the vertical height

Ladder Rail Extension

Side rails must extend at least 90 cm (3 feet) above the upper landing.

Damaged or Defective Ladders

A competent person must inspect ladders for any defect, like broken or missing rungs When defective ladder is found, mark it defective or tag it "Do Not Use
Missing rung

Climbing the Ladder

Face the ladder when going up or down
Maintain three points of contact when climbing a ladder