Contents

WHAT IS NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION? EVOLUTION OF NFC TECHNOLOGY OPERATION OF NFC MODES OF OPERATION

Uses
APPLICATION OF NFC ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTADES OF NFC FUTURE OF NFC

WHAT IS NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION?

Near field communication, abbreviated NFC, is a form of contactless communication between devices like smartphones or tablets. NFC or Near Field Communication is a short range high frequency wireless communication technology. A radio communication is established by touching the two phones or keeping them in a proximity of a few centimeters. NFC is mainly aimed for mobile or handheld devices.NFC is an extension of Radio frequency identification or RFID technology.

OPERATION OF NFC
Near field communication is based on inductive-coupling. NFC works using magnetic induction between two loop antennas located within each other's 'near field. operating frequency 13.56MHz.data rate 106 kbit/s to 424 kbit/s.

NFC use an initiator and a target; the initiator actively generates an RF field that can power a passive target.

EVOLUTION OF NFC TECHNOLOGY

In 2004, NFC Forum was formed by Nokia, Philips, Sony, to set standards for NFC . Every NFC enabled device will have N-Mark trademark ,developed by NFC Forum.
N MARK TRADEMARK First mobile phone( nokia 6131) with NFC released by NOKIA.

In 2006

In 2010

First android phone SAMSUNG NEXUS S with NFC support released.

NFC allows for data exchange between two devices(e.g. a smart phone and a payment device) through physical contact (or in very close proximity)

The initiator device (the mobile) generates a radio frequency field that transmits the data within a range of about 4 centimeters.

The target device (the payment device) picks up the RF field and recieves the data it contains.

MODES OF OPERATION

MODES OF OPERATION
PASSIVE MODE

ACTIVE MODE

 Active mode

Passive mode

In Active mode, both devices with NFC chip generates an electromagnetic field and exchange data.
Two NFC enabled devices transfer-ring data in active mode

In Passive mode, there is only one active device and the other uses that field to exchange information.
A NFC-enabled mobile phone is paired with a RFID-tagged "smart poster"

COMPARISON WITH EXISTING TECHNOLOGY

Uses:
NFC builds upon RFID systems by allowing two-way communication between endpoints, where earlier systems such as contactless smart cards were one-way only. Since unpowered NFC "tags" can also be read by NFC devices, it is also capable of replacing earlier one-way applications.

Commerce NFC Identity documents

Social networking

Bluetooth and WiFi connections

Commerce
NFC devices can be used in contactless payment systems, similar to those currently used in credit cards and electronic ticket smartcards, and allow mobile payment to replace or supplement these systems. For example, Google Wallet allows consumers to store credit card and store loyalty card information in a virtual wallet and then use an NFC-enabled device at terminals that also accept MasterCard Pay Pass transactions. China is using it all over the country in public bus transport and India is implementing NFC based transactions in box offices for ticketing purposes

Google Wallet
Google Wallet is a mobile payment system developed by Google that allows its users to store debit cards, credit cards, loyalty cards, and gift cards among other things, as well as redeeming sales promotions on their mobile phone.

Uses of NFC include:

Matching encrypted security code and transporting access key Due to short transmission range, NFC-based transactions are possibly secure; Instant payments and coupon delivery using your handset, as we do with your credit card or debit card Marketing and exchange of information such as schedules, maps, business card and coupon delivery using NFC Marketing tags Pay for items just by waving your phone over the NFC capable devices Transferring images, posters for displaying and printing Social media e.g. Like on Facebook, Follow on Twitter via NFC smart stickers in retail stores

Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connections

NFC offers a low-speed connection with extremely simple setup, and could be used to bootstrap more capable wireless connections. It could, for example, replace the pairing step of establishing Bluetooth connections or the configuration of Wi-Fi networks.

Social networking
NFC can be used in social networking situations, such as sharing contacts, photos, videos or files, and entering multiplayer mobile games

Identity documents
The NFC Forum promotes the potential for NFCenabled devices to act as electronic identity documents and keycards. As NFC has a short range and supports encryption, it may be more suitable than earlier, less private RFID systems.

APPLICATION OF NFC
Touch and Go Touch and Confirm Touch and Connect
Touch and Go

Applications such as access control or transport/event ticketing, where the user needs only to bring the device storing the ticket or access code close to the reader. Example for picking up an Internet URL from a smart label on a poster.

Touch and Confirm Applications such as mobile payment where the user has to confirm the interaction by entering a password or just accepting the transaction. Touch and Connect

Linking two NFC-enabled devices to enable peer to peer transfer of data such as downloading music, exchanging images or synchronizing address books.

ADVANTAGES OF NFC
High convenience to the user, because the data exchange is done by bringing two mobiles together. Reduces cost of electronic issuance . Secure communication. No special software. No manual configuration and settings. No search and pair procedure.

DISADVANTAGES OF NFC
The system has the limitation that it can be operated only with devices under a short range i.e. around 10 cm. The data transfer rate is very less at about 106kbps, 212 kbps and 424kbps.

FUTURE OF NFC
New generations of iPhone, iPod and iPad products would reportedly be equipped with NFC capability which would enable small-scale monetary transactions. On May 2, 2011, RIM announced the Blackberry Bold 9900, a new device that will use NFC technology. Recently, Microsoft announced that all Windows Phone 8 devices will make use of the NFC technology.
NFC could be used for so much more than just data transfer and payments. Imagine youre planning a Disney Vacation (as it turns out, I am). You purchase your park tickets, reserve your hotel, buy your flight tickets, and youre ready to go. Instead of printing everything off before you go to the airport, you get there and just wave your phone at the kiosk, where it asks you to enter a PIN that they issued to you. It then checks the tickets on your phone, as well as your identification, and youre on your way.

SOME DEVICES USING NFC TECHNOLOGY

Nexus S Google Nexus S 4G Samsung Galaxy S II Samsung Galaxy S Ill Samsung Galaxy Note Galaxy Nexus Nokia 6212 Classic Nokia 6131 NFC

CONCLUSION
Mobile handsets are the primary target for NFC and soon NFC will be implemented in most handheld devices. Even though NFC have the shortest range among radio frequency technologies, combining them with existing technologies like Bluetooth or Infrared can increase its range of applications.

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