Biogas Recovery: Regulations and Incentives

Biogas recovery
Regulations and incentives
February 2013
Table of contents
Summary Belgium Bulgaria Czech Republic Finland France Hungary Luxembourg Netherland Norway Poland Romania Slovak Republic Spain Sweden UK US Europe
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1
Summary
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Internal use
Incentives & regulations Synthesis

RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY Feed-in tariff Premiu m tariff Quota system ( green certificates) Subsidy Loan RENEWABLE ENERGY Subsidy Loan BIOMETHANE Biogas injection into grid RENEWABLE HEAT Subsidy WASTE TREATMENT Subsidy
Belgium Bulgaria Czech Republic
Finland
France Hungary Ireland Luxembourg Netherland Norway Poland Romania Slovak Republic Spain Sweden United Kingdom USA
(1)
(1) EOS program for R&D project up to 40% of the investment (risk coverage)
Bulgaria incentive mechanism summary

Incentives for using biogas to produce electricity
according to the type of biogas used Electricity Incentive access Type Price Duration Restrictions
Electricity feed in tariff
purchase tariff
according to the type of biogas used ct 60.90 221,40 per MWh
15 years
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Usage interne
France incentive mechanism summary :

biogas use (1/3)
Incentive access Electricity Electricity feed in tariff Type purchase tariff
Incentives for using biogas to produce electricity and renewable heat

Price 111.9 to 133.7 /MWh Respectivaly for installed capacity 2MW and 150 kW respectivaly 40 /MWh with total energy efficiency 70% 130 /MWh average price for CRE4 with total energy efficiency 60% Subsidy Subsidy rate <60% in 2013 (of over costs 5* profit) : 35% in average Higher than 12 MW Duration 15 years Restrictions Limited to 12 MW. Can be cumulated with biomethane feed-in tariff
+ premium Electricity call to tender (CRE) Renewable heat Heat fund (BCIAT)
> 11.63 GWh/year + only for a selection of projects +not elligible if candidate to CRE 1.16 GWh < x < 11.63 GWh/year
Heat fund (ADEME in regions)
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France summary : biogas use (2/3)

Incentives for using biogas to produce biomethane and injecting it into natural gas network
Incentive access Biomethane
from nonhazardous waste storage facilities
Type purchase tariff
Price Between 4,5 and 9,5 c/kWh GCV respectively for maximum capacity 350 m3/h or 50 m3/h - 100 k / year due to the gas distributor
Duration 15 y
Restrictions Biomethane quality criteria have to be met. Can be cumulated with Feed-in tariff for electricity
Feed in tariff
- Charge for injection into natural gas network
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France summary : biogas use (3/3)

Incentives for using biogas to produce biomethane and injecting it into natural gas network: higher price when from digester
Incentive access Type Price Duration Restrictions
Biomethane
from nonhazardous waste in digester
Feed in tariff
purchase tariff
=Tbase +PI1 p1 + PI2 p2 -Tbase between 6,4 and 9,5 c/kWh GCV respectively for maximum capacity 350 m3/h or 50 m3/h - PI1 = 0.5 c/kWh GCV; - p1 is the % (in t) of local authority waste (not incl. sludge from wastewater treatment stations), household waste and restaurant waste in the facility -Pl2 is between 0,2 and 0,3 c/kWh GCV respectively for maximum capacity 350 m3/h or 50 m3/h -p2 is the %(in t) of products from catch crops grown for energy and from waste or residue from agriculture, forestry, agro-industries - 100 k / year due to the gas distributor
15 y
Biomethane quality criteria have to be met
- Charge for injection
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Hungary incentive mechanism summary

Incentive access Electricity Electricity feed in tariff Type purchase tariff Price Between 34,36 and 117.66 /MWh depending on capacity and time of the day
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Poland incentive mechanism summary

according to the type of biogas used Electricity Incentive access Price Restrictions
Quota system (green certificates) Loan
28.67 EURO per MWh in 2013 year
The quota is a percentage of the total annual amount of electricity sold. must not exceed 75% of the project. The investment must exceed 2.5 m .
Electricity & Biomethane
The amount of loan may be 1-12.5 m
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Slovakia incentive mechanism summary 1/2

according to the type of biogas used Electricity Incentive access Type Price Duration Restrictions
Electricity feed in tariff
purchase tariff
according to the type of biogas used ct 9.308 13.987 per kWh
3 years
Only systems whose total capacity does not exceed 125 MW are eligible
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Slovakia incentive mechanism summary 2/2

