NAME: AJAY KUMAR SEC: RK2R13 R.

NO: A-38

Wireless communication is the transfer of information over a distance without the use of electrical conductors or "wires". The distances involved may be short (a few meters as in television remote control) or long (thousands or millions of kilometers for radio communications).

PHOTOPHONE- ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL RADIO MARCONI TELEPHONY

1880 1897 1946 1979

FIRST CELLULAR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

NTT/Japan deploys GSM SYSTEM deployed in US, relabeled ``Global System for Mobile Communications'

1994

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

CELLULAR TELEPHONES CORDLESS COMPUTER PERIPHERALS SATELLITE TELIVISION WIRELESS GAMING

Collection of transmitter and receiver that communicates with each other is known as wireless network

DIGITAL NETWORK- ROUTER THAT ROUT DATA ANALOG NETWORK LAN MAN WAN GSM-GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION WI-FI-WIRELESS FIDELITY

WI-FI BLUETOOTH CELLULAR NETWORK, Future wireless POINT-TO-POINT COMMUNICATION, POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT COMMUNICATION, BROADCASTING,

Wireless

Technology is an alternative to Wired Technology, which is commonly used, for connecting devices in wireless mode.
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that refers to

the IEEE 802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs).
Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to the

internet and to the wired network.

Wi-Fi Networks use Radio Technologies to transmit & receive data at high speed:
IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11g

APPEAR IN LATE 1999 Operates at 2.4GHz radio spectrum 11 Mbps (theoretical speed) - within 30 m Range 4-6 Mbps (actual speed)

100 -150 feet range

Most popular, Least Expensive Interference from mobile phones and Bluetooth devices which

can reduce the transmission speed.

Introduced in 2001 Operates at 5 GHz (less popular) 54 Mbps (theoretical speed) 15-20 Mbps (Actual speed) 50-75 feet range More expensive Not compatible with 802.11b

Introduced in 2003

Combine the feature of both standards (a,b)

100-150 feet range 54 Mbps Speed

2.4 GHz radio frequencies

Compatible with b

1G 2G 3G

4G

Abbreviation of fourth generation wireless technology It will provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice , data and multimedia can be given to user on an anytime , anywhere basis.

It includes several types of broadband wireless communication system access including cellular telephone system. It will provide seamless mobility and internet access at a rate of 100 Mbps.

 Support for multimedia services like teleconferencing and

wireless internet.

Wider bandwidths and higher bitrates.

Global mobility and service portability.

Support for previous wireless technologies.

High internet speed.

tight network security.

OFDM
UWB

SMART ANTENNAS
IPv6

IT transmits large amounts of digital data over a radio wave. OFDM works by splitting the radio signal into multiple smaller sub-signals that are then transmitted simultaneously at different frequencies to the receiver .

By inserting a cyclic prefix between adjacent OFDM signal inter signal interference is virtually eliminated if the max. channel delay spread is less than the time interval of cyclic prefix.
In OFDM the sub carrier pulse used for transmission is rectangular.

Here modulation can performed by an IDFT ,which can be generated very efficiently as an IFFT . so, receiver only needs a FFT to reverse this process.

An advanced technology that can be used in 4G technology. It is typically detected as noise. It can use any part of the frequency spectrum, which means that it can use

frequencies that are currently in use by other radio frequency devices .

It uses a frequency of 3.1 to 10.6 Hz. It uses less power , since it transmits pulse instead of continuous signal.

Special antennas are needed to tune and aim the signal.

smart antenna can be employed to find tune ,and turn up signal information.
smart antenna can send signal back in the same direction that they come

from.

There are two types of smart antennasswitched beam antenna:- It has fixed beams of transmission, and switch from predefined beam to another when the user with the phone moves throughout the sector.

Adaptive array antenna :- It represents the most advanced smart antenna approach to data using a variety of new signal It represent the most advanced smart antenna approach to date using a variety of new signal processing algorithms to locate and track the user, minimize interference, and maximize intended signal reception.

 IPv6 means Internet Protocol Version 6 .

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol which data is sent from

one computer to another on the internet.

Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP that

uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet.

It includes128 bits, which is 4 times more than 32bits IP address in IPv4.

 In wireless networks, Quality of Service (QOS) refers to the measure of

the performance for a system reflecting its transmission quality and service availability.
4G is expected to have at least a reliability of 99.99%.

In 4G QOS may be divided in following ways Transaction-level QOS describes both the time it takes to complete a

transaction and the packet loss rate.

Circuit-level QOS includes call blocking for new as well as existing

calls .
User-level QOS depends on user mobility and application type .

 In traffic control. location application.

Telemedicine.
Video chatting

POWER CONSUMPTION COST AND REVENUE CONSIDERATIONS MINIATURISATION AND PROCESSING CHALLENGES AN ECOSYSTEM OF BUSINESSES