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Pathogens are things that cause disease. There are two main types
Bacteria Viruses
Pathogens
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Genetic info inside a protein coat (not living) Damage cells by infecting them then bursting out Not affected by antibiotics Examples: colds, flu, polio, chicken pox
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The breathing organs produce mucus to cover the lining of these organs and trap the microbes
Fighting disease
White blood cells fight pathogens
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Producing antibodies
Youre going down
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Step 3: The antibodies fit onto the pathogens and cause them to clump
Vaccines
A small amount of the pathogen is given to someone They make specific ANTIBODIES to it The ANTIBODIES kill/remove the pathogen The white blood cell which makes that antibody remains in the blood forever If you become infected with the same pathogen again, the antibodies are made very quickly
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Using Antibiotics
1
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Antibiotics can be used to kill bacteria but.... ) Bacteria can become resistant to them so they do not work anymore (e.g. MRSA- a superbug)
Antibiotic resistance
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Antibiotic
4) Passing on of genes the resistant bacteria reproduce and pass on their resistance genes to their offspring. This is how MRSA developed
Using Painkillers
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Painkillers can be used to treat the symptoms of disease but do not kill the pathogen causing it
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Guten tag. My name is Ignaz Semmelweiss. In the mid-19th century I realised that many deaths in hospitals could be avoided by insisting on clean hands and equipment. As a result of my work, deaths in my wards fell from 12% to 1%.
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These results show that using hand wash solution regularly reduces the numbers of infections from superbugs in hospitals: the pathogens are destroyed
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Pathogens are things that cause disease. There are two main types
1.__________ 2. ________
Pathogens
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The breathing organs produce _____ to cover the lining of these organs and trap the ________
Our blood contains ______ blood cells
Fighting disease
WHITE BLOOD CELLS:
White blood cells do 3 things: 1) They eat the _________
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Producing antibodies
Youre going down
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Step 3: The antibodies fit onto the _______ and cause them to clump
Vaccines
A small amount of the ______ is given to the person The person makes specific ________ The antibodies kill the ______ The _______ which makes the _______ stays in the blood forever
Using Antibiotics
1
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Antibiotics can be used to kill bacteria but.... ) Bacteria can become _______ to them so they do not work anymore (e.g. ______- a superbug)
Antibiotic resistance
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Antibiotic
4) Passing on of _____ the resistant bacteria reproduce and pass on their resistance genes to their offspring.
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What do these results show about how the use of hand wash is related to the spread of infection? Who carried out initial experiments on this?
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Pathogens are things that cause disease. There are two main types
Bacteria Viruses
Pathogens
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Fighting disease
If a pathogen enters our body, white blood cells do three things to fight it.... 1.
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2.
3.
Producing antibodies
Put these steps in order..
Step : The cell produces antibodies to fit the pathogen
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Step : The antibodies fit onto the pathogens and cause them to clump
Using Antibiotics
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1)
2)
Antibiotic resistance
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Antibiotic
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What is the Independent variable? What is the Dependant variable? Write a conclusion for these results
Vaccines
Describe how a vaccine works...