according to the type of biogas used Renewable energy Incentive access Type Price Duration Restrictions
"Increasing efficiency in energy production and consumption and providing progressive energy technologies" "Innovation and technology transfer"
Subsidy
De-minimis scheme: The subsidy must be at least EUR 20,000 and no higher than EUR 200,000 The subsidy must be at least EUR 60,000 and no higher than EUR 6 m
2 years
Only small systems whose capacity does not exceed 2 MW are eligible
3 years
Only systems that generate between 50 kW and 30MW are eligible
Subsidy II (Bratisla va region only)
De-minimis scheme: The maximum subsidy is EUR 20,000 per project.
De-minimis scheme: Only small systems whose capacity does not exceed 5 MW are eligible State aid scheme: Only systems that generate between 5 kW and 10MW are eligible
State aid scheme: The maximum subsidy is EUR 660,000 per project and shall not exceed 55% of the eligible costs.
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2
Belgium regulations & incentives
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Belgium/ National
Electricity
Quota system
In Belgium, the main means of support is a quota system based on quota obligations, tradable certificates and minimum prices. The trade of certificates is subject to federal legislation, while the quota obligations are defined in regional regulations. Electricity suppliers shall present evidence that they have supplied a certain quota of renewable energy determined by the region (Wallonia, Flanders, and Brussels Capital) to their final consumers. To this aim, electricity suppliers are obliged to acquire green certificates. The competent regulatory authority issues one certificate per MWh of offshore electricity. The federal grid operator is obliged to purchase green certificates from all the generators that have applied for the sale of electricity at a minimum price so that the sale of a certain minimum amount of electricity can be guaranteed. The green certificates allocated to offshore plants by the federal regulatory authority have a validity of five years.
Sources : RES-Legal website Belgium Quota System (National, Wallonia, Flanders Feed-in-tariff, 02/02/2012
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Belgium/ Brussels
Electricity
Green certificates : only for electricity production (no incentive for heat)
Green certificates are allocated by the Brussels regulatory authority. For biogaz, the amount of green certificate is calculated on a case-by-case basis and depends on the size and type of plant.
The number of certificates depends on the amount of electricity generated (in kWh). One certificate is issued for every MWh divided by the amount of CO2 saved. For biogas CHP, its start from one certificate if you dont recover the thermal energy and it can go easily to max. two certificates/MWh if you recover energy.
Green certificates have a validity of 5 years and eligibility for green certificates ceases after 15 years. Minimum price per green certificate is EUR 65. Current market price is 85 /certificate. Fees and penalty charges: If a grid operator does not meet its quota, it shall pay a fine of EUR 100 per missing certificate.
From 65/MWh to 170 /MWh
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Belgium/ Wallonia
Electricity
Green certificates : only for electricity production (no incentive for heat)
Green certificates are allocated by the Walloon regulatory authority. For biogas, the amount of green certificate is calculated on a case-by-case basis and depends on the size and type of plant. The number of certificates depends on the amount of electricity generated (in kWh). One certificate is issued for every MWh divided by the amount of CO2 saved. For biogas CHP, its start from one certificate if you dont recover the thermal energy and it can go easily to max. two certificates/MWh if you recover energy. Green certificates have a validity of 5 years and eligibility for green certificates ceases after 15 years. Minimum price per green certificate is EUR 65. Current market price is 65 /certificate. Fees and penalty charges: If a grid operator does not meet its quota, it shall pay a fine of EUR 100 per missing certificate.
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Belgium/ Flanders
Electricity
Green certificates (1)
Both biogas from biogas plants and landfill, digester and sewage gas are eligible. 1 certificate is equal to 1 MWh of electricity from renewable sources . The grid operators are obliged to meet their quota obligations. The persons benefiting from the quota system are the operators of renewable energy systems, as they may sell their green certificates to the grid operators at a guaranteed price. The minimum price per certificate depends on the technology used. Furthermore, the minimum price varies according to the date on which a system is put into operation. Systems put into operation prior to 01.01.2010 Biogas plant Landfill gas/sewage gas Digester gas 80 per certificate 80 per certificate 100 per certificate Systems put into operation after 01.01.2010 90 per certificate 60 per certificate 100 per certificate Systems put into operation from 01.01.2012 90 per certificate 60 per certificate 110 per certificate
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Belgium/ Flanders
Electricity
Green certificates (2) Fees and penalty charges
Start of obligation period 31.03.2012 31.03.2013 After 31.03.2013 Fine 125 per missing certificate 118 per missing certificate 100 per missing certificate
Green certificates have a validity of 4 years and eligibility for green certificates ceases after 10 Years.
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3
Bulgaria regulations & incentives
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Bulgaria 1/2
Electricity
Feed-in tariff
The feed-in tariff applies to producers of electricity from renewable sources included biogas who export their electricity to the public grid. System operators are contractually entitled against the grid operator to the purchase and transmission of all electricity from renewable sources supplied .
Feed-in tarif The period of the obligation to purchase: 15 years Biogas from plant and animal waste, depending on the system capacity Biogas from household waste, depending on the system capacity Biogas from household wastewater, depending on the system capacity 171,3 221,4 /MWh 124,8 135 /MWh 60,9 80,8 /MWh
Sources: RES-Legal website Bulgaria Feed-in-tariff, 27/12/2011
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Bulgaria 2/2
Electricity
The system capacity:
Power plants with indirect use of biogas from vegetable and animal up to 500kW Power plants with indirect use of biogas from vegetable and animal between 500-1000 kW Power plants with indirect use of biogas from vegetable and animal between 1500-5000 kW CHP plants with indirect use of biogas from vegetable and animal between 1000-5000 kW Power plants working of inderect utilization of domestic waste energy up to 150kW Power plants working of inderect utilization of domestic waste energy between 150-500kW Power plants working of inderect utilization of domestic waste energy between 500-5000kW Power plants with inderect utilization of the energy from domestic waste water up to 150kW Power plants with inderect utilization of the energy from domestic waste water between 150-1000kW Power plants with inderect utilization of the energy from domestic waste water between 1000-5000kW Power plants without combined cycle operated by thermal gasification of biogas and/or biodegradable fractions of industrial and domestic wastes up to 5 000kW Power plants with combined cycle operated by thermal gasification of biogas and/or biodegradable fractions of industrial and domestic wastes up to 5 000kW Power plants without combined cycle operated by thermal gasification of biogas and/or biodegradable fractions of industrial and domestic wastes over 5 000kW Power plants with combined cycle operated by thermal gasification of biogas and/or biodegradable fractions of industrial and domestic wastes over 5 000kW EUR/MWh 221.3 207.4 171.4 178.2 134.9 129.4 124.7 80.8 67.5 61.0 199.8 219.6 194.5 214.3
Sources: RES-Legal website Bulgaria Feed-in-tariff, 27/12/2011
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4
Czech Republc regulations & incentives
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Czech Republic
Electricity generation from biogas

In the Czech Republic the Energy Regulation Office (ERU) determines each year the prices for electricity generation from biogas. According to the price decision for year 2012, two mechanisms are available:
Feed-in tariff
a feed-in tariff guarantees the price of the electricity sold by the producer to the power distribution operator. To be able to enforce their claim for the feed-in tariff, producers are obliged to conclude an agreement with the distribution operator. Feed-in price for electricity generation from biogas: approx. 105 168 /MWh, the amount of tariff varies according to the date on which the plant was put into operation. Eligibility period: 15 years.
Premium tariff (green bonus)

Power producers may decide that the electricity they generate should be supported through bonus payments of a statutorily set amount per MWh. Operators of renewable energy systems receive this bonus on top of the regular market price of electricity. Operators that generate renewable electricity for their own consumption only are also entitled to the payment of a bonus. Premium tariff for electricity generation from biogas: approx. 62 125 /MWh. Eligibility period: 15 years. Power producer may choose between a guaranteed feed-in tariff and a green bonus once per year
Sources: RES-Legal website Czech Republic Feed-in-tariff, 27/12/2011
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Czech Republic
Electricity
Feed-in prices and green premiums for combustion of biogas, landfill gas and sewer gas (Energy Regulation Office (ERU) price decision for 2012)
Type of renewable resource Feed-in price of electricity supplied to the grid EUR/MWh Combustion of biogas in biogas plants AF1 category (*) Combustion of biogas in biogas plants AF2 category (*) Combustion of landfill gas and sewer gas from water treatment plants put into operation after 1.1.2006 Combustion of landfill gas and sewer gas from water treatment plants put into operation from 1.1.2004 till 31.12.2006 Combustion of landfill gas and sewer gas from water treatment plants put into operation before 1.1.2004 168 145 105 Green premiums EUR/MWh 125 102 62,4
118,7
75,9
123
80,4
(*) Biogas plants of AF1 and AF2 categories put into operation after 1.1.2012 shall comply to a minimal energy efficiency condition (heat production should account for at least 10% of produced electricity
ERU published in October 2012 his proposal of the new prices for 2013 shows a slight increase of green bonuses and no changes in feed-in price. AF1 biogas plants launched after 1.1.2012 and that cannot meet minimal energy efficiency conditions will benefit from lower feed-in price and green premiums similar to AF2 bioplants. This proposal has not been approved so far.
Sources: COGEN Czech, Lubo Nedvdick
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Czech Republic
Grants and loans for investments in biogas

The Operational Programme Enterprise and Innovations gives entrepreneurs the opportunity to apply for investment grants (see EKO ENERGIE) or low-interest loans (see PROGRES) funded by the ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) for renewable energy projects under calls for applications. Biogas is eligible. A given project may not receive both a loan and a subsidy. EKO ENERGIE (for all private companies)
Amount: The minimum subsidy is 20 000 euros. The maximum subsidy is a certain percentage of the eligible costs. It differs according to the region and size of the applicant and must not exceed 4 m .
PROGRES (for Small and Medium enterprises only)

Amount: The maximum loan is 0,8 m . The interest rate is fixed at 3% per year. The loans have duration of up to 15 years. The amount of loan must not exceed 75% of the estimated eligible project costs.
The Operational Programme "Environment" allocates investment grants from the Cohesion Fund to projects in the field of renewable energy under calls for applications. Biogas is eligible for public or non profit entities. The Programme for Rural Development supports biogas plants financing with grants amounting to 30 to 60% of investments according to the region and size od the applicant.
These programmes have no more financial resources due to the end of 20072013 programming period. New programmes will be set up in 2014.
Sources: RES-Legal website Czech Republic Feed-in-tariff, 27/12/2011
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5
Finland regulations & incentives
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Finland
Electricity, renewable energy, biomethane

