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Four vessels
Paired internal carotid
Dual Circulations
Anterior Bilateral internal carotid arteries
Dual Circulations
Anterior
Bilateral internal carotid arteries Bilateral vertebral arteries Single basilar artery Separated by tentorium
Posterior
Heart
20% of cardiac output destined for brain
Aortic Arch
First 3 major branches go to or send branches to
intracranial space
Brachiocephalic (innominate)
First branch right common carotid artery
Paired arteries Major source of anterior intracranial blood supply Common carotid artery bifurcates @ level of C3C5 in neck
Internal carotid
External carotid
Opthalmic Artery
Smaller of T-junction bifurcation branches Courses medially to interhemispheric fissure Veers superiorly & posteriorly into interhemispheric fissure to course over medial aspect of hemisphere
PC A2
Larger branch of T-junction ICA bifurcation Courses laterally into Sylvian Fissure Supplies lateral hemisphere Small perforating branches from horizontal portion feed deep subcortical structures
Lenticulostriate arteries
M3 M4 M2 M1
Single artery connecting right and left anterior cerebral arteries Represents major anastomotic site for anterior circulation Part of Circle of Willis
Vertebral Artery
Single midline artery fed from bilateral vertebral arteries Paired arteries
Vertebral Artery
Vertebral Arteries
Basilar Artery
Single midline artery formed from junction of bilateral vertebral arteries Courses superiorly and anteriorly over ventral aspect of pons Multiple small perforating branches supplies pons
Basilar Artery
Major branches
Anterior inferior cerebellar arteries (AICA) Superior cerebellar arteries (SCA)
Basilar Artery
Cerebellar arteries
Final branches off tip of basilar artery Bilateral Major source of blood to midbrain and occipital lobe Course laterally and posteriorly around cerebral peduncles to occipital lobe Small perforating branches near midline to thalamus
thalamoperforators
Circle of Willis
Anastomotic system between distinct intracranial circulations Connects right and left anterior circulations
Anterior communicating artery
Circle of Willis