Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
TYPES OF JOINTS
Lap Joint
Box Joint
TYPES OF HANDLES
Ring Handle
Hollow Handle
RETAINING SYSTEMS
Ratchet Lock
Single Spring
Double Spring
Single Spring with Roller Double Spring with Ball & Socket
Sliding Ring
Cam Ratchet
Blunt, Blunt
Sharp, Blunt
Sharp, Sharp
Round Jaw
Square Jaw
Straight on Flat
Surgical instruments are designed to perform either diagnostic or therapeutic operations; to locate the cause of a problem, or to treat a problem once it has been found. Each instrument is designed to perform a specific function. Those functions may be generally categorized under one of the following uses: 1. To cut or incise: Instruments used for this purpose are frequently referred to as sharps. They include scissors, knives, scalpels, chisels and osteotomes, among others. 2. To retract tissue: Hand-held and self-retaining retractors serve this purpose, as well as instruments such as skin and bone hooks
3. To grasp, hold or occlude: These include the many types of forceps, including hemostats, dressing and tissue forceps, as well as bone holding forceps. Also included in this group are needle holders. 4. To dilate or probe: These instruments are used to dilate or enlarge openings or to find an area or foreign object. 5. To cannulate or drain: These instruments including catheters, drains and cannulas, are generally used to drain a wound.
6. To aspirate, inject or infuse: These instruments serve to remove unwanted fluids as well as to inject needed fluids into a patient. Among these instruments are syringes, some needles, trocars and cannulas. 7. To suture or ligate: Suture or ligation is used to close or rejoin a wound or an area of operation, e.g., a vessel, a nerve or tissue. There are a variety of sutures and clips, as well as suture needles and ligating instruments.
Shank
Pattern Number
Disposable Scalpel
Clinical Tip: Because scalpel blades dull rapidly after being pressed against bone they should be changed between incisions if more than one flap is to be reflected.
Periosteal Elevators
Seldin
Periosteal elevators are used to reflect mucoperiosteum, to loosen soft tissue from teeth before extraction, and to retract small flaps Pry Stroke: Using the tooth as a fulcrum, the sharp pointed end of the elevator is used to reflect the MPF by first prying the IDP free from the underlying bone . Push Stroke: Using the broad end of the elevator in a push stroke, the attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa are reflected to the desired extent. Pull Stroke: Using the periosteal elevator in a pull stroke can sometimes shred the periosteum.
Tissue Retractors
Austin
Seldin Minnesota
Shank
Finger Rings
Dissection Scissors
SCISSORS come in a tremendous variety of styles and sizes. They come in straight, curved and angular versions. Useful Tips in Usage: 1. The curved patterns are preferred by most surgeons for dissecting, since they provide a better field of vision for the areas to be cut. 2. Straight scissors are used when a straight cut is desired, such as in sutures, nerves, vessels. 3. Scissors are also used to spread and probe the area of incision (dissection & undermining tissues). The smaller sizes are used at the surface, the larger sizes deeper in the cavities. 4. Dedicate the different types for their specific purpose for example, using fine dissecting scissors to cut suture can ruin the cutting edge. 5. Special care instructions: To maintain scissors in peak
Spring
Adson
is specially useful for grasping teeth that are loose in the mouth
Russian:
Pickup: is
useful to handle tissue in the posterior aspect of the mouth
WEIDER Tongue Retractor: very useful instrument during surgery for impacted lower third molars
Hemostat: To clamp and restrict bleeders or tissue, to control the flow of blood
Fully Serrated Jaws
Box Lock
Shank
Straight & Curved Hemostats The Hemostat has a relatively long delicate peak
Hartmann-Mosquito Forceps
Halsted-Mosquito Forceps
Needle Holder: To hold and guide suture needles securely for suturing
Jaws Scissor cutting blades Groove & Crosshatching Box Lock
Shank
Ratchet
Finger Rings
Volkmann
Bone Curette
Brun
Halle
Bone File: for final smoothing of bone before suturing the MPF back into position
Bone Rongeur: Clinical Tips Smaller amount of bone should be removed in each of multiple bites but never large amount of bone in a single bite.
1.
2. A constant cleansing of the blades is necessary. 3. Rongeurs are delicate and relatively expensive therefore, NEVER remove teeth with rongeurs.
Osteotomes: To shape and sculpt bone, or section a tooth Chisels: To cut a window in the bone cortex for access or to allow harvesting of pure soft bone Gouges: To scoop away strips of soft bone, especially in bone grafting
Mallet
Plastic working end Stainless steel working end
Shank
Phenolic handle
Cheek Retractors
Farabauf
Kilner