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Used to compare the means of two or more populations It was developed by R. A. Fisher
PROBLEM 1 The following is the sales revenue of three salesmen taken on five occasions. Test at 5% level whether there is any difference between the performances of three salesmen.
Observation s
1 2 3
A
5 6 8
B
3 5 2
C
10 13 7
4
5
1
5
10
0
13
17
STEP 1 Frame the hypothesis H0: There is no difference in the performance of the salesmen. HA: There is difference in the performance of the salesmen. STEP 2 Reproduce the table with Column Total
Observation
1 2 3
A
5 6 8
B
3 5 2
C
10 13 7
4
5 TOTAL SS (Treatment)
1
5 25
10
0 20
13
17 60
Ya 2 25 36 64 1 25 151
B 3 5 2 10 0 20
Yb 2 9 25 4 100 0 138
C 10 13 7 13 17 60
SS
(Total)
STEP: 4
Use the formula and find out the following: Correction Factor = Y2/N
(A + B + C )2 / N
SS (Total) = Ya 2 + Yb 2 + Yc 2 _ Y2/ N
SS (Treatment) = A/ CN + B/ CN + C/ CN - Y2/ N
SS (Error) = SS (Total) - SS (Treatment)
STEP : 5
PREPARE ANOVA TABLE
Sources of Variances SS (Treat) SS(Error) SS DF C-1 N-C Mean Computed F Tabulated F
SS(Total)
N-1
ANOVA TABLE Sources of Variances SS (Treat) SS(Error) SS 190 140 DF 2 12 Mean 95 11.67 Computed F Tabulated F 8.14 3.88
SS(Total)
330
14
STEP : 6 Compare tabulated value and calculated value. If the Calculated value is Less, Accept the Null Hypothesis and vv..
STEP: 7 Conclude.
Tabulated value is 3.88 And calculated value is 8.14 As calculated value is more than the tabulated value, reject the null hypothesis. Hence we can conclude that , there is difference in the performance of the salesmen.
Problem 2 Set up an analysis of variance table for the following per acre production data for three varieties of wheat, each grown on 4 plots and state if the variety differences are significant.
ANOVA TABLE
PROBLEM 3
A company has deputed A, B, C and D to four different training programmes. Check whether there is any significant difference between the training programmes of A, B, C, and D at 5% level of significance.
Employee s 1 2 3 A 80 90 96 B 70 60 55 C 65 50 58 D 90 89 85
4
5
85
70
85
90
55
40
95
80
ANOVA TABLE Sources of Variances SS (Treat) SS(Error) SS 3570 1798.8 DF 3 16 Mean 1190 112.42 Computed F Tabulated F 10.585 3.23
SS(Total)
5368.8
19
Problem 4 A company has appointed four salesmen, A, B, C and D and has observed their sales in three seasons. Perform ANOVA to check whether there is any significant difference between sales of salesmen during different seasons.
Seasons Summer Winter Rainy A 36 28 26 B 36 29 28 C 21 31 D 35 32
29 29
SS(Total)
Problem 1 A company has appointed four salesmen, A, B, C and D and has observed their sales in three seasons. Perform ANOVA to check whether there is any significant difference between sales of salesmen or between sales during different seasons. Salesmen Season s Summe r Winter Rainy A 36 28 26 B 36 29 28 C 21 31 29 D 35 32 29
Hypothesis w.r.t Seasons Ho : There is no difference in the means of sales in seasons. H1: Sale is different in at least one of the seasons. Hypothesis w.r.t Sales Ho : There is no difference in the mean of sales by salesmen. H1: Sale of at least one of the salesmen is different.
A 36 28
B 36 29
C 21 31
D 35 32
Rainy
Total
26
90
28
93
29
81
29
96
112
360
Step: 3 Find out Correction factor T2/N 3602/12 = 10800 Step: 4 Find out the following: Sum of squares between treatment( Salesmen) Sum of squares between blocks ( Seasons) Total sum of squares
SS (Treatment) (Salesman) = 902/3+932/3+812/3+962/3 10800 = 42 SS (Blocks) (Seasons) = 1282/4+1202/4+1122/4 10800 = 32 SS(Total) = 362+362+212+352+282 ..+292 10800 = 210 SS (Error) = 210 - ( 42 + 32 ) = 136
Step: 5
Prepare Anova table Sources S.S of Variance SS (Treatment
)
D.F
Mean
Computed F
Tabulated F
C-1
SS (Blocks)
SS (Error) SS (Total)
R-1
(C-1) ( r-1)
N-1
SS
DF
Mean
Computed
32
(r-1) 3-1 2
(c-1) x (r1) 3x 2 6 n-1 12-1 11
32/2 16
136/6 22.67
16/22.67 0.71
5.14
136
210
STEP : 6 Compare tabulated value and calculated value. If the Calculated value is Less, Accept the Null Hypothesis and vv..
STEP: 7 Conclude.
Tabulated F (3,6,.05) = 4.76 and F (2,6,.05) = 5.14 In case of the Salesmen, calculated F is less than table value, hence we accept Ho. In case of the Seasons, calculated F is less than table value, hence we accept Ho. Thus, we can conclude that there is no difference either between the sales of the Salesmen, or between the sales of the Seasons.
Problem 2
Set up an analysis of variance table for the following two-way design results:
Per Acre Production Data of Wheat (in metric tonnes)
Problem 3
Test the following observation with Two Way Anova
Salesme n Area P A 10 B 15 C 14 D 20
Q
R S
20
30 40
18
16 12
16
18 20
16
18 14
SS
DF
Mean
Computed
112.19
(r-1) 3
(c-1) x (r1) 9 n-1 15
37.39
0.753
3.86
446.56
49.61
787.94
Problem 4
Test the following observations in Two Way Anova
TEACHI STUDEN TS
PERFOR MANCE IN EXAM
NG ME
THODS
A
P Q R S 20 16 18 15
B
8 10 12 16
C
14 16 18 20
D
20 16 18 14
SS
DF
Mean
Computed
9.68
(r-1) 3
(c-1) x (r1) 9 n-1 11
0.363
3.229
3.86
80.06
8.895
183.43