Basic WCDMA Studies

1 NOKIA Layer 1.ppt/ 07.12.
00 / Stefano Savioli Company Confidential

WCDMA Basics
2 NOKIA Layer 1.ppt/ 07.12.00 / Stefano Savioli Company Confidential
Agenda
WCDMA Technical aspects
WCDMA Power Budget
WCDMA Codes
Radio Resource Management
WCDMA Channels
Available channels:
FDD: 12
TDD: 7

UMTS AIR INTERFACE (1/2)
Wideband - Code Division
Multiple Access (W-CDMA)

Multiple Access
Scheme
Duplex scheme
Channel spacing
(User) Data rate
Frequency Division Duplex
Time Division Duplex

FDD: Uplink 1920-1980 MHz
Downlink 2110-2170 MHz

5 MHz

Up to 384kbit/s

Frequency band
Users are separated by
spreading codes
All users utilise the same
frequency band

2 duplex schemes

25 times the channel
spacing of GSM

12 times GPRS (up to
170 kbps (8 timeslots!))

Technical Aspects
Technical Aspects
UMTS AIR INTERFACE - CONTINUED (2/2)
10 ms

Frame length
Inter-BS
synchronisation
Modulation format
FDD: Asynchronous

Data modulation: QPSK (downlink); BPSK (uplink)
Spreading modulation: QPSK

Used for e.g.
Discontinuous transmission decisions
Rate adaptation
Assignment of uplink/downlink
channels for TDD
Trade-off between delay and reasonable
interleaving depth
Chip rate
3,84 Mcps

Frequency
P
o
w
e
r

d
e
n
s
i
t
y

(
W
a
t
t
s
/
H
z
)

Unspread narrowband signal
Spread wideband signal
W
R
Processing gain =

W/R,

typically at least 100
A narrowband signal is spread to a wideband signal
CDMA radio access technology:
spreading/despreading
WCDMA
5 MHz, 1 carrier
TDMA (GSM)
5 MHz, 25 carriers
The processing gain depends on the user data rate
PROCESSING GAIN
Voice user (12,2 kbit/s)

Packet data user (384 kbit/s)

P
o
w
e
r

d
e
n
s
i
t
y

(
W
/
H
z
)

W
R
Frequency (Hz)

Frequency (Hz)

Unspread narrowband
signal

Spread wideband
signal

Processing Gain
G=W/R=25 dB

P
o
w
e
r

d
e
n
s
i
t
y

(
W
/
H
z
)

W
R
Unspread
"narrowband"
signal

Spread wideband
signal
Processing Gain
G=W/R=10 dB

Spreading factor determines
the bit rate
Processing gain dependent on
user data rate
(data rate) x
(spreading factor)=
const.=W=3,84 Mcps

CDMA Radio Access Technology
Freq. 1
Freq. 1
BS1
BS2
Code D
Users are separated by codes (code channels), not by frequency or time
(in some capacity/hierarchical cell structure cases, also different
carrier frequencies may be used).
Signals of other users are seen as noise-like interference
CDMA system is an interference limited system which averages the
interference (ref. to GSM which is a frequency limited system)
Codes & Multipath Propagation
code C
1

code C
2

C
1
+A
2

RAKE Diversity Receiver
D
e
l
a
y

A
1

Code used
for the
connection
Rx
Output
Finger
t
Cell-1
Cell-1
Cell-1
Cell-2
Rx
Rx
Rx
Finger
Finger
Finger
D
e
l
a
y

A
2

D
e
l
a
y

A
3

Channel power planning
Different Ec/Io requirement for the common
channel makes the power planning not a easy
task
Pilot coverage
P-CCPCH
coverage
In this example the
mobile "sees" the cell
but cannot access it as
it cannot decode the
BCH
Agenda
WCDMA Power Budget
WCDMA Codes
WCDMA Channels
Propagation model

Link Budget Overview
Output
power
Losses
(Cable,
Combiner,
)
BS
Antenn
a gain
Path-
loss SHO
Gain

UE /
body
loss

E
c
/I
0
Processing
Gain
(de-
spreading)

E
b
/N
0

Load
(Interferen
ce margin)

