Introduction To ASP .NET MVC

ASP.
NET MVC
Introduction to ASP.NET MVC and Example
Walkthrough
Rajat Arya (rajata@U)

eFECS - OIM
Agenda
2
Definition
 what is ASP.NET MVC?
Functional Description
 how does ASP.NET MVC actually work?
Goal / Benefits
 why is it important?
ASP.NET MVC Implementation Walkthrough

 lets see this thing actually working
Questions?
Reference Materials
4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

ASP.NET MVC Definition
3
The ASP.NET MVC framework provides an alternative to the

ASP.NET Web Forms pattern for creating MVC-based
Web applications.
The ASP.NET MVC framework is a lightweight, highly

testable presentation framework that is integrated with
existing ASP.NET features, such as master pages and
membership-based authentication.
The MVC framework is defined in the System.Web.Mvc

namespace and is a fundamental, supported part of the
System.Web namespace.
(taken from http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/tutorial-01-cs.aspx)
Functional Description (is a)
4
Set of classes, containing:

 Base class for Controllers
 Base class for Views (extend ASP.NET View class)
 Base class for Responses (ActionResult)
 Default classes for Routing (wiring URLs to Controllers)
Plugin for Visual Studio

 Adds project template

Functional Description (how it works)
5
Registers itself with ASP.NET in Default.aspx.cs as an

HttpHandler and then handles all HTTP requests
public partial class _Default : Page

{
public void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
HttpContext.Current.RewritePath(Request.ApplicationPath,
false);
IHttpHandler httpHandler = new MvcHttpHandler();
httpHandler.ProcessRequest(HttpContext.Current);
}
}
Enables Routing System through web.config changes

Functional Description (the parts)
6
 Views
 Display the application's user interface (UI).
 Typically, this UI is created from the model data
 Ex. an edit view of a Products table that displays text boxes, drop-down lists, and
check boxes based on the current state of a Products object.
 Controllers
 Handle user interaction, work with the model, and ultimately select a view to
render that displays UI.
 Handles and responds to user input and interaction
 Ex. handles query-string values, and passes these values to the model, which in
turn queries the database by using the values.
 Routing
 Define rules to route URLs to specific Controllers.
 Providing inputs to specific Actions defined by the Controller.
 Ex. http://www.example.com/products/info/1 could be routed to ActionResult
ProductsController.Information(int id) method
(parts taken from http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/tutorial-01-cs.aspx)

Functional Description (Views)
7
A view is a standard (X)HTML document that can

contain scripts.
Can be defined as an .aspx page, but no codebehind
Example: \Views\Home\Index.aspx
<%@ Page Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-

transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head id="Head1" runat="server">
<title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
<div> The current date and time is <% Response.Write(DateTime.Now);%> </div>
</body>
</html>

Functional Description (Controllers)
8
 Class that extends System.Web.Mvc.Controller class

 Defines public methods that return ActionResult for Actions the
controller handles
 Each ActionResult method accepts inputs, does the processing (works
with Model / Repository / Business Logic Layer) and returns
ActionResult to user
 A View is returned as a ViewResult from the Controller
 Example: ProductsController
public class ProductsController : Controller

{
// GET: /Products/
public ActionResult Index()
{
// Add action logic here
return View();
}
}

Functional Description (Routing)
9
 Responsible for mapping browser requests to a particular MVC

Controller action.
 Enabled in web.config file
 Route table created in Global.asax file, called in
Application_Start() method
public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
routes.MapRoute(
"Default", // Unique route name
"{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters
new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = "" } // defaults
);
routes.MapRoute(
"ProductInfo",
"Products/Info/{id}",
new { controller = "Products", action = "Info", id = "" } // defaults
);
}

Functional Description (Passing Data)
10
ViewData object is used to pass data between

Controllers and Views
ViewData is a dictionary object, which has a Model
property on it of type object
 Use dictionary to pass data back, or use model object to set a
model that the View is to display
Controller does the following:
 return View(“ViewName”, model);
 ViewData[“id”] = 23;
return View();

Functional Definition (request to response)
11
1. URL request for /products/info/1