Electricity: Premium tariff
The generators of electricity from wind, biogas and biomass receive a variable premium feed-in tariff on top of the wholesale electricity price for a period of 12 years. Biogas is eligible: Only new plants, Landfill gas and municipal plants excluded Amount: The payment is variable and depends on the market price. The sum of the market price and the premium feed-in tariff is the fixed target price. For this reason, the premium feed-in tariff is equal to the difference between the target price and the average market price of the previous three months. However, if market price falls below 30 per MWh, the target price will be reduced by 30 Target price 83.5 /MWh+ 50 /MWh heat bonus if 50 % total efficiency is obtained =133.5 /MWh. The nominal capacity of the power generator must be at least 100 kVA (~85 kWe) Plants can be included in the feed-in-tariff scheme for 12 years Biogas plants can be accepted to the feed-in tariff scheme until 19 MW capacity
Renewable energy: subsidy

The maximum subsidy is 40% for investment projects in the construction of biogas plants
Biomethane:
authorization for injected biomethane into the grid
Sources : Biogas in Filand - Situation report - Dr. Outi Pakarinen (Jyvskyl innovation - IEA Bioenergy Task 37), 15/5/2012, RES-Legal website Finland Premium Tariff, 13/10/2011
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6
France regulations & incentives
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France
Double value of the biogas
The new system of Feb. 28, 2013 allows producers to simultaneously enhance biogas production in the form of electricity and as biomethane injected into the natural gas networks, giving them the dual benefit of existing support mechanisms for the production of electricity from biogaz (fee obligation to purchase) and the production of biomethane injected (guaranteed purchase price).
Source : Journal Officiel Communiqu de presse Ministre de lcologie, du Dveloppement durable et de lnergie
29
France
Electricity
Electricity purchase tariffs for biogas facilities (1)
In case of mix of energy used in biogas facilities, non renewable energy shall not exceed 15% of primary energy consumed by the facility
Calculation of electricity purchase tariff
Conditions: For biogas facilities (except non-hazardous waste storage facilities (ie landfill)) Duration: 15 years, Limited to 12 MW
Maximum installed capacity Pmax 150 kW Pmax = 300 kW Value (/MWh) 133.7 126.7
Pmax = 500 kW
Pmax = 1000 kW Pmax = 2000 kW Energy efficiency premium (not incl. digester heating) Total energy efficiency 35% Total energy efficiency 70%
121.8
116.8 111.9 Value (/MWh) (intermediate values are defined by linear interpolation) 0 40
Source: ministerial order of 19 May 2011 - Official Gazette of the French Republic, 21 May 2011
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France
Electricity
Electricity purchase tariffs for biogas facilities (2) Formula for calculating energy efficiency: V = Eth + E elec 0.97 * Ep Where: Eth is thermal energy recovered by means other than the production of electricity, private consumption (1) or transformation of feedstock. When calculating V, we take into account only thermal energy which fuels an activity consuming the heat produced at the same time as the facility or is used in replacement of thermal energy from fossil fuels (coal, gas, oil and their derivatives) Eelec is the net electricity produced, i.e. total electrical production minus the electricity consumption of secondary equipment Ep is the primary energy in NCV of the biogas entering the production facility.
Source: ministerial order of 19 May 2011 - Official Gazette of the French Republic, 21 May 2011
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France
Subsidy:
CRE tenders
Electricity
CRE4 included biogas but no project has been proposed. In case of mix of energy used, non renewable energy should not exceed 15% of primary energy consumed by the facility in CRE4 Guaranteed electricity purchase price P > official purchase tariff for contract of duration 20 years : P = Pb (base price 115) +20+ (100*V - 60), average price of electricity is 130 /MWh for CRE4 for high installed capacities: > 12 MW for CRE4 global efficiency(V) 60 % (V = Eth + E elec )
Ep
Source: France Report - ADEME April 2012, CRE
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France
Subsidy:
Waste fund:
Waste treatment for biogas production

Created by ADEME as an incentive for investments in waste management, especially methanization facilities Maximum assistance is 10 million euros, with maximum assistance rate of 30%
Source: France Report - ADEME April 2012
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France
Subsidy:
Heat fund:
Renewable heat
Created by ADEME For facilities storing and burning biogas (not including CHP) Investment in the transport of biogas to energy recovery plants located on industrial or local authority sites Creation or extension of heating network Other equipment used in the case of recovery by injection into the natural gas network
The heat fund in two flavours:

for industrial facilities of > 11.63 GWh/year: BCIAT (Biomass-Heat-Industry-AgricultureTertiary) project funding: launched every year, with winning projects selected by ADEME
Average grant rate of 35% for BCIAT On average over the last 3 years (2009-2011) ADEME granted 390/toe RNE or 19 /toe over 20 years (source : ADEME)
for industrial facilities of 1.16 GWh < x < 11.63 GWh/year: aid managed by ADEME
Source: France Report - ADEME April 2012
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France-biomethane
Authorized feedstock:
Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (1/9)

Household and similar waste in facilities for the storage of non-hazardous waste Non-hazardous waste in digester: biowaste or household waste, organic waste from agriculture (livestock effluent and vegetable waste), restaurant waste, organic waste from agri-food industry and other agro-industries. Agricultural produce in digester Feedstock from other industries (e.g: chemical and pulp and paper industries) and municipal water waste treatment plant arenot authorized
Guaranteed origin
Biomethane injected into the natural gas networks may qualify for a guaranteed origin declaration, at the request of the purchaser of the biomethane. One guaranteed origin declaration is issued per unit of energy injected, set at 1 MWh Requests should indicate certain information, including: The quantity of biomethane injected, in MWh, during the period for which the guaranteed origin declaration request is filed The production technique and the type of feedstock used for the production of the biomethane. Each guarantee may be used once only Guarantees of origin are valid for 24 months Guarantees of origin may be exchanged
Source: Ministerial order of 23 November 2011 establishing the nature of feedstock for the production of biomethane to be injected into natural gas networks Decree no. 2011-1596 of 21 November 2011
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France-Biomethane

Compensation of public service costs for the purchase of biomethane
Because the purchase price of biomethane (see slides 44 & 45) is currently higher than that of natural gas, a compensation system has been introduced as is the case with electricity derived from renewable energy sources. Every year, the Commission for Energy Regulation sets a unit contribution in c/kWh consumed for end clients for the following year. The contributions, which the suppliers receive, are paid into a compensation fund that is managed by Frances Caisse des Dpts et Consignations.This body then pays the suppliers compensation for the additional costs generated through the purchase of biomethane.It should be pointed out that 75% of the money received by the suppliers for the guarantees of origin will also be paid into the compensation fund.
Source: Dcret du 21Novembre 2011
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France-Biomethane

Guarantees of origin and compensation for extra costs
Producer of biomethane (e.g.:Dalkia)
Guarantee of origin (1/MWh): acquisition
cost to be determined
Purchaser of biomethane and supplier of biomethane via the grid (e.g.: GRdF)
End consumer
Green gas offering including assessment of guarantees of origin and compensation for public service costs, paid through a contribution to the compensation fund managed by the caisse des dpts et consignation
The suppliers pay contributions into a compensation fund that is managed by Frances Caisse des Dpts et ConsignationsThis body then pays the suppliers compensation from the additional costs
Compensation for extra costs borne by the suppliers of natural gas for the purchase of biomethane injected and paid by the caisse des dpts et consignations = + difference between acquisition cost of biomethane and average price of natural gas + additional management costs arising from biomethane - With deduction of financial assessments of guarantees of origin
Caisse des dpts et consignation

