PRESENT PERFECT THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE EXPRESSES AN ACTION THAT IS STILL GOING ON OR THAT STOPPED RECENTLY, BUT

HAS AN INFLUENCE ON THE PRESENT. IT PUTS EMPHASIS ON THE RESULT

STRUCTURE
The structure of the present perfect is:
Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb + complement (have-has) (Past participle)

Examples: I have seen Titanic She has gone to Europe

HAVE OR HAS?

You use have or has according to the pronoun you are working with. For third person you have to use has.

HAVE

HAS

I YOU WE THEY She He It

FORM OF PRESENT PERFECT

POSITIVE
I/YOU/WE/THEY I have

NEGATIVE
I have not eaten He has not eaten

QUESTION
Have I eaten?

eaten
HE/SHE/IT He has eaten

Has he eaten?

WHEN DO WE USE THE PRESENT PERFECT?

USE
Unfinished action Action that stopped recently Life experiences

EXAMPLE
We have studied english for three years He has cooked dinner I have gone to Melgar three times

Past actions with results in the I have lost my documents present

CONTRACTIONS
I HAVE YOU HAVE HE HAS SHE HAS IVE YOUVE HES SHES

IT HAS
WE HAVE THEY HAVE

ITS
WEVE THEYVE

TIME EXPRESSIONS FOR PRESENT PERFECT

FOR - SINCE Used as prepositions in sentences in present perfect tense expressing that an action still goes on.

FOR: A period of time E.g.: I have lived in Bogota for 10 years SINCE: The moment when the action started E.g.: have lived in Bogot since 2001

Already means that something happened earlier than we expected. It usually goes after have or has and before the main verb. Eg : We've already had our breakfast

Yet means that something that we expected has happened or hasn't happened. We usually put it at the end of a sentence. It is used in interrogative and negative sentences, Eg: Has the post arrived yet?

She hasnt do her homework yet

EXERCISE ON PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (present perfect simple).

I (not / work)today. : I have not worked today

We (buy)a new lamp. We (not / plan)our holiday yet. Where (be / you)? He (write)five letters. She (not / see)him for a long time. (be / you)at school?

THE FORM OF THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Complete the text using the correct form of the verb in brackets: Jack (be)______my friend for over 20 years. We (know)______ each other since we were children. Recently, he and his family (move)_____ to a house on the same street as me, and now our children play together almost every day. For the last ten years, Jack and I (play)______ for the same hockey team every Saturday. Jack is a better player than I am, but in the last few months he (have)_______ some trouble with his left knee, and he (find)_______ it hard to play a full game. He (see)_______ the doctor several times about his knee, but the doctor doesn't know what is causing his pain. Jack (decide)______ to take a break from hockey for a while, so that his knee can recover. It's going to be lonely on the team without him!

E - REFERENCES
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cramup/grammar/present-perfect-simple http://esl.about.com/library/grammar/blpresper fect.htm http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/gr ammar/pperf.htm http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/Pres entPerfect1C.html