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BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.

ppt 1
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
Bruce Mayer, PE
Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu
Engineering 36
Appendix B:
Belt Friction
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 2
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
Outline - Friction
The Laws of Dry Friction
Coefficient of Static Friction
Coefficient of Kinetic (Dynamic) Friction
Angles of Friction
Angle of static friction
Angle of kinetic friction
Angle of Repose
Belt Friction
Contact Angle
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 3
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
Basic Friction - Review
The Static Friction Force Is The force that Resists
Lateral Motion. It reaches a Maximum Value Just Prior
to movement. It is Directly Proportional to Normal Force:
N F
s m
=
After Motion Commences The Friction Force Drops
to Its Kinetic Value
N F
k k
=
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 4
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
Belt Friction
Consider The Belt Wrapped
Around a Drum with Contact
angle |.
The Drum is NOT Free-
Wheeling, and So Friction
Forces Result in DIFFERENT
Values for T
1
and T
2

To Derive the Relationship
Between T
1
and T
2
Examine a
Differential Element of the Belt
that Subtends an Angle Au
The Diagram At Right Shows
the Free Body Diagram
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 5
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
Belt Friction cont
Write the Equilibrium Eqns for
Belt Element PP if T
2
>T
1
( )
( )

A
A + A = =
A
A

A
A + = =
2
sin
2
sin 0
2
cos
2
cos 0
u u

u u
T T T N F
N T T T F
y
s x
Eliminate AN from the Equations

( )
( ) ( )
(

A
+
A
A +
A

A
A +
A
=
(

A
+
A
A +
A

A
A + = =
A
+
A
A + = A

2
sin
2
sin
2
sin
2
cos
2
cos
2
cos 0
2
sin
2
sin
2
cos
2
cos 0
2
sin
2
sin
u u u

u u u
u u

u u
u u
T T T T T T
T T T T T T F
T T T N F
s
s x
y
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 6
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
Belt Friction cont.1
Combining Terms

( )
2
sin 2
2
cos 0
u

u A
A +
A
A = T T T
s
Divide Both Sides by Au

( )
( )
2
2 sin
2
2
cos 0
u
u

u
u A
A
A +
A
A
A
= T T
T
s
Now Recall From Trig And Calculus

( )
( )
o
e
o
o e
o
o
o o
d
d
Lim Lim =
A
A
= =
A 0 0
1
sin
1 0 cos
So in the Above Eqn Let: Au/2 0; Which Yields

( ) T dT T T
d
dT
dT T
d
dT
s s
= + = + = 2 as 2 0
u

u
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 7
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
Belt Friction cont.2
The Belt Friction Differential Eqn

Integrate the Variables-Separated Eqn within Limits
T(u = 0) = T
1
T(u = |) = T
2
From Calculus

Now Take EXP{of the above Eqn}

u
u
d dT
T
T
d
dT
s s
= =
1
Vars Sep
( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 1 2
0
ln ln ln
1 2
1
T T T T d dT
T
s s
T
T
= = =
} }
| u
|
( ) | |
s s
e T T e e
T T
= =
1 2
ln
1 2
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 8
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
Belt Friction Illustrated
This is a VERY
POWERFUL
Relationship

Condsider the Case at
Right. Assume
A ship Pulls on the Taut
Side With A force of 4 kip
(2 TONS!)
The Wrap-Angle = Three
Revolutions, or 6t

s
= 0.3
|
s
e
T
T
=
1
2
The Tension, T
1
, Applied by
the Worker

lb
e
kip
e
T
T
s
14
4
6 3 . 0
2
1
= = =
t |
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 9
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
WhiteBoard Work
Lets Work
Belt Friction
Problems
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 10
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-36_Lec-26_Belt-Friction.ppt 11
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-36: Engineering Mechanics - Statics

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