37
France-biomethane

Conditions for establishing contracts between producers of biomethane and suppliers of natural gas
To qualify for special conditions of purchase, applicants must send a signed and dated request, by registered mail, to the departmental prefect in which the production site is located. Requests should include the following information: The production, storage and cleansing techniques used The nature of the feedstock used The maximum biomethane production capacity of the facility (in m3(n)/h) and the estimated annual potential output (kWh GCV) in normal operating conditions The prefect will issue a decision within two months New facilities whose principal elements for the production, cleansing and storage of biogas and biomethane have never been used for producing biogas or biomethane for self-consumption or as part of a previous purchase agreement are entitled to apply for purchase agreements. The purchase agreement has a duration of 15 years
Source: Decree no. 2011-1597 of 21 November 2011 on requirements for contracts between producers of biomethane and suppliers of natural gas
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France-biomethane
The biomethane producer and the network manager sign:
A connection agreement
An injection agreement: specifying the financial conditions for the services of the network manager concerning on the one hand the operation and maintenance of the injection facility, including gas quality control and measurement of injected quantities and on the other, the operation of the network carrying the injected biomethane. The injection rate must be appropriate to the networks absorption capacity at all times. The producer should install a load shedding system to cope with unsuitable injection rates or unacceptable gas quality. This load shedding system may not emit biomethane directly into the atmosphere. A charge injection of approximately 100 k / year is due to the gas distributor
Conditions of sale of biomethane to natural gas producers: on any given site, a biomethane producer may only sell biomethane to a single buyer
Source: Decree no. 2011-1597 of 21 November 2011 on requirements for contracts between producers of biomethane and suppliers of natural gas/ Direction Technique
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France-biomethane
Energy efficiency conditions

Conditions of purchase of biomethane injected into the natural gas networks
Energy needs related with the heating of the digester in methanization facilities and the cleansing of biogas and oxidation of vent pipes in all facilities are not met by fossil fuel energy. Energy needs related to the heating of the digester in a methanization facility are met by the energy produced by the biogas or biomethane produced by the facility or by the residual thermal energy from existing equipment (residual or waste heat). The power consumption of the treatment system and, where applicable, the treatment of vent pipes is lower than 0.6 kWhPE/m3(n) of treated biogas. The treatment system comprises desulfurization, decarbonation and drying units, whether they are separated during the treatment process or not. The above requirements do not apply during the start-up and re-start-up of the facility.
Source: ministerial order of 23 November 2011 establishing the conditions for the purchase of biomethane injected into natural gas networks
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France-Biomethane

Each network owner can have its specific technical recommendation Exemple: GrDF technical recommendations for injected biomethane
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France-biomethane

Conditions of purchase of biomethane injected into the natural gas networks Biomethane from non-hazardous waste storage facilities
MAXIMUM CAPACITY of production

Equal to or lower than 50 m3/h
TISDND (ISDND=non-hazardous waste storage facility) (in c/kWh GCV)

9.5
Between 50 and 350 m3/h

Equal to or greater than 350 m3/h
Linear interpolation between 9.5 and 4.5

4.5
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France-biomethane

Conditions of purchase of biomethane injected into the natural gas networks For other facilities, the applicable tariff is: T base + PI
- TBASE is a function of the maximum biomethane production capacity, as defined in the table below:
Maximum production capacity (C) 50 m3/h 50 <C<100 m3/h 100 <C<150 m3/h 150 < C< 200 m3/h 200 < C<250 m3/h 250 < C <300 m3/h 300 < C<350 m3/h C 350 m3/h TBASE (in c/kWh GCV) 9.5 Linear interpolation between 9.5 and 8.65 Linear interpolation between 8.65 and 7.8 Linear interpolation between 7.8 and 7.3 Linear interpolation between 7.3 and 6.8 Linear interpolation between 6.8 and 6.6 Linear interpolation between 6.6 and 6.4 6.4
PI is the premium function of the feedstock used. It is equal to: PI = PI1 p1 + PI2 p2 PI1 = 0.5 c/kWh GCV; p1 is the proportion (in tonnes) of local authority waste (not including sludge from wastewater treatment stations), household waste and similar and restaurant waste in the facilitys total feedstock, calculated annually. PI2 is defined in the table below Maximum production capacity (C) PI2* (/MWh GCV)
C 50 m3/h 30
50 < C < 350 m3/h

C 350 m3/h
Linear interpolation between 30 and 20

20
p2 is the proportion (in tonnes) of products from catch crops grown for energy and from waste or residue from agriculture, forestry, the agri-food industry and other agro-industries in the facilitys total feedstock, calculated annually.
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ICPE regulations - France

ICPE regulation no. 2781, which specifically addreses methanization, has been in effect since October 2009. ICPE 2781 applies to facilities for the methanization of non-hazardous waste and raw plant matter, with the exception of facilities for the methanization of wastewater and sewage sludge where methanization occurs on the site of production. Biogas combustion is addressed by ICPE 2910 C, in the case of facilities exclusively consuming biogas from facilities subject to ICPE 2781-1.
Tonnage of substrate < 30 tonnes /day 30-50 tonnes/day > 50 tonnes /day Regime for methanization facilities Declaration Registration Authorization Regime for combustion facilities with maximum thermal output greater than 0.1 MW: Declaration Registration Authorization
Time
Source: ATTE/Club biogaz
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Internal use
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7
Hungary regulations & incentives
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Internal use
45
Hungary
Feed-in tariff:
Electricity
Electricity generated from biogas is promoted through a price-regulation system based on feed-in tariffs. There are three different tariff rates depending on the time of day (peak time, mid-peak time, off-peak time). The tariff level also depends on a system's installed capacity and the generation technology employed. The eligibility period is set out in the implementing decrees and shall not exceed the pay-off period of the system. Renewable energy sources shall mean renewable non-fossil and nonnuclear energy sources (solar, wind, geothermal, wave, tidal, hydropower, biomass, and energy sources produced directly or indirectly from biomass, as well as landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas and biogases) For systems put in place prior 01/01/2008 and for old facilities (in production for at least 5 years before eligibility request), the applied feed-in tariff is the one for C 50MW in the following table.
Feed in tariff (/MWh) for systems put in place after 01/01/2008
Installed peak time capacity ( C) 6AM-10PM winter

7AM-11PM summer
mid-peak time
10PM-1:30 AM & 5AM-6AM winter 6AM-1:30AM winter week-end 11PM-2:30AM & 6AM-7AM summer 7AM-2:30AM week-end summer 105.28 84.25
off-peak time
1:30AM-5AM winter 1:30AM-6AM winter week-end 2:30AM-6AM summer 2:30AM-7AM summer week-end 42.97 34.36
C 20MW 20< C <50 MW
117.66 94.09
C 50MW
73.17
46.82
07/06/2013
46.82
Usage interne
Source:RES-Legal website Hungary Feed-in-tariff, 16/01/2012
46
8
Luxembourg regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
47
Luxembourg
Electricity: Feed-in tariff
Electricity, renewable heat

Electricity from renewable sources included biogas is promoted through a price regulation system based on a feed-in tariff under the following conditions: Biogas systems are eligible only if they were commissioned after 1st January 2007 and renewed or extended thereafter to increase their output by at least 20% Systems shall generate less than 2,500 kW Renewed or extended biogas stations are entitled to 20 years of feed-in tariff
System size 0 to 150 kW 151 to 300 kW 301 to 500 kW 501 to 2500 kW Feed-in tariff (n = year of start up) 150 x (1-(n-2008) x 0,25/100) /MWh 140 x (1-(n-2008) x 0,25/100) /MWh 130 x (1-(n-2008) x 0,25/100) /MWh 120 x (1-(n-2008) x 0,25/100) /MWh
For biogas, the producer gets an extra 30 euros per MWh sold heat if certain conditions are fulfilled : first years : recover 25% and from 4th year : 50% of the heat
Electricity: Subsidy
Companies investing in renewable electricity generation are eligible for investment grants. Grants may cover up to 45% of the additional costs arising from the use of renewable energy as compared to non-renewable sources. The grant may increase by 20 % for small enterprises and by 10 % for medium-sized enterprises
Source: http://entreprises.myenergy.lu/techniques-etoutils/energies-renouvelables-les-tarifs-dinjection/
07/06/2013
Usage interne
48
Luxembourg
Biogas: Feed-in tariff
The price is in MWh HHV
Conditions First injection before 1/01/2012 First injection before 1/01/2014
Biogas injection to the gas grid
Feed-in tariff 65 /MWh HHV 62,5 /MWh HHV 60 /MWh HHV
First injection from 1/01/2014 and before 1/01/2017
Link to the legislation : http://www.legilux.public.lu/leg/a/archives/2011/0269/a269.pdf#page=2
Source: http://entreprises.myenergy.lu/techniques-etoutils/energies-renouvelables-les-tarifs-dinjection/
07/06/2013
Usage interne
49
9
Netherland regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
50
Netherland
Electricity and heat from biogas, biomethane

