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Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Know the functions and features of BTS Master the BTS hardware structure Master the signal processing of BTS
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References
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Contents
Overview System Components Signal Processing Antenna and Feeder System
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Location
Um Interface MS BTS BSC A Interface MS MSC/VLR TUP,ISUP PSTN ISDN PSPDN
M
MAP BTS
AP
HLR/AUC/EIR SMC/VM
MS: Mobile Station HLR: Home Location Register MSC: Mobile Switching Center VM: Voice Mailbox
BTS: Base Transceiver Station AUC: Authentication Center VLR: Visitor Location Register
BSC: Base Station Controller EIR: Equipment Identity Register SMC: Short Message Center
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High integration and low power consumption 15 radio carriers at the Abis sharing an E1 for transmission (15:1)
topologies,
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Support GSM900,DCS1800,EGSM and RGSM Support GSM PHASE 1PHASE 2 and PHASE 2+ Support GPRS and EDGE Support baseband hopping and RF hopping
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Hardware Structure
DATA_BUS/CONTROL_BUS/TIMING_BUS
External control
E1
External alarm
TRX
CDU
antenna
TMU TRX
CDU
antenna
antenna
T R X
T R X
T R X
T R X
D U
C D U
T R X
T R X
T R X
T R X
D U
P S U
P S U
P S U
P S U
P S
P M
TT T T T MM E E E UU S U U
U U
AIR BOX
Contents
Overview System Components Signal Processing Antenna and Feeder System
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Contents
2 System Componnents
2.1 Common Unit 2.2 Signal Processing Unit
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TMU
Functions of TMU
Provide E1 connection interface Provide channel multiplexing and flexible networking modes Provide Man-machine interface (MMI) and operation & maintenance link
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Structure of TMU
External synchronous clock
BSC
BIU
DBUS
Extended BIU
CBUS
OMU
Standby TMU
Environment monitors
EAC
MCK
Standby MCK
TDU
TBUS
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Indictors on TMU
Indicator Name PWR RUN
PWR
RST DBG
LI1,2,3,4
Green
Off
T2M FCK
M/S
Green
Master/Slave indication
T13M MMI
PLL
Green
Slow flash
TMU
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TDU
Functions of TDU
Provide clock channels in one synchronous cell Provide alarming channels Provide bus-control interfaces
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Position of TDU
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Cabinet-top Connectors
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Power Supply
220VAC
-48VDC
+24VDC
When the supply input is +24VDC,neither DC/DC nor AC/DC module is used.
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+ -
+24VDC IN
+ -
EMI filter
26VDC OUT
DC contacter
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PSU Configuration
mode 24VDC -48VDC Capacity (TRX) 1 ~ 12 1~3 4~6 Boards (PSU) 0 2 3 Boards (PMU) 1 1 1 notes
7~9
10 ~ 12 220VAC 1~3
4
5 3
1
1 1 One PSU for backup
4~6
7~9 10 ~ 12
4
5 6
1
1 1
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PMU
PMU structure
AC power supply
AC/DC
AC/DC
AC/DC
AC/DC
Load Fan
Fuse
Battery
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FMU
Functions of FMU
Fan feeding Fan revolution speed control Alarm detection +24V power supply input interface
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Contents
2 System Componnents
2.1 Common Unit 2.2 Signal Processing Unit
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TRX
Functions of TRX
Baseband speech processing Um and Abis interface signaling processing Modulation and demodulation RF signal amplification
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FH_BUS
PAU RCU
TBUS
RPU
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Normal: 40W(46dBm) or 60W(48dBm) PBU: 80W(49dBm) EDGE TRX: GMSK: 40W, 8PSK: 60W
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Alarms of TRX
When the standing wave ratio at the power amplifier output port exceeds 1.5, it reports standing wave alarm to the baseband unit
Over-temperature alarm
When the temperature of the power amplifier exceeds 85, the power amplifier unit reports the over-temperature alarm via the baseband unit, and automatically turns off the power amplifier
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Indicators on TRX
TX OUT
Color
Meaning
Normal State
PWR
Green
Power
On
RCP
Green
RST
Flash
RDP
Green
Flash(0.5Hz): Normal
On or Off: Abnormal On: Alarm Off: No alarm
MMI
Flash
RXA IN
RXB IN
FAIL
Red
Off
TRX
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CDU
Functions of CDU
Combine and filter transmitted signals Filter ,amplify and distribute received signals Provide power for the tower-top amplifier Alarm detection
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CDU Structure
TX1 TX2 TX-COMB TX-DUP RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 HL-out RX5 RX6 RX7 RX8 HL-in RXD-out Divider Combiner Duplexer TX/RX-ANT
Divider LNA
LNA
Filter
RXD-ANT
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Indicators on CDU
Indicator Name POWER
Color
Green
Meaning
Power Standing wave ratio alarm Standing wave ratio alarm TTA current indication LNA current indication