2. Default.aspx.cs invokes MvcHttpHandler to handle request
3. MvcHttpHandler refers to Routing Rules registered in
Global.asax.cs (in Application_Start) to find a
Controller/Action that matches request (/products/info/{id})
4. MvcHttpHandler instantiates controller and invokes
corresponding action method (using built in object mapper to
map parameters on URL as inputs to action method)
5. Calls ProductsController.Info(id=1) code
6. Info method works with Business Logic objects to perform
operation, sets any ViewData and returns a View as an
ActionResult

Goals / Benefits (1)
12
 Separation of Concerns
 Separation of application tasks (input logic, business logic, and UI logic)
 Does not use view state or server-based forms.
 Testability
 All core contracts in the MVC framework are interface-based and can be tested by using mock objects, which are
simulated objects that imitate the behavior of actual objects in the application
 You can unit-test the application without having to run the controllers in an ASP.NET process, which makes unit
testing fast and flexible. You can use any unit-testing framework that is compatible with the .NET Framework.
 Extensibility
 All core contracts in the MVC framework are interface-based
 Supports the use of Dependency Injection (DI) and Inversion of Control (IOC) container models.
 Plug in your own view engine, URL routing policy, action-method parameter serialization, and other components.
 Compatibility
 ASP.NET MVC lets you use features such as forms authentication and Windows authentication, URL authorization,
membership and roles, output and data caching, session and profile state management, health monitoring, the
configuration system, and the provider architecture.
 You can use existing ASP.NET features with the ASP.NET MVC framework, such as nested master pages, in-line
expressions (<%= %>), declarative server controls, templates, data-binding, localization, and so on.
4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG (parts taken from http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/tutorial-01-cs.aspx)

Goals / Benefits (2)
13
 Powerful URL Mapping Component

 Uses a Front Controller pattern that processes Web application requests through a single
controller. This enables you to design an application that supports a rich routing
infrastructure. For more information, see Front Controller on the MSDN Web site.
 URLs do not have to include file-name extensions, and are designed to support URL
naming patterns that work well for search engine optimization (SEO) and
representational state transfer (REST) addressing.
 Well Documented and Lots of Active Development
 Fully Supported by Microsoft
 Open-Source under MS-PL license
 Free!
4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG (parts taken from http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/tutorial-01-cs.aspx)

ASP.NET MVC Implementation Walkthrough
14
Small sample ASP.NET MVC application.
Taken from asp.net/mvc website
(http://static.asp.net/asp.net/images/mvc/32/CS/Cont
actManager_7_CS.zip)

Fin.
Questions?
Reference Materials
16
http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/ - really well done –

go here first!
http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/tags/MVC/ASP.
- Scott Guthrie’s posts, goodness, code,
http://www.hanselman.com/blog/CategoryView.aspx?ca
– Scott Hanselman’s posts, good, less code
Unity/IoC
Running on IIS6 (or here)

Introduction To ASP .NET MVC

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ASP.

Rajat Arya (rajata@U)

ASP.NET MVC Implementation Walkthrough

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

The ASP.NET MVC framework provides an alternative to the

The ASP.NET MVC framework is a lightweight, highly

The MVC framework is defined in the System.Web.Mvc

Set of classes, containing:

Plugin for Visual Studio

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

Registers itself with ASP.NET in Default.aspx.cs as an

public partial class _Default : Page

Enables Routing System through web.config changes

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

(parts taken from http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/tutorial-01-cs.aspx)

A view is a standard (X)HTML document that can

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

 Class that extends System.Web.Mvc.Controller class

public class ProductsController : Controller

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

 Responsible for mapping browser requests to a particular MVC

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

ViewData object is used to pass data between

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

1. URL request for /products/info/1

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG (parts taken from http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/tutorial-01-cs.aspx)

 Powerful URL Mapping Component

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG (parts taken from http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/tutorial-01-cs.aspx)

Small sample ASP.NET MVC application.

Taken from asp.net/mvc website

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

http://www.asp.net/learn/mvc/ - really well done –

4/21/2009 - Rajat Arya (rajata@u) - DAWG

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