Green electricity, heat and gas from biomass digestion or combustion : Premium tariff
The SDE+ (Subsidies Duurzame Energie) scheme grants a bonus payment to the producers of renewable energy to compensate for the difference between the wholesale price of electricity from fossil fuels and the price of electricity from renewable sources. The bonus for biogas is granted for a period of 12 to 15 years depending on the energy system, and recalculated every year to avoid windfall effects via a correction price.
Calls for projects are organized in successive phases, all over the year (5 phases in 2012) provided that the yearly envelope is not totally allocated within the previous phases; The SDE+ budget in 2013 is 3 Billion. Each phase is characterised by a maximum cost of production (without subsidy). The subsidy mechanism is granting first (in time) the projects which are the less capital intensive and then demand low /MWh or /m3. Biogas: Eligible within a specific category of energy solution See tables for green electricity, heat and gas from biomass digestion or combustion Funding is provided for a maximum of hours/year (maximum subsidy/year=max h/a x XXX MW)
http://www.agentschapnl.nl/sites/default/files/bijlagen/Maak%20kennis %20met%20de%20SDE%202012.pdf
Source: RES-Legal website Netherland Feed-in-Tariff, 29/10/2011
07/06/2013
Usage interne
51
Netherland
Electricity and heat from biogas, biomethane

In 2011, the SDE+ scheme was opened up to green gas hubs: this therefore enabled various producers of raw biogas to jointly supply the natural gas network with biomethane In 2012, the SDE+ scheme was also opened up to biogas hubs. These are able to jointly produce heat, or electricity and heat from raw biogas. For installations connected to a hub, a single form of energy production is eligible. The production of heat and electricity by a combined heat and power installation is considered a single form of energy. It is not possible to combine various different forms of energy: digesters with a subsidy for heat do not get any subsidies for the production of biogas digesters with a subsidy for biogas do not get any subsidies for the production of heat.
07/06/2013
Usage interne
52
Netherland
Biogas feed in tarif (/m3)
Biomethane
Netherland
Electricity & heat from biogas feed in tariff (/GJ)
Netherland
Electricity & heat from biogas feed in tariff (/GJ)
07/06/2013
Usage interne
55
10
Norway regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
56
Norway
Electricity, renewable energy

Electricity: Green certificates
The government requires that all buyers of electricity must buy a certain share of renewables. The producers of renewable electricity receive green certificates for every kWh they produce. This creates a market with demand and supply of green certificates, and the price for the green certificates will be set in this market. The value of a certificate is around 20 /MWh
Renewable heat: Subsidy

The Norwegian government established in 2001 a fund for investment support to EE&RES projects. The fund is operated by the state owned company Enova. Approved EE&RES projects are given an investment support in average 20 % of total investments. During 10 years (2001-2011), Enova funded projects represent 15,5 TWh/year (sum of EE and RES). Possible to cumulate with green certificates
Sources : Promotion of energy efficiiency and renewable energy experiences from Norway Nork Energi, 28 April 2011
07/06/2013
Usage interne
57
11
Poland regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
58
Poland
Electricity
Quota system (green certificates)
The Energy Law Act obliges electricity suppliers to end-users to fulfil a certain quota of green certificates (certificates of origin). As an alternative, the companies may pay a fee. Satisfying neither of these obligations carries a penalty. Electricity producers may also sell their electricity on the market or offer it to an electricity supplier at last year's market price. Electricity generators subject to the quota system may receive grants and subsidies. In order to provide evidence for the fulfilment of the quota, companies shall present certificates of origin/ green certificates . The regulatory authority awards these certificates for electricity from renewable energy to the system operators. Certificates of origin are transferable and may either be acquired by generating electricity from renewable energy or purchased from other producers, but the Act does not stipulate that certificates can be traded on an international basis.
The quota is a percentage of the total annual amount of electricity sold. The quota has been fixed until 2017 and amounts to:
Year Quota 2010 10.4% 2011 10.4% 2012 10.4% 2013 12% 2014 13% 2015 14% 2016 15% 2017 16%
There is no minimum price per certificate

