BASIC STATISTI

SCALES OF MEASUREMENT
NOMINAL LEVEL
Is characterized by data that consists of names, labels, or categories only.
We can only say that one is different from another, but the amount of that difference between them cannot be determined. e.g. Gender, nationality, and civil status.

IC

SCALES OF MEASUREMENT
ORDINAL LEVEL
Involves that the data may be arranged in some order but differences between data values either cannot be determined or are meaningless.
We can say that one is better or greater than the other, but we cannot tell how much more or how much less of the characteristic of one has than the other. e.g. Ranking of contestants in a beauty contest, siblings in a family and ranking of honor students.

SCALES OF MEASUREMENT
INTERVAL LEVEL
It is like the ordinal level. But meaningful amounts of differences between data can be determined. It has no natural zero starting point.
We can say that only that one object is greater or less than another but we can also specify the differences. e.g. Scores in a test and temperature.

SCALES OF MEASUREMENT
RATIO LEVEL
It is like the interval level. The only difference that the ratio level always start from an absolute or true zero point. We can say that one object is so many time as large or as small as the other.
e.g. weight and height

NOMINAL

ORDINAL

INTERVAL

RATIO

ROOM TEMP. IN KELVIN GOOD, A, ROOM B, SPEED C, IQ ZIP RELIGION BETTER D, SCORES AGE TEMP. CODES OF E GRADES CAR AND IN C BEST

TYPES OF SAMPLES
RANDOM SAMPLE/ING
Each member of the population has an equally likely chance of being selected. e.g. All studio audience were ask to submit their own cell phone number.

CONVENIENCE SAMPLE/ING
It is the sample that is easy for the researcher.
e.g. Getting data from a class or an institution that is easily accessible to the researcher.

TYPES OF SAMPLES
STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLE/ING
Based on a strata, the population is subdivided into subgroups, so that each population member is only one subgroup. e.g. A researcher surveys all students from each of the 4 year levels randomly.

CLUSTER SAMPLE/ING
It consists of items in a group such as a neighborhood or a household.

e.g. Grouping a population into subgroups.

TYPES OF SAMPLES
SYSTEMATIC SAMPLE/ING
Obtained using an ordered list of population. e.g. Given is 100 students, the 5th,10th, 15th, 20th were chosen as sample.

PROJECT:

1. Think of a survey question that is answerable by the your given choices. At least three choices. 2. Create survey forms for data gathering.
NAME: _____________________________ YEAR/SEC: ______________

What is your favorite Philippine TV channel?

(Put a check () on your answer)

( ) GMA 7 ( ) ABS-CBN 2

( ) TV 5

3. Gather data depending on what sampling technique your group prefer. e.g. random sampling.

4. Consolidate the data. 5. Illustrate the data using a BAR GRAPH, PIE GRAPH AND A PICTOGRAPH: PREFERRED PHILIPPINE TV CHANNEL OF 50 RANDOMLY SELECTED LMSI STUDENTS
25 20 15 10 5

0
ABS -CBN 2 TV 5 GMA 7

PREFERRED PHILIPPINE TV CHANNEL OF 50 RANDOMLY SELECTED LMSI STUDENTS

40%

36%

ABS -CBN 2 TV 5 GMA 7

24%

PREFFERED PHILIPPINE TV CHANNEL OF 50 RANDOMLY SELECTED LMSI STUDENTS ABS CBN 2 TV 5 GMA 7 = five persons

6: Choose a title for your survey. 7. Put the title in the center. 8. The brief description of the survey . What is the survey all about? How it was conducted? What sampling technique was used? 9. Names of the members