MS
antenna
gain

MDC
gain

Result
Application related
Hardware related
Input Categories
Capacity related
System related
POWER
LEVEL
Link budget
Chip rate 3840,00 DL data rate 64,00
UL Data rate 64,00 DL load 85%
UL Load 50%
2
Uplink Downlink
RECEIVING END Node B UE
Thermal Noise Density dBm/Hz -173,98 -173,98
Receiver Noise Figure dB 3,00 8,00
Receiver Noise Density dBm/Hz -170,98 -165,98
Noise Power [NoW] dBm -105,14 -100,14
Reguired Eb/No dB 2,00 5,50
Soft handover MDC gain dB 0,00 1,00
Processing gain dB 17,78 17,78
Interference margin (NR) dB 3,01 8,24
Required Ec/Io [q] dB -15,78 -12,28
Required Signal Power [S] dBm -117,91 -105,18
Cable loss dB 2,00 0,00
Body loss dB 0,00 0,00
Antenna gain RX dBi 18,00 0,00
Soft handover gain dB 2,00 2,00
Power control headroom dB 3,00 0,00
Istropic power dBm -132,91 -107,18
TRANSMITTING END UE Node B
Power per connection dBm 21,00 24,73
Cable loss dB 0,00 2,00
Body loss dB 0,00 0
Antenna gain TX dBi 0,00 18
Peak EIRP dBm 21,00 40,73
Isotropic path loss dB 153,91 147,91
DL peak to average ratio dB 6,00
Isotropic path loss to the cell border 153,91
NRT 64kbit/s, 3km/h NRT 64kbit/s, 3km/h NRT 64kbit/s, 3km/h NRT 64kbit/s, 3km/h
The calculation is done for each
service (bit rate) separately
The link budget must be
balanced
Power Budget Calculations
E
b
/N
0

In order to meet the defined quality requirements (BLER) a certain average
bit-energy divided by total noise+interference spectral density (E
b
/N
0
) is
needed. Nokia simulations for E
b
/N
o
are based on ITU recommendations.
Eb/No depends on:
Service
MS speed
Radio channel
In DL the own cell interferences are reduced by factor (1-o). This is due to
the synchronised orthogonal channelisation codes, which are used in DL.
The ortogonality factor o depends on the multipath conditions.

DL Eb/No
12.2kbps Voice CS-data 3km/h P-data 3km/h
3 km/h 20 km/h 120 km/h 64 kb/s 128 kb/s 384 kb/s 64 kb/s 128 kb/s 384 kb/s
7.9 6 7.4 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.8
UL Eb/No
12.2kbps Voice CS-data 3km/h P-data 3km/h
3 km/h 20 km/h 120 km/h 64 kb/s 128 kb/s 384 kb/s 64 kb/s 128 kb/s 384 kb/s
4.4 4.5 5.4 2 1.5 1 2 1.4 1.7
E
b
/N
0

| | dB
R
W
I
p
N
E
rx b
=
0
N oth own DL
P I I I + + = ) 1 ( o
N oth own UL
P I I I + + =
Where:
P
rx
= received power
R = bit rate
W = bandwidth
I
own
= total power received from the serving cell (excluding own signal)
I
oth
= total power received from other cells
P
N
= noise power
o = orthogonality factor

Required E
c
/I
0

Required E
c
/I
0
is the required RF C/I needed in order to meet
the baseband E
b
/N
0
criteria
E
c
/I
0
depends on the bit rate

| | dB
I
p
W
R
N
E
I
E
rx b c
= =
0 0
Energy
per chip
Total power
spectral density
Is possible Ec/Io= -1 ??
RSCP, Ec/Io
Received signal code power
Energy per chip over the total received power spectral density
Two criterias to define coverage in 3G (in GSM is RSSI)
Good RSCP does not guarantee service, unless the
dominance is good which gives good Ec/Io
Usually CPICH RSCP and Ec/Io is measured, NOT services
Ec/Io or RSCP.
Measurement mapping is defined in 3GPP specs 25.133

Coverage & Capacity coupling
Load factor directly corresponds to the
supported traffic per cell
More traffic means more interference ->
cell breathing
Max. recommended load : 70 %,
typically 30-50 %
50 % load means 3 dB loss in link
budget

0
5
10
15
20
25
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
Load factor
L
o
s
s

(
d
B
)
BS
CELL BREATHING
higher load
BS
service quality
cell coverage cell capacity
Optimization
and Tailoring