Source : RES-Legal Poland Quota System, 12/10/2011
07/06/2013
Usage interne
59
Poland
Electricity:Loans
Electricity, biomethane
The National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management grants low-interest loans to environmentally sustainable projects. This definition also covers projects involving renewable electricity generation from biogas. The total budget for the support programme for renewable energy and combined heat and power for 2009-2012 is 370 m . The amount of loan may be 1-12.5 m but must not exceed 75% of the project. The investment must exceed 2.5 m .
Biomethane
Biogas can be upgraded to biomethane and injected into a gas grid.
Source : RES-Legal Poland Quota System, 12/10/2011, www.ipieo.pl
07/06/2013
Usage interne
60
12
Romania regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
61
Romania
Electricity
Quota system (green certificates) (1)
The Electricity Law establishes the legal framework for the introduction of a quota system to promote electricity from renewable sources and stipulates the rights and obligations of the persons involved. Law obliges electricity suppliers and producers to present a certain number of green certificates.The failure to satisfy this obligation carries a penalty. Systems put into operation after 01.01.2004 cease to be eligible after 15 years . Biogas systems that have already been used for electricity generation within the territory of another state or were in operation on Romanian territory before the Law came into effect become ineligible after 7 years. The operators of biogas systems are eligible for green certificates only if they present certificates of origin for the biogas. Amount of the quota: The percentage of electricity from renewable sources to be delivered is as follows:
Year Quota 2013 14% 2014 15% 2015 16% 2016 17% 2017 18% 2018 19% 2019 19,5% 2020 20%
Law 220/2008 art.4 & Government Emergency Ordinance 88 / 2011
Source: RES-Legal website Roumania , 13/12/2011
07/06/2013
Usage interne
62
Romania
Electricity
Quota system (green certificates) (2)
The number of green certificates issued depends on the technology used: Biogas for energy generation: 1 certificate per MWh of electricity generated ; Highly efficient
CHP plants based on the above-mentioned renewable energy sources receive one additional certificate
Gas produced from anaerobic digestion of waste and sewage sludge: 1 certificate per MWh of electricity generated . Highly efficient CHP plants based on anaerobic digestion receive one additional
certificate. Systems based on anaerobic digestion that use biomass from energy crops are also eligible for one additional certificate per MWh of electricity generated Government Emergency Ordinance 88 / 2011
Minimum price per certificate: The amount of subsidy corresponds to the price per certificate achieved in the market. During the years 2008-2025 the transaction value of one green certificate will be at least 27 Euros and at maximum 55 Euros. The certificate price will not differ according to the technology employed. Fees and penalty: If a supplier (or a producer) fails to meet the annual quota, he will be obliged to purchase the missing certificates at a higher price of 110 Euros each. Certificates may be traded on the international market only if the applicable national quota for green certificates has been met. Romania may participate in joint projects for renewable electricity generation with other member states of the European Union to reach its renewable energy targets.
Source: RES-Legal website Roumania 13/12/2011
07/06/2013
Usage interne
63
13
Slovak Republic regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
64
Slovak Republic
Electricity (1/3)
Feed-in tariff (1)
In the Slovak Republic, electricity from renewable sources is promoted mainly through price regulation based on the obligation to purchase electricity and pay a fixed feed-in tariff. The feed-in tariff consists of the price for electricity to cover grid losses and an additional payment of the difference between the price for electricity to cover grid losses and the fixed feed-in tariff Only systems whose total capacity does not exceed 125 MW are eligible Only systems whose total installed capacity does not exceed 10 MW are eligible for the additional payment
Systems whose total installed capacity exceeds 10 MW are eligible for a payment of the proportion of 10 MW to the total installed. All electricity produced above the maximum installed capacity of 10 will be purchased at the price for electricity to cover grid.
Biogas, landfill gas, sewage gas and bio-methane are eligible.
Source: RES-Legal website Slovak Republic 13/12/2011
07/06/2013
Usage interne
65
Slovakia
Feed-in tariff (2)
Electricity 2/3
Amount: according to the type of biogas used ct 9.308 13.987 per kWh
Green electricity tarifs for instalations put into operation after 1.1.2013: a) from water with installed capacity: up to 1 Mwe from 1 Mwe up to 5 Mwe over 5 Mwe b) photovoltaics up to 100 kWe placed on the roof c) wind energy d) geothermal energy e) combustion or cocombustion in cogeneration mode 1. dedicated plantations 2. waste biomass 3. straw 4. bioliquids f) cofiring of comunal biomass with fosil fuels without cogeneration condition g) from combustion 1. savage gas or waste dump gas 2. biogas by anaerobic fermentation up to 1MWe 3. biogas by anaerobic fermentation over 1MWe 4. thermochemical gasification 5. fermented mixture of biological waste Combustion of biomethane in cogeneration up to 125MW=1,15xbiogas up to 1MWe 109,8 97,98 61,72 119,11 79,29 /MWh /MWh /MWh /MWh /MWh
190,51 /MWh 112,24 122,64 154,27 115,01 /MWh /MWh /MWh /MWh
123,27 /MWh 84,89 /MWh 134,08 /MWh 118,13 /MWh 149,87 /MWh 144,88 /MWh 154,192 /MWh
07/06/2013
Usage interne
66
Slovak Republic
Electricity (3/3)
Feed-in tariff (3)
The feed-in tariff applicable in the year in which a given system is put into operation will apply for the entire obligation period. The feed-in tariff for new systems is guaranteed for three years and shall not be lower than 90% of the tariff previously applicable. The tariff level will decrease if the project is co-funded by the government:
Government grant of 30% of the purchase cost: reduction by 4%. Government grant of up to 40% of the purchase cost: reduction by 8%. Government grant of up to 50% of the purchase cost: reduction by 12%. Government grant of more than 50% of the purchase cost: reduction by 16%. The tariff level will not be subject to reduction where the government grant was used for measures to achieve the required emission limits.
07/06/2013
Usage interne
67
Slovak Republic
Subsidy I
Renewable energy
Measure 2.1 "Increasing efficiency in energy production and consumption and providing progressive energy technologies" of the Operational Programme Competitiveness and Economic Growth of the European Structural Fund gives enterprises the opportunity to apply for investment grants for renewable energy projects. Grants are awarded through calls for applications under either the deminimis scheme or the state aid scheme Biogas eligible with the following restrictions:
Amount
De-minimis scheme: The subsidy must be at least EUR 20,000 and no higher than EUR 200,000. The eligibility period is 24 months. State aid scheme: The subsidy must be at least EUR 60,000 and no higher than EUR 6 m. The eligibility period is 36 months. In the regions of Central Slovakia (Stredn Slovensko) and Eastern Slovakia (Vchodn Slovensko): the total amount of both schemes shall not exceed 50% of the eligible project costs In Western Slovakia (Zpadn Slovensko) it shall not exceed 40%
07/06/2013
Usage interne
68
Slovak Republic
Renewable energy
Subsidy II (Bratislava region only)
Measure 2.1. "Innovation and technology transfer" is a sub-programme of the Operational Programme Bratislava Region, which awards grants to projects in the field of renewable energy. Grants are awarded through calls for applications under either the de-minimis scheme or the state aid scheme. Biogas eligible with the following restrictions:
Amount
De-minimis scheme: The maximum subsidy is EUR 20,000 per project. State aid scheme: The maximum subsidy is EUR 660,000 per project and shall not exceed 55% of the eligible costs.
07/06/2013
Usage interne
69
14
Spain regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
70
Spain
Electricity
Feed-in tariff & Premium tariff (1) for validated and released projects only. NOT APPLICABLE TO NEW PROJECTS
System capacity must not exceed 50 MW. Operators of systems that generate electricity from renewable sources other than photovoltaic energy and whose capacity does not exceed 50 MW may choose between the guaranteed feed-in tariff and a bonus, which is paid on top of the price achieved in the free market. Bonus for systems that generate 50 to 100 MW. Operators of systems whose capacity is 50 to 100 MW are only entitled to a bonus for high system efficiency and for the use of reactive, which is paid on top of the sale price. Biogas: Eligible, if the main fuel is bio-fuel or biogas from anaerobic digestion of agricultural and livestock wastes, bio-degradable industrial waste and sewage sludge or landfill gas. Biogas and biomass from manure are eligible for subsidies until the cap of 250 MW (for both sources combined) is reached. Feed-in tariff Amount: for 15 years: 86,311 141,141 /MWh (depending on system size), from the 16th year onwards: 70,306 /MWh Eligibility period: 15 years, the payment starts on the date of commissioning of the system. It is reduced after a certain period of operation specified by statutory law Premium tariff Amount: 45,652 110,355 /MWh (depending on system size) Sources: RES-Legal website Spain , 27/12/2011, Dalkia Spain
71
Spain
Electricity/Heat/Gas network injection

Due to crisis, tariffs have been cancelled for eligible projects.
Specific taxes for CHP have been approved in december 2012:

Tax on the value of production of electricity 7%
So all the ongoing projects are suspended until a better situation
No incentive scheme for heat or for injection into gas network
Sources: RES-Legal website Spain , 27/12/2011, Dalkia Spain
07/06/2013
Usage interne
72
15
Sweden regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
73
Sweden
Quota system
Electricity
Amount
Obligation period 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 Quota obligation per MWh of electricity sold or consumed 0.179 0.135 0.142 0.143 0.144 0.152 0.168 0.181 0.195 0.190 0.180 0.170 0.161 0.149 0.137 0.124 0.107 0.092 0.076 0.061 0.045 0.028 0.012 0.008
The Act obliges electricity suppliers, certain electricity consumers and energy-intensive companies to annually acquire renewable energy certificates in due proportion to their electricity sales and their consumption by a set date. Currently, the contribution from the certificate system is not large enough to make a project fly on a commercial basis. Only 3% of the total biogas produced (1.5 TWh) is utilized for electricity production. The value of a certificate is around 20 /MWh. This is not the key support system when referring to biogas.
Limitation:
Certain plants commissioned prior to 1st May 2003 will become ineligible at the end of 2012 or 2014; other plants will become ineligible after 15 years of support. In any case, eligibility will cease at the end of 2035 at the latest.
Number of certificates according to technology: 1 certificate per MWh Fees and penalty charges:
Quota obligation fine. Obligated persons that fail to satisfy their quota obligation shall pay a quota obligation fine. Each certificate not invalidated carries a fine of 150% of the weighed, average certificate value during the applicable obligation period .
Sources: RES-Legal website Sweden 27/12/2011, Kristoffer Nordenstaaf Head of Investment and Finance Solutions Dalkia Nordic
07/06/2013
Usage interne
74
Sweden
Renewable heating, biomethane and Subsidy

