Basic Administration

Module 2 Data ONTAP 8.0 7-Mode Administration

Module Objectives
By the end of this module, you should be able to: Connect remotely to a FAS system using the console and a remote host Access NetApp System Manager to administer a storage system Execute commands using the console, a remote host, and System Manager Demonstrate how to use commands to analyze a FAS system Configure and manage the AutoSupport service for a FAS system
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Administrative Interfaces

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Administration Options
A storage system may be managed from:
The command-line interface (CLI)
Access directly (serial connection to the console) Access remotely (SSH, Telnet)

A graphical user interface (GUI)

Access remotely (using a variety of protocols)

What are the advantages or disadvantages of each method?

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Command-Line Interface

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Command-Line Interface
CLI is accessed through the console or through a shell
system> Wed Apr system> 7 20:53:01 ... logged in from console

By default, a storage system allows: One session One user at a time Creating additional sessions generates an error:
Too many users logged in! Connection closed. Please try again later.

Use the options command (discussed later) to allow two separate sessions
system> options telnet.distinct.enable true
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Console Connections
The console allows a physical connection through the:
Serial port
Storage systems have an RJ45 port marked IOIOI on the rear panel Connect the DB9 end to a serial port on a host computer Properties: Speed: 9600 bits per second Data bits: 8 Stop bits: 1 Parity: None Flow Control: Hardware or none

Serial Port
PROPERLY SHUT DOWN SYSTEM BEFORE OPENING CHASSIS.

REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL

REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL

AC IN

PWR

AC IN

PWR

1
e0e

HI-POT 2200VDC

HI-POT 2200VDC

e0f

RLM

e0a

e0b

e0c

e0d

LNK

LNK

LNK

LNK

LNK

LNK

LNK

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

LNK

0a

0b

0c

0d

0e

0f

0g

0h

Console Connections (Cont.)

The console allows a physical connection through the:
Serial port RLM

RLM Port
PROPERLY SHUT DOWN SYSTEM BEFORE OPENING CHASSIS.

REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL

REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL

AC IN

PWR

AC IN

PWR

1
e0e

HI-POT 2200VDC

HI-POT 2200VDC

e0f

RLM

e0a

e0b

e0c

e0d

Remote access to your storage system regardless of the system state Continuous power and secure access Use rlm commands to configure

LNK

LNK

LNK

LNK

LNK

LNK

LNK

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

LNK

0a

0b

0c

0d

0e

0f

0g

0h

Console Connections (Cont.)

The console allows physical connection through the:
Serial port RLM BMC (on FAS2000 series)
BMC Port
2

REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL

REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL

REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL

FAS2050

0a
LNK

0b
LNK

e0a

e0b

A B

REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL

FAS2050

0a
LNK

0b
LNK

e0a

e0b

Remote access to your storage system regardless of the system state Continuous power and secure access Use bmc commands to configure

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Shell Access
Besides direct console access, administrators may access a storage system through the:
e0M (if available)

Management LAN

Data LAN

RLM

e0M

e0a

e0b

Data ONTAP 8.0

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Shell Access (Cont.)

Besides direct console access, administrators may access a storage system through:
e0M (if available) Ethernet

By default, using secured protocol: SSH Other insecure protocols (not recommended): RSH Telnet
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Secure Shell
Secure shell (SSH): Allows for secure administrative access to the storage system Requires no license; set on by default in new installs Data ONTAP 8.0 supports SSH 1.x or SSH 2.0 To configure SSH 2.0: system> secureadmin setup ssh
Enter a host key of 768 bits Wait for syslog message that SSH is set up

system> secureadmin enable ssh2 Host keys are found here: RSA key: /etc/sshd/ssh_host_rsa_key DSA key: /etc/sshd/ssh_host_dsa_key
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Secure Sockets Layer

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL):
Uses a certificate to provide a secure connection between the storage system and a Web browser Certifications can be either:
Self-signed certificate Certificate-authority-signed certificate

To configure a self-signed certificate SSL:

system> secureadmin setup ssl
Enter country, state, locality, organization, unit, common, e-mail, days until expiration, and key length Certificate created in the /etc/keymgr directory A self-signed certificate is called secureadmin.der

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Secure Sockets Layer (Cont.)

