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Differential protection
PLANT TO BE PROTECTED
I1 = I2 Healthy; no trip | I1 - I2 | > Limit Fault; trip Balanced beam type of relay difference current trips beam; through current restrains it. Modern relays do the comparison by microprocessor
CTs in star
Delta
Star
CTs in delta
If one only CT saturates for through fault, not enough voltage is generated to trip relay.