Renewable heating and biomethane: Biogas used for heating and fuel purposes are excluded from CO2 and energy taxes.
Biomethane: Biogas can be upgraded to biomethane and injected into a gas grid.
During 2011 about 190 GWh was fed into the gas grid. The gas grid is very limited in Sweden and the main output is fuel gas to feed biogas busses and cars. This is linked to the gas grid location and the location of production sites Subsidy scheme: not applicable in 2013 There has been an investment support for commercial biogas installations in place 1998 2008 and 2008 2012. There has been a support system in place in which the maximum grant is around 3 m (on application basis Energy agency in charge). The average subsidy is around 10% of capex The project has to involve new technology.
Sources: RES-Legal website Sweden 27/12/2011, Kristoffer Nordenstaaf Head of Investment and Finance Solutions Dalkia Nordic
07/06/2013
Usage interne
75
16
UK regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
76
United Kingdom
Electricity
Feed-in tariff:
To support small-scale RES-E systems less than 5 MW, however systems between 50 kW and 5 MW located in Great Britain are entitled to choose between the feed-in tariff (FIT) and the Renewables Obligation Amount
Installed capacity ( C) 250 kW 250 kW< C 500 kW C > 500 kW <5000kW Feed-in Tariff in /MWh from December 2012-March 2014 176,4 163,2 107,5
FiT payment indexed by RPI Systems that export electricity to a public electricity network will also receive 54.MWh Eligibility period: Once accredited, the tariffs are guaranteed for 20 years
Source: OFGEM E-Serve November 2012 & DECC Government Response to FiTs 2b consultation
07/06/2013
Usage interne
77
United Kingdom
Electricity
Feed-in Tariff Annual Reviews
UK Government keen to ensure rapid deployment of renewable energy
But within government spending envelope

From April 2014
The FiT payment levels shall be subject to a degression of the tariff for new entrants
Proposed to fall by 5% each year

2.5% if deployment below UK expectations 20% if deployment 300% greater than expectations
The automatic reduction of FiT payments shall apply to newly accredited stations who are accredited post April 2014
Payments grandfathered at the year of accreditation
07/06/2013
Usage interne
78
United Kingdom
Electricity
Quota system (1)
Under the Renewables Obligation Orders 2009, LICENSED electricity suppliers are obliged to prove that a certain percentage of electricity supplied to final consumers within the United Kingdom was generated from renewable sources, included biogas. To this end, they shall present Renewables Obligation Certificate (ROCs, SROCs in Scotland, NIROCs in Northern Ireland) to the regulatory authority. This framework supports systems or plants above 5 MW as systems or plants between 50 kW and 5 MW located in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) are entitled to choose between the ROC scheme and the FIT Landfill and sewage gas are eligible Amount of quota
Obligation period Number of ROCs / MWh of electricity supplied in Great Britain In Statute 1 April 2009 31 March 2010 1 April 2010 31 March 2011 1 April 2011 31 March 2012 1 April 2012 31 March 2013 1 April 2013 31 March 2014 1 April 2014 31 March 2015 1 April 2015 31 March 2016 Any further 12-month obligation period until 31 March 2037 0.097 0.104 0.114 0.124 0.134 0.144 0.154 0.154 Actual target (Headroom) 0.097 0.110 0.124 0.158 0.206 Tba Tba Tba Number of ROCs / MWh of electricity supplied in Northern Ireland 0.035 0.040 0.050 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063
Source: RES-Legal website UK 13/12/2011
07/06/2013
Usage interne
79
United Kingdom
Electricity
Quota system (2)
Number of certificates according to technology
Generation type Amount of electricity to be stated in a renewables obligation certificate England, Wales and Scotland Electricity generated from sewage gas Electricity generated from landfill gas Energy from waste with CHP Electricity generated by gas formed by the anaerobic digestion of material that is neither landfill material nor sewage Qualifying new anaerobic digestion Stations (generates electricity from gas formed by the anaerobic digestion of material which is neither sewage nor material in a landfill and < 500 kW) Qualifying new anaerobic digestion (generates electricity from gas formed by the anaerobic digestion of material which is neither sewage nor material in a landfill and >500 kW) 2 MWh 4 MWh 1 MWh 1/2 MWh 1/2 MWh 1/2 MWh Northern Ireland 2 MWh 1 MWh 1 MWh 1/2 MWh 1/3 MWh 1/4 MWh
Buy out: Suppliers may satisfy their quota obligation by paying a certain amount of money to the regulatory authority. Recycle: Suppliers who satisfied their quota obligation by physically presenting quotas will receive a share of the Buy out payments
Obligation period (1st April - 31st March) 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 07/06/2013 Buy-out price (per ROC) 46.15 48.28 50.80 Recycle Payment (per ROC) 17.18 4.06 5.36 Usage interne
Source: RES-Legal website UK 13/12/2011 OFGEM Annual ROC Reports 2010-2012 Thurshgil Renewable Energy Oct12 Report
80
United Kingdom
Electricity
Quota system (3)
RO scheme will close to new entrants from April 2017 Existing participants will be grandfathered into the RO scheme At present ROCs can be traded between generators and suppliers/brokers
From 2027, UK Government will determine ROC price of Buyout Rate * 110%
New System will be introduced for low carbon electricity (including Nuclear)
Feed in Tariff with Contracts for Difference
Tariff and CfD as yet unpublished due 2013 Tariffs will be technology specific
81
United Kingdom
RHI (Renewable Heat Incentives)

Renewable heat, biomethane

Government scheme providing financial support to non-domestic renewable heat generators and producers of biomethane. A non-domestic installation is a renewable heat unit that supplies heat to anything from large-scale industrial heating to small business and community heating projects. This includes small businesses, hospitals, schools etc as well as district heating schemes (e.g. one boiler serving multiple homes). The non-domestic segment includes businesses; public sector; charities and not-for-profit organisations; and industry.
Eligible technology Biomethane injection and biogas combustion Eligible sizes Biomethane all scales, biogas combustion less than 200 kWth Tariff rate (/ MWh) 85,20 Tariff duration (Years) 20 Support calculation Metering
Tariff name Biomethane and biogas combustion
available to generators of heat and producers of biomethane that meet the eligibility criteria, that are based in Great Britain i.e. England, Scotland and Wales. RHI support for the first phase is guaranteed for 20 years. Not possible receive a grant which contributed to the direct costs of an installation and receive the RHI (unless grant repaid). From April 2013, it is proposed that new biomass CHP stations will have a one-off choice to claim the RO + uplift, or the RO (minus uplift) plus the RHI.
Biomethane Biogas can be upgraded to biomethane and injected into a gas grid. biomethane injection is supported under the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI)
07/06/2013
Source: http://www.biogas-info.co.uk/index.php/injection-into-the-gas-grid.html
Usage interne
82
17
US regulations & incentives
07/06/2013
Internal use
83
United States
Overview
There are no feed-in tariffs in the US, as there are in Europe
Market price of power is based upon the least expense fossil fuel generation, which can swing greatly as the markets for gas and oil fluctuate With the forecast of Shale gas in the US, Biomass projects will have difficulty competing Has been extended through December 2013
There are no established fuel markets or infrastructure for Biomass