To configure a certificate-authority-signed certificate SSL:
system> secureadmin addcert ssl directory_path
directory_path is the full path: /etc/tempdir/secureadmin.pem Certificate created in the /etc/keymgr directory A certificate-authority-signed certificate is called secureadmin.pem

To enable SSL:
system> secureadmin enable ssl

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Working with the CLI

To move the cursor right one position To move the cursor left one position To move the cursor to the beginning of the line Delete all characters from the cursor to the end Delete the character to the left of the cursor Delete the line Ctrl-F or the Right arrow key Ctrl-B or the Left arrow key Ctrl-A

Ctrl-K

Ctrl-H

Ctrl-U

Delete a word

Ctrl-W

Reprint the line

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Ctrl-R

Command-Line Privileges
CLI has two modes:
Administration
priv set or priv set admin Represented by system>

Advanced
priv set advanced Represented by system*>

Use advanced commands only under the direction of NetApp personnel

system> priv set advanced Warning: These advanced commands are potentially dangerous; use them only when directed to do so by NetApp personnel. system*>
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Basic Administration Commands

system> ? ? aggr backup cf cifs config dafs date df disk disk_fw_update dns download dump echo ems environment exportfs fcp fcstat file filestats fpolicy ftp system> halt help hostname httpstat ifconfig ifstat igroup ipsec ipspace iscsi iswt license lock logger logout lun man maxfiles mt nbtstat ndmpcopy ndmpd netdiag netstat nfs nfsstat nis options orouted partner passwd ping priv qtree quota rdate reboot restore rmc route routed rsm savecore secureadmin setup shelfchk snap snapmirror snapvault snmp software source storage sysconfig sysstat timezone traceroute ups uptime useradmin version vfiler vif vlan vol vscan wcc ypcat ypgroup ypmatch ypwhich

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Advanced Privilege Commands

system*> df disk disk disk_fw_update disk_list disk_stat dns download dump echo ems environ environment exit exportfs fcadmin fcp fcstat file fpolicy ftp getXXbyYY led_on led_on_all led_on_off led_test led_test_one license lmem_stat lock log logger logout ls lun man maxfiles mbstat mem_scrub_stats mt mv nbtstat ndmpcopy ndmpd quota rdate rdfile reboot registry remote restore result revert_to rm rmc rmt rod route routed rsm rtag savecore scsi secureadmin setup sh sysstat test_lcd timezone toe traceroute ups uptime useradmin version vfiler vif vlan vol vscan wafl wafl_susp wcc wrfile ypcat ypgroup ypmatch ypwhich

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Graphical Interfaces

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Graphical Interfaces
A storage system can be managed through multiple graphical interfaces:
System Manager Operations Manager (formerly DataFabric Manager) Microsoft Windows interfaces such as Computer Management for certain CIFS functionality

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager 1.1

System Manager 1.1 enables the setup and management of NetApp storage in a Microsoft Windows environment
Supports Data ONTAP 8.0 7-Mode Available on the NOW site

System Manager requires:

Windows XP, Vista, Server 2003 or 2008 Microsoft Management Console 3.0 Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0

System Manager supports:

Data ONTAP 7.2.3 or later FAS2000, FAS3000, and FAS3100 series; more soon
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager Features

System Manager includes:
Windows integration Discovery and setup of storage systems NAS provisioning LUN provisioning CIFS and NFS configuration ISCSI and FC configuration Management of storage systems Streamlined HA pair configuration Windows system tray notification
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Assigning a System

After installation, administrators may either discover or manually assign storage systems to manage

Add host name or IP and click here Discovery requires DHCP

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Storage Systems

Edit allows host name changes

Set up allows configuration of the selected storage if properly authenticated

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Setup Wizard

If previous configured, check OK and then click Next

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Setup Wizard (Cont.)

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Setup Wizard (Cont.)

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Setup Wizard (Cont.)

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Configuration

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: System Dashboard

Select a storage system to view details

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Security

Configure SSH and SSL

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Security (Cont.)

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Security (Cont.)

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Operations Manager
Operations Manager
Discovers, monitors, and manages NetApp storage Provides maximum availability, reduced TCO, and ensures business policy compliance

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Alternative GUIs
Alternative GUIs, include:
Microsoft Management Console (MMC) and its snap-ins Computer Management Server Manager (in Windows Server 2008 and later)

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Configuring Your System

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Configuring Your System

To change the configuration of a storage system, use one of the following methods:
CLI Configuration files System Manager

Steps in setting up a new storage system, include:

Verify the date, time, and time zone configuration Set up any SNMP variables to monitor Review the System Log (Syslog) Configure AutoSupport

Verify configuration
AutoSupport to report configurations
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

CLI Commands
System options:
options [feature.option_name] [value]

Example: options rsh.enable on

NOTE: If no value is entered, the current value is displayed

Volume options:
vol options volname [option_name] [value]

Aggregate options:
aggr options aggrname [option_name] [value]

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Registry Files
Registry files contain many persistent configurations
File
/etc/registry /etc/registry.lastgood /etc/registry.bck /etc/registry.default

Usage
Current registry Copy of registry after last successful boot First-level backup Default registry

NOTE: The registry should never be edited directly

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Editing files using CLI

Some files can be edited from the CLI. To edit a file:
1. Make a backup copy of the file. 2. Read the file using rdfile.
3. Write the file using wrfile or use wrfile

a to append to a file without deleting. When the wrfile command is issued, the original file is always deleted (unless the a option is applied) Better yet... use System Manager

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

CLI: Date, Time, and Time Zone

To configure the date and time:
system> date [-u] [[[CC]yy]mmddhhmm[.ss]]

For example:
system> date 200904020728
Sets the date for April 2, 2010 at 7:28 a.m.