( ) | | dB Log q 1 10
10
I
Margin
=
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Traffic load factor
Relative cell size
Increased load 800 kbps
Decreased coverage
Low load 200 kbps
Large coverage
128 kbps
64 kbps
8 kbps
144 kbps
64 kbps
64 kbps
144 kbps
144 kbps
64 kbps
64 kbps
Traffic load has
direct effect on the
cell size
Radio Resource
Management
provides means to
control cell
breathing in
network
optimisation
Cell Breathing in WCDMA
Coverage measured today
= coverage in the future ??
Coverage Overlap
Some overlap is required to allow soft handover to occur
Need to control amount of interference since the network
capacity is directly related to it.
Soft handover helps to reduce interference. (Soft HO Gain)
Too much overlap (Soft HO overhead)
Increases interference to other cells --> reduce capacity
Increases Soft Handover overhead --> reduce capacity
Typically soft HO should occur in 20-40% of connections.
Code Allocation during Soft Handover
Code 1 DL
BS 1
BS
2
UL
Code 2 DL
UL
Code Allocation during Soft Handover
The UE transmit the information with the scrambling and channelisation
codes assigned from the first BTS. From the UL point of view no changes
are made for the code allocation

Each BTS transmit with its own scrambling code and with a channel code
that should have the same SF otherwise the UE will loose the combining
gain

Code 1 DL is different from Code 2 DL

The UE will allocate the fingers of the Rake receiver to despreading both
transmissions and then each finger will be combined through a maximal
ratio combining

Agenda
WCDMA Power Budget
WCDMA Codes
WCDMA Channels

Long and Short Codes
Short code = Channelisation code Long code = Scrambling code
Usage Uplink: Separation of physical data
(DPDCH) and control channels
(DPCCH) from same terminal
Downlink: Separation of downlink
connections to different users within
one cell
Uplink: Separation of mobile
Downlink: Separation of sectors (cells)
Length 4256 chips (1.066.7 s)
Downlink also 512 chips
Different bit rates by changing the
length of the code
Uplink: (1) 10 ms = 38400 chips or (2)
66.7 s = 256 chips
Option (2) can be used with advanced
base station receivers
Downlink: 10 ms = 38400 chips
Number of codes Number of codes under one scrambling
code = spreading factor
Uplink: 16.8 million
Downlink: 512
Code family Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor Long 10 ms code: Gold code
Short code: Extended S(2) code family
Spreading Yes, increases transmission bandwidth No, does not affect transmission
bandwidth
Tree of Orthogonal Short Codes in
Downlink
Hierarchical selection of short codes from a "code tree" to
maintain orthogonality
Several long scrambling codes can be used within one sector
to avoid shortage of short codes

C
1
(0) = [ 1 ]
C
2
(0) = [ 1 1 ]
C
2
(1) = [ 1 0 ]
C
4
(0) = [ 1 1 1 1 ]
C
4
(1) = [ 1 1 0 0 ]
C
4
(2) = [ 1 0 1 0 ]
C
4
(3) = [ 1 0 0 1 ]
C
8
(0) = [ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ]
C
8
(1) = [ 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 ]
. . .
. . .
Spreading factor:

SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4
SF = 8
C
8
(2) = [ 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 ]
C
8
(3) = [ 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1]
. . .
. . .
C
8
(4) = [ 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 ]
C
8
(5) = [ 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 ]
. . .
. . .
C
8
(6) = [ 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 ]
C
8
(7) = [ 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 ]
. . .
. . .
Example of
code allocation
Cross Correlation and Orthogonality
An easy way to find the Cross Correlation is to count the number
of agreements/disagreements. +1 for each agreement, -1 for the
disagreement. If the result is 0 then the codes are not correlated
thus Orthogonal
Code C
4,3
= 1001
Code C
4,2
= 1010 ==> +1+1-1-1=0 ORTHOGONAL
When comparing the mother with the son we should bare in mind
that the chip rate is constant, so for each bit transmitted with SF 4
correspond to 2 bits transmitted with SF 2
Ex: If the C
2,1
(10) has to transmit the bits 10 then the
multiplication with the code gives 1001 which is equal to C
4,3,

while if it transmits 11 it is equal to C
4,2
so it is not unique and it
cannot be used