Securing deliveries are complicated and very expensive No way to hedge the cost of fuel on a long term basis
Governmental Grants are offered, to help offset initial capital outlay of facility construction (see next slides): 25% investments of subsidy (incl. electricity, heat facilities Construction)
Changing regulations in US economy/government make it difficult to predict whether these programs will extend beyond 2013
States in the US have begun to put in requirements the x% of production come from green sources by X date
United States
Renewable Incentives for electricity

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)
Benefits have been extended through December 31, 2013 Must have started construction by the end of the year (replaces the former definition which required the project to be in service by the end of 2013) Qualifying Projects: Landfill Gas, Wind, Biomass, Hydroelectric, Geothermal Electric, Municipal Solid Waste, Hydrokinetic Power (i.e., Flowing Water), Anaerobic Digestion, Small Hydroelectric, Tidal Energy, Wave Energy, Ocean Thermal Eligible Projects qualify to receive annual Production Tax Credits (PTC) The federal renewable electricity production tax credit (PTC) is a per-kilowatt-hour tax credit for electricity generated by qualified energy resources and sold by the taxpayer to an unrelated person during the taxable year Resource Type Begin Construction Deadline Credit Amount Wind December 31, 2013 2.2/kWh Closed-Loop Biomass December 31, 2013 2.2/kWh Open-Loop Biomass December 31, 2013 1.1/kWh Geothermal Energy December 31, 2013 2.2/kWh Landfill Gas December 31, 2013 1.1/kWh Municipal Solid Waste December 31, 2013 1.1/kWh Qualified Hydroelectric December 31, 2013 1.1/kWh Marine and Hydrokinetic (150 kW or larger)**December 31, 2013 1.1/kWh The duration of the credit is generally 10 years after the date the facility is placed in service
United States
Renewable Incentives (Continued)

USDA - Repowering Assistance Biorefinery Program
Has been extended through December 2013 A facility (including equipment and processes) that converts renewable biomass into biofuels and biobased products, and may produce electricity. Qualifying Projects: Landfill Gas, Biomass, Municipal Solid Waste, Ethanol, Biodiesel Applicants must demonstrate, at the time of application, that the proposed site has direct access to biomass or third party commitments to supply biomass for the repowering project for at least three years.
18
European regulations on waste
07/06/2013
Internal use
87

With Directive 2008/98/EC the European parliament established a legal framework for the treatment of waste in the European Union. This directive specifies:
The definition of waste What does and doesnt constitute waste (i.e. by definition of what constitutes a by-product) Necessary conditions for a substance to lose its waste classification.
Member states had until the end of 2010 to transpose these regulations onto their own statutes.
Source: The French and European waste markets/Eurostaf
07/06/2013
Internal use
88

The Waste Framework Directive (Directive 2008/98/EC) established a hierarchy for waste
1 2 3
4
5
07/06/2013
Internal use
89
Europe
What constitutes a by-product
07/06/2013
Internal use
90
The waste life cycle
Source: FNADE
07/06/2013
Internal use
91
The three principal forms of waste treatment

Recovery via recycling: regeneration, redeployment or reuse Incineration with energy recovery (thermal or electrical) Biological treatment via composting (aerobic) or methanization (anaerobic)
07/06/2013
Internal use
92
How different types of waste are treated
07/06/2013
Internal use
93
Advantages/drawbacks of different methods of treatment

Recycling is considered to be the most environmentally-friendly form of treatment
07/06/2013
Internal use
94
Waste flows in treatment installations

Waste entering a treatment installation for domestic waste
07/06/2013
Internal use
95
Revenue from waste management
07/06/2013
Internal use
96
Conclusion
Anaerobic digestion follows european regulations on waste as it is considered as a waste treatment.
07/06/2013
Usage interne
97
15
European Regulation impacting energy recovering from biogas
07/06/2013
Usage interne
98
Energy Efficiency Directive

Europe
Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on energy efficiency stipulates among others:
that member states should act to introduce measures and procedures designed to promote combined heat and power (CHP) plants whose total rated thermal output power is under 20 MW, thus encouraging the production of distributed energy that access to the high-performance CHP electricity network be made easier, especially for small combined heat and power and micro combined heat and power plants. that member states should draw up programmes designed to encourage SMEs to take energy audits. For large enterprises, energy audits should be obligatory and take place on a regular basis , for they can generate significant energy savings. Energy audits should take into consideration the applicable European and international standards, such as EN ISO 50001 (energy management systems), EN 16247-1 (energy audits) and, where energy audits are included, EN ISO 14000 (environmental management systems).
Source: ECC
07/06/2013
Internal use
99
Injection into gas network

Directive 2003/55/EC of 26 June 2003 authorizes the injection of biogas into the natural gas network.
Gas directive 2009/73/EC of 13 July 2009, which replaced gas directive 2003/55/EC, encourages member states to:
Adopt concrete measures for increasing the use of biogas biogaz = incentives from member states.
Ensure that biogas (as well as other types of gas) has access to the gas networks, on condition that it is permanently compatible with technical and safety requirements: dfinition of compatibility conditions for electricity grids and gas networks operators.
Promote the integration of gas production from renewable sources in transport and distribution networks (the regulatory authority is responsible for this role): to grow renewable energies use to support european (20% of renewable energies in en 2020).
Source: ATEE/Club biogaz
07/06/2013
Internal use
100

Biogas Recovery: Regulations and Incentives

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Biogas Recovery: Regulations and Incentives

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Biogas recovery

Regulations and incentives

Incentives & regulations Synthesis

Belgium Bulgaria Czech Republic

Bulgaria incentive mechanism summary

Electricity feed in tariff

according to the type of biogas used ct 60.90 221,40 per MWh

France incentive mechanism summary :

Incentives for using biogas to produce electricity and renewable heat

Heat fund (ADEME in regions)

France summary : biogas use (2/3)

Type purchase tariff

- Charge for injection into natural gas network

France summary : biogas use (3/3)

Biomethane quality criteria have to be met

- Charge for injection

Hungary incentive mechanism summary

Poland incentive mechanism summary

Quota system (green certificates) Loan

28.67 EURO per MWh in 2013 year

Electricity & Biomethane

The amount of loan may be 1-12.5 m

Slovakia incentive mechanism summary 1/2

Electricity feed in tariff

according to the type of biogas used ct 9.308 13.987 per kWh

Slovakia incentive mechanism summary 2/2

Only systems that generate between 50 kW and 30MW are eligible

Subsidy II (Bratisla va region only)

De-minimis scheme: The maximum subsidy is EUR 20,000 per project.

From 65/MWh to 170 /MWh

Sources: RES-Legal website Bulgaria Feed-in-tariff, 27/12/2011

Sources: RES-Legal website Bulgaria Feed-in-tariff, 27/12/2011

Electricity generation from biogas

Premium tariff (green bonus)

Sources: RES-Legal website Czech Republic Feed-in-tariff, 27/12/2011

Grants and loans for investments in biogas

PROGRES (for Small and Medium enterprises only)

Electricity, renewable energy, biomethane

Renewable energy: subsidy

Double value of the biogas

Source: France Report - ADEME April 2012, CRE

Waste treatment for biogas production

Source: France Report - ADEME April 2012

The heat fund in two flavours:

Source: France Report - ADEME April 2012

Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (1/9)

Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (2/9)

Source: Dcret du 21Novembre 2011

Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (3/9)

Caisse des dpts et consignation

Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (4/9)

Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (6/9)

Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (7/9)

Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (8/9)

MAXIMUM CAPACITY of production

TISDND (ISDND=non-hazardous waste storage facility) (in c/kWh GCV)

Between 50 and 350 m3/h

Linear interpolation between 9.5 and 4.5

Injection of biomethane into the natural gas network (9/9)

50 < C < 350 m3/h

Linear interpolation between 30 and 20

ICPE regulations - France