Comparators

Unit 7

Comparator
Comparator are one form of linear measurement device which is quick and more convenient for checking large number of identical dimensions. Normally it will not show the actual dimensions of the work piece. It will show only deviation in size during measurement. It cannot be used as an absolute measuring device but can only compare two dimensions. Comparator are designed in several types to meet various conditions. All types are incorporate with some kind of magnification devices.

 The advantages of comparators are 1) that not much skill is required on the part of operator in its use 2) the calibration of instrument over full range is of no importance as comparison is done with a standard end length. 3) Zero error of instrument also does not lead to any problem 4) Since range of indication is very small, being the deviation from set value, a high magnification resulting into great accuracy is possible

USE OF COMPARATOR
MASS PRODUCTION. LABORATORY STANDARDS- CORRELATED. ATTACHED WITH SOME MACHINES-AS WORKING GAUGES.

Types of comparator
According to principles comparators can be classified into 3 types
Mechanical comparators Electrical comparators Optical comparators Pneumatic comparators

Mechanical Comparator
It employs mechanical means of magnifying small deviation. The method of magnifying small movement of the indicator in all mechanical comparators are effected by means of levers, gear trains or a combination of these element. Its are available having magnification from 300 to 5000 to 1. Mostly used for inspection of small parts machined to close limits.

Dial indicator

HOW TO USE ?
LET US ASSUME THAT THE REQUIRED HEIGHT OF THE COMPONENT IS 32.5mm. INITIALLY, THIS HEIGHT IS BUILT UP WITH SLIP GAUGES . THE SLIP GAUGES BLOCKS ARE PLACED UNDER THE STEM OF THE DIAL GAUGE . THE POINTER IN THE DIAL GAUGE IS ADJUSTED TO ZERO THE SLIP GAUGES ARE REMOVED . NOW , THE COMPONENT IS TO BE CHECKED IS INTRODUCED UNDER THE STEM OF THE DIAL GAUGE.

ADVANTAGES OF MECHAHNICAL COMPARATORS

CHEAPER THAN OTHER. NO NEED EXTERNAL SUPPLY LIKE AIR OR ELECTICITY. USUALLY ROBOST AND COMPACT. EASY TO HANDLE. LINEAR SCALE EASILY UNDERSTOOD

DISADVANTAGES OF COMPARATORS
FRICTION IS MORE ACCURACY LESS. SLACKNESS IN MOVING PARTS REDUCE THE ACCURACY. MECHANISM CAUSE THE INSTRUMENT SENSITIVE TO VIBRATION. RANGE IS LIMITED. PARALLAX ERROR IS POSSIBLE.

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ELECTRICAL COMPARATOR

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