Experiment 1

Potentiometric Titration
Joan Marie Ilagan Joanne Sasondoncillo Ma. Kezia Tayag

Objective:
To show the advantages of potentiometric titration over the ordinary colorimetric methods involving indicators.

Principle:
Conventional Colorimetric Method
o The end point is normally determinable when a chemical compound called an indicator changes color. o Prone to mistake since the determination of the end point is quite subjective. o Its use is also limited to colorless solutions.

Potentiometric Titration
o An electrode is inserted into the analyte solution and connected to a volt meter; the potential (voltage) of the analyte is then monitored as titrant is added. o The end point is determine by constructing a graph of potential vs. volume of titrant.

Materials and Apparatuses

pH meter Magnetic bar NaOH pellets 100-mL volumetric flask Wash bottle Buffer solutions Colored Softdrink (Coke Zero) Distilled water 100-mL beaker

Methodology
The electrode was cleaned and the pH meter was calibrated using the buffer solutions. A 0.1M NaOH was prepared by dissolving NaOH pellets with distilled water. Then the burette was rinsed using the prepared solutions. A measured amount of acid sample (coke zero) was placed in the beaker. The magnetic stirrer was placed in the beaker with the acid solution, then the electrode was immersed. The initial pH and volume were noted then the magnetic stirrer was turned on and titration also began. In every 0.5 change in pH, the volume was recorded. Addition of NaOH to the acid was repeated until the pH reading is 12.

Diagram of the Set-Up

burette Iron stand electrode Hot plate with magnetic stirrer

pH meter beakers

Procedure
Preliminaries
Wash electrode. Turn on and warm up the pH meter and the magnetic stirrer Calibrate the pH meter with buffer solutions: pH 4 and 10.

Procedure
Preparation
Prepare 100 mL of 0.1 M NaOH solution.

Rinse the burette thrice with 5 mL portions of NaOH solution.

Procedure
Experiment Proper
Place about 25 mL acid in the beaker. Gently place the magnetic stirrer in the acid. Immerse the electrode in the acid sample.

Procedure
Experiment Proper
Record pH and the volume reading of the base in the burette. Add NaOH until 0.5 change in pH is observed. Repeat additions until pH reaches 12.

Sample Calculation

M = moles of solute liters of solution = n = 0.01 mol NaOH = 0.4 grams