Spreading
factor
Channel
symbol
rate
(ksps)
Channel
bit rate
(kbps)
DPDCH
channel bit
rate range
(kbps)
Maximum user
data rate with -
rate coding
(approx.)
512 7.5 15 36 13 kbps
256 15 30 1224 612 kbps
128 30 60 4251 2024 kbps
64 60 120 90 45 kbps
32 120 240 210 105 kbps
16 240 480 432 215 kbps
8 480 960 912 456 kbps
4 960 1920 1872 936 kbps
4, with 3
parallel
codes
2880 5760 5616 2.3 Mbps
Full rate speech
64 kbps
Physical Layer Bit Rates (Downlink)
The number of orthogonal channelization codes = Spreading factor
The maximum throughput with 1 scrambling code ~2.5 Mbps or ~100 full
rate speech users
128 kbps
384 kbps
Channel Coding of DL 384K 3GPP 125101

3856X3=11568
QPSK so, from
480ksps to 960kbps
3840/10ms=384K
480k* SF8= 3.84M
Downlink modulation
The BTS need linear power amplifier because of the zero crossing
during the transmission of the bit stream 00 11, etc..
Spreaded
Information
Oscillator
90 Phase Shift
RF Out
I Branch
Q Branch
Degrees and Bits:
'1' '0'
180 0
Degrees and Bits:
'1' '0'
90 - 90
Bit combinations in Radio Path:
'10'
135
'00'
45
'11'
225
'01'
315
Complex
Scrambling
Downlink modulation
QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Key) modulation is used, one symbol
transmitted equals two bits of information

The two bits of information are mapped on a 2 dimensions space, one bit
refers to the real axis while the other to the imaginary one.

Control streams are time multiplexed in the frame
Time
Control
Data
1 Time Slot
Channel Coding of DL 12.2K 3GPP 125101

30k* SF 128= 3.84M
Spreading Code
Spread Signal
Data
Air Interface
Chips & Bits & Symbols
Bits (In this drawing, 1 bit = 8 Chips)
Baseband Data
-1
+1
+1
+1
+1
+1
-1
-1
-1
-1
Chip Chip
Spreading
Data x
Code
Data
Code
Code
(pseudo
noise)
Data
+1
+1
+1
+1
+1
Symbol
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
Chip Chip
Despreading
Spectrum
Symbol
Detecting own signal. Correlator
Code
Data after
multiplication
+1
+1
+1
-1
-1
-1
Own
signal
+8
-8
Data after
Integration
Code
Data after
multiplication
+1
+1
+1
-1
-1
-1
Other
signal
+8
-8
Data after
Integration
Agenda
WCDMA Power Budget
WCDMA Codes
WCDMA Channels
Target for RRM is to maximise the radio performance:
Ensure planned coverage for each targeted service
Ensure required link quality (BLER, BER, delay)
Ensure planned capacity i.e. low blocking (new calls, handovers)
Optimize the use of available capacity (priorities)
Radio Resource Management (RRM) is responsible for efficient
utilisation of the air interface resources
RRM
Link Quality
Cell Coverage Cell Capacity
Power Control
Power Control
Load
Control
RNC BS MS
RRM can be divided into
Power control
Handover control
Admission control
Load control (Congestion control)
Packet scheduling &
Resource manager
Locations of RRM algorithms
Power Control
Handover
Control Admission
Control Load Control
Packet
Scheduler
WCDMA Radio Resource
Management:
Logical Model
Radio resource management functionality
consists of a set of algorithms, which are
used for optimal utlisation of the WCDMA
radio interface resources
Admission Control (AC), Load Control
(LC), Packet Scheduler (PS) and
Resource Manager (RM) are network
based functions, which means that these
algorithms deal with radio resources of
one cell at the same time
Power Control (PC) and Handover
Control (HC) are RRC connection based,
which means that these algorithms deal
with the radio resources of one
connection
PC
HC
Connection based functions
LC
AC
Network based functions
PS
RM
Logical Model Split in Network Architecture
BS
SRNC
DRNC
Iub
Iur
Iu
PC
LC
AC
HC
RM
LC
AC
PC
LC
PS
RM
BS
PC
LC
Iub
Overview of RRM algorithms
Power control (PC) maintains radio link level quality by
adjusting the uplink and downlink powers.
The quality requirements are tried to get with minimum transmission
powers to achieve low interference in radio access network. The basic
functions of WCDMA power control are:
Open loop power control (RACH, FACH)
Fast closed loop power control (DCH)
Outer loop power control
Handover Control (HC) controls the active state mobility of
UE in RAN.
HC maintains the radio link quality and minimises the radio network
interference by optimum cell selection in handovers. The Handover
Control (HC) of the Radio Access Network (RAN) supports the following
handover procedures:
Intra-frequency soft/softer handover
Intra-frequency hard handover
Inter-frequency handover
Inter-system (GSM) handover