Explanation
On: Normal Off: Abnormal On: VSWR is greater than 1.5 and less than 2.5 Off: Normal On: VSWR is greater than 2.5 Off: Normal On: TTA current out of range Off: Normal On: LNA current out of range Off: Normal
Normal State On
VSWR1
Yellow
Off
VSWR2
Red
Off
TTA
Red
Off
LNA
Red
Off
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Setting 0 1 2 3
Unit
mA mA mA
Alarm Detection
VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) monitoring: CDU Monitors the status of antenna system. When the detected standing wave
ratio exceeds the preset threshold (1.5 or 2.5), CDU will generate
corresponding alarms
Low noise amplifier fault alarm: The signal is extracted from the power supply current of the low noise amplifier. When the current exceeds a certain level ,alarm signals are generated
Tower-top amplifier alarm: When there is a tower-top amplifier on service, the CDU monitors the status of tower-top amplifier by its
EDU
TX1
Duplexer
TX/RX-ANT1
RX1 RX2
Divider
LNA
TX2
Duplexer
TX/RX-ANT2
RX3 RX4
Divider
LNA
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SCU
Four carriers are combined and output through 3dB bridges and the
TX1
3dB Bridge TX2 3dB Bridge 3dB Bridge TX4
TX3
Tx_Comb
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Contents
Overview System Components Signal Processing Antenna and Feeder System
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Speech Processing
BSC-(TDU)-TMU-DBUS-TRX-CDU-ANT-MS
DBUS FH_BUS
BSC
BIU S C P OMU D S P
C U I
TDP
PAU RCU
C D U
CBUS
Clock process RPU
EAC
MCK
TDU
TBUS
TBPU
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OML Processing
BSC
RCU
RPU
EAC MCK TDU TBUS TBPU
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RSL Processing
BSC-(TDU)-TMU-DBUS-TRX
DBUS
FH_BUS
BSC
RCU
RPU
EAC MCK TDU TBUS TBPU
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Clock Processing
BSC
BIU S C P OMU CBUS Clock process RPU EAC MCK TDU TBUS TBPU D S P C U I TDP PAU
RCU
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TBUS Connection
C D U C D U C D U
C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X
P M
C D U C D U C D U
C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X
P T T M M M
C D U C D U C D U
C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X
P T M M
C D U C D U C D U
C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X
P M
PSU
PSU
PSU
PSU
U U U
U U
Basiccabinet
Extension cabinet
There are E1 cables between basic cabinet group and extension cabinet group
DCF1
CKB1 CKB2
DCF2
DCF1
CKB1 CKB2
DCF2
DCF1
CKB1 CKB2
DCF2
DCF1
CKB1 CKB2
DCF2
E1
External E1 Interface External E1 Interface
Extension Cabinet
Basic Cabinet
Basic Cabinet
Extension Cabinet
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Contents
Overview System Components Signal Processing Antenna and Feeder System
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T T T T R R R R X X X X
BTS312 cabinet
AIR BOX
C D U
C D U
T T T T R R R R X X X X
FAN BOX
C D U
C D U
T T T T R R R R X X X X
T T TT U S UU
P P P P P PP U U U U U UU
AIR BOX
S S S S S S M ME E E
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S1/1/1
TX
COMB
TX COMB
TX OUT
TX DUP
RX
1:4 RXA
HL OUT HL IN
RXB
(RXB)
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S2/2/2
TX
TX OUT
COMB
TX COMB
(TX/RXA)
RXA RXB
TX DUP
RX
1:4
HL OUT
TX OUT
HL IN
RXA
RXD OUT
RXB
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S4/4/4 2CDU
Tx/RxM_ANT1 RxD Tx/RxM_ANT2 RxD
CDU_1
Duplexer Duplexer
CDU_2
Combiner
Distributor
Distributor
Combiner
Distributor
Distributor
Tx
TRx0
RxM RxD
Tx
TRx2
Tx
TRx1
RxM RxD
Tx
TRx2
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S4/4/4 SCU+CDU
TX
SCU
COMB
TX COMB
TX OUT
RXA RXB
TX
CDU
COMB
TX/RX ANT
DUP (TX/RXB)
TX COMB
RX
1:4
HL OUT HL IN
RXD ANT
1:4
(RXA)
RXD OUT
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2CDU+SCU
Tx/RxM_ANT1 RxD Tx/RxM_ANT2 RxD
CDU_1
Duplexer Duplexer
CDU_2
SCU
Distributor
Combiner
Distributor
Distributor
Combiner
Distributor
Distributor
Distributor Distributor
Tx
TRx0
RxM RxD
TRx3
Tx
Tx
TRx1
RxM RxD
RxM RxD
TRx4
Tx
Tx
TRx2
TRx5
Tx
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Lightning Arrester
Feeder
Jumper
Lightning Arrester
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7/8 inch
Cable loss=0.043dB/m
5/4 inch
Cable loss=0.032dB/m
Cable loss=0.11dB/m Used between the antenna and the main feeder Between the antenna and the tower-top amplifier Between the cabinet and the lightning arrester
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TTA (Optional)
Consisting of:
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TTA (Optional)
simplex TTA
duplex TTA
triplex TTA
triplex TTA
TX filter BTS Bias Tee bypass antenna
RX filter
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Antenna Pattern
The antenna pattern describes the radiating abilities of antennas in all directions
360
Omni Antenna
120
90
65
Directional antenna
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Polarization
+45 degree and -45 degree Two ports for two feeders
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Summary
Functions and features of BTS BTS hardware structure Signal processing of BTS Antenna and feeder system
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Thank you
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