To configure the time zone:

system> timezone [name]

The name argument specifies the time zone to use Each time zone is described by a file in the storage systems /etc/zoneinfo directory For example: system> timezone America/Chicago
Sets the time zone to CST
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

CLI: Date, Time, and Time Zone (Cont.)

To configure a storage system for SNTP:
system> options timed.proto ntp

To set the SNTP servers:

system> options timed.servers pool.ntp.org, 10.125.25.23

To enable it on:
system> options timed.enable on
In an Active Directory environment, set this to sync with the servers Active Directory syncs with
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Date, Time, & Time Zone

To configure date, time, and timezone

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

CLI: Syslog
Message logging is done by a syslogd daemon The /etc/syslog.conf configuration file on the storage system's root volume determines how system messages are logged Messages can be sent to:
The console A file A remote system

By default, all system messages are sent to the console and logged in the /etc/messages file You can access the /etc/messages files via
An NFS or CIFS client (discussed later in this course) System Manager
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

The /etc/syslog.conf File

The /etc/syslog.conf file consists of lines with space-separated fields in the following format:
facility.level action

The facility parameter specifies the subsystem from which the message originated The level parameter describes the severity level of the message The action parameter specifies where to send messages

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Syslog

To view the Syslog

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

AutoSupport

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

AutoSupport
AutoSupport:
Monitors a storage system's operations Sends automatic messages to Technical Support
HTTP/HTTPS

E-Mail Server

AutoSupport messages are generated:

When certain triggering events occur When you initiate a test message When the system reboots Once a week (usually after 12 a.m. on Sundays)

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Examples of AutoSupport Events

Events
Low NVRAM battery Disk failure Disk scrub detected checksum errors Shutdown occurred because of overheating Partial RPS failure occurred Disk shelf error occurred Spare disk failure occurred

E-Mail Subject Line

BATTERY_LOW DISK_FAIL!!! DISK_SCRUB CHECKSUM ERROR OVER_TEMPERATURE_SHUTDOWN!!! REBOOT SHELF_FAULT SPARE DISK FAILED

Weekly backup of /etc/messages occurred

Successful cluster takeover of partner Unsuccessful cluster takeover Cluster takeover of virtual filer Cluster giveback occurred
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

WEEKLY_LOG
CLUSTER TAKEOVER COMPLETE CLUSTER TAKEOVER FAILED REBOOT (CLUSTER TAKEOVER) CLUSTER GIVEBACK COMPLETE

CLI: Configuring AutoSupport

1. Specify whether you wish to send notification to NetApp (required for many NetApp Support services):
system> options autosupport.support.enable [off|on]

2. Specify whether to send notifications to Technical Support over SMTP or HTTP/HTTPS:

system> options autosupport.support.transport

If smtp, then sent to autosupport.support.to If http/https, then sent to autosupport.support.url

Read-only

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

CLI: Configuring AutoSupport (Cont.)

5. Determine amount of information to include:
system> options autosupport.content [complete|minimal]

6. If minimal, specify how to identify storage systems:

system> options autosupport.minimal.subject.id [hostname|systemid]

7. Specify up to five mailhost servers:

system> options autosupport.mailhost host1[,...]

8. Specify the senders e-mail:

system> options autosupport.from address

9. Specify up to five e-mails to send notifications:

system> options autosupport.to address[,...]

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

CLI: Configuring AutoSupport (Cont.)

8. Specify up to five e-mails to send notes:
system> options autosupport.noteto address[,...] Notes are designed to send short e-mails to devices such as cell phone or other text devices

9. Enable AutoSupport:
system> options autosupport.enable [on|off]

NOTE: AutoSupport logs are stored here:

/etc/log/autosupport

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Testing AutoSupport
To send an AutoSupport manual message, complete the following steps:
Run the following command on the storage system console: options autosupport.doit [message] The message can be a single word or a string enclosed in single quotes NetApp recommends that if you are testing your AutoSupport configuration, use the message: TEST or TESTING

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: AutoSupport

To configure AutoSupport

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

System Manager: AutoSupport (Cont.)

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Module Summary
In this module, you should have learned to: Connect remotely to a FAS system using the console and a remote host Access NetApp System Manager to administer a storage system Execute commands using the console, a remote host, and System Manager Demonstrate how to use commands to analyze a FAS system Configure and manage the AutoSupport service for a FAS system
2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.

Exercise
Module 2: Basic Administration Estimated Time: 60 minutes

Check Your Understanding

List the methods to access a storage systems command-line interface.
Console, Telnet, RLM, RSH, and SSH

How can you configure a FAS system from a remote host?

For UNIX, set up NFS and mount an export of the root directory For Windows, set up CIFS and access the \\system\C$ share

When are AutoSupport messages generated?

Events occur on the storage system that require corrective action The storage system reboots You initiate a test message Once a week, usually after 12 a.m. on Sundays

2009 NetApp. All rights reserved.