Admission Control (AC) decides whether a request to
establish a Radio Access Bearer (RAB) is admitted in the
Radio Access Network (RAN) or not.
Admission control is used to maintain stability and to achieve high
traffic capacity of RAN. The AC algorithm is executed when radio
access bearer is setup or the bearer is modified. The AC measures
take place as well with all kind of handovers.
Load Control (LC) continuously updates the load
information of cells controlled by RNC
Load Control and provides this information to the AC and PS for radio
resource controlling purposes. In overload situations, the LC performs
the recovering actions by using the functionalities of AC, PS and HC.
Packet scheduler (PS) schedules radio resources for NRT
radio access bearers both in uplink and downlink direction.
The traffic load of cell determines the scheduled transmission capacity.
The information of load caused by NRT bearers is determined by PS.
It can be said that PS controls the NRT load when system is not in
overload.
PS also allocates and changes the bitrates of NRT bearers. PS controls
both dedicated and shared channels.

Nokia Wideband Power Based RRM
Nokia RRM has the following principles for the operation of
network based algorithms, admission control, packet scheduler
and load control:
RRM is operating cell basis, i.e. operations are done for a single cell
without taking neighbouring cells into account.
System load is measured based on total averaged power/ interference
in a cell. In uplink it is the total received wideband interference power
(PrxTotal) and in downlink it is the total transmitted power (PtxTotal).
AC, PS and LC operations are based these two measurements.
AC, PS and LC operations are done separately for uplink and downlink.

RRM has the ability to manage cell loading based on the total average
uplink/downlink power, which has the affect of eliminating the cell breathing
due to variations in neighbour cell interference levels.
Base station
measurement
Base station
measurement
Uplink
Uplink
Downlink
Downlink
Total received wideband
power Prxtotal (digital accurate)
Total received wideband
power Prxtotal (digital accurate)
Total transmitted wideband
power Ptxtotal (simple)
Total transmitted wideband
power Ptxtotal (simple)
RRM in RNC
RRM in RNC
Keep load at Prxtarget (max)
Keep load at Prxtarget (max)
Keep load at Ptxtarget (max)
Keep load at Ptxtarget (max)
Flow Chart of the RRM Algorithms
RAB setup/modify/release request
RB information
Resource information
Load change
information
Target FER,
BER and SIR
Load information
Load information
Admission Control
Load change
estimation
RAB admission
decision
DL power allocation
Iu
Packet Scheduler
Radio resource
scheduling
Load Control
Measurements &
Update of load
information
Power Control
UL Outer loop
power control
Handover Control
Active state mobility control

Resource Manager
Radio resource information
Code allocation
Transport resource allocation
Resource request
Active set
information
Agenda
WCDMA Power Budget
WCDMA Codes
WCDMA Channels
WCDMA Channels
3 Different Channels
Radio Resource Control (RRC)
Medium Access Control
(MAC)
Transport channels
Physical layer
C
o
n
t
r
o
l

/

M
e
a
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
Layer 3
Logical channels
Layer 2
Layer 1
Physical
channels
WCDMA Channels
Logical Channels
Logical Channels were created to transmit a specific content such as cell system
information, paging information, or user data. Logical channels are offered as data transfer
service by the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer to the next higher layer. Consequently,
logical channels are in use between the mobile phone and the RNC.
Transport Channels (TrCH)
The MAC layer is using the transport service of the lower lower, the Physical layer. The
MAC layer is responsible to organise the logical channel data on transport channels. This
process is called mapping. In this context, the MAC layer is also responsible to determine
the used transport format. The transport of logical channel data takes place between the
UE and the RNC.
Physical Channels (PhyCH)
The physical layer offers the transport of data to the higher layer. The characteristics of the
physical transport have to be described. When we transmit information between the RNC
and the UE, the physical medium is changing. Between the RNC and the Node B, where
we talk about the interface Iub, the transport of information is physically organised in so-
called Frames.
Between the Node B and the UE, where we find the WCDMA radio interface Uu, the
physical transmission is described by physical channels. A physical channel is defined by
the UARFCN and the a spreading code in the FDD mode.
WCDMA Logical Channel
Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)
Paging Control Channel (PCCH)
Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)
Common Control Channel (CCCH)
Control Channel (CCH)
Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)
Traffic Channel (TCH)
ODMA Dedicated Control Channel (ODCCH)
ODMA Common Control Channel (OCCCH)
ODMA Dedicated Traffic Channel (ODTCH)
Common Traffic Channel (CTCH)
Shared Channel Control Channel (SHCCH)
Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)
A downlink channel for broadcasting system control information.

Control Channel (PCCH) Paging
A downlink channel that transfers paging information. This channel is used when
the network does not know the location cell of the mobile, or, the mobile is in the
cell connected state (utilising UE sleep mode procedures).

Common Control Channel (CCCH)
Bi-directional channel for transmitting control information between network and UEs.
This channel is commonly used by the mobiles having no RRC connection with
the network and by the UEs using common transport channels when accessing
a new cell after cell reselection.

Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)
A point-to-point bi-directional channel that transmits dedicated control information
between a mobile and the network. This channel is established through RRC
connection setup procedure.
Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)
A Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH) is a point-to-point channel, dedicated to
one mobile, for the transfer of user information. A DTCH can exist in both
uplink and downlink.

Common Traffic Channel (CTCH)
A point-to-multipoint unidirectional channel for transfer of dedicated user
information for all or a group of specified mobiles.

Shared Channel Control Channel (SHCCH)
Bi-directional channel that transmits control information for uplink and downlink
shared channels between network and mobiles.
This channel is for TDD only
Logical to Transport Channel Mapping
(Downlink Direction)
Logical Channels
Transport Channels
CCCH
FACH
DCCH / DTCH
DCH
BCCH
BCH
PCCH
PCH
CTCH
DSCH
(Uplink Direction)
Transport Channels
Logical Channels CCCH
RACH
DCCH / DTCH
DCH CPCH
WCDMA Common Transport Channel

BCH Broadcast Channel
The Broadcast Channel (BCH) is a downlink transport channel that is
used to broadcast system- and cell-specific information. The BCH is
always transmitted over the entire cell with a low fixed bit rate.
PCH Paging Channel
The Paging Channel (PCH) is a downlink transport channel. The PCH is
always transmitted over the entire cell. The transmission of the PCH is
associated with the transmission of a physical layer signal, the Paging
Indicator Channel, to support efficient sleep-mode procedures.
FACH Forward Access Channel
The Forward Access Channel (FACH) is a downlink transport channel.
The FACH is transmitted over the entire cell or over only a part of the
cell using beam-forming antennas.
WCDMA Common Transport Channel
RACH Random Access Channel
The Random Access Channel (RACH) is an uplink transport channel.
The RACH is always received from the entire cell. The RACH is
characterised by a limited size data field, a collision risk and by the use
of open loop power control.
CPCH Common Packet Channel
The Common Packet Channel (CPCH) is an uplink transport channel.
The CPCH is a contention based random access channel used for
transmission of bursty data traffic. CPCH is associated with a dedicated
channel on the downlink which provides power control for the uplink
CPCH.
DSCH Downlink Shared Channel
The downlink shared channel (DSCH) is a downlink transport channel
shared by several mobiles. The DSCH is associated with a DCH.
WCDMA Physical Channel
Mapping of Transport Channels on Physical Channel
DOCUMENTTYPE
TypeUnitOrDepartmentHere
TypeYourNameHere TypeDateHere
Transport Channels
DCH
RACH
CPCH
BCH
FACH
PCH
DSCH
Physical Channels
Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH)
Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH)
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH)
Common Pilot Channel (CPICH)
Primary Common Control Physical Channel (P-CCPCH)
Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (S-CCPCH)
Synchronisation Channel (SCH)
Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)
Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH)
Page Indication Channel (PICH)
CPCH Status Indication Channel (CSICH)
Collision Detection/Channel Assignment Indicator Channel (CD/CA-ICH)
WCDMA Physical Channel
BS
UE
CCPCH-1
CCPCH-2
SCH 1 & 2
PDSCH
CPICH
PICH
PCPCH
AICH
PRACH
DPDCH
DPCCH

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1 NOKIA Layer 1.ppt/ 07.12.

00 / Stefano Savioli Company Confidential

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