Telecommunications and Computer Networks

Agenda
Purpose of Computer Networking Transmission Media

Communications

Communications

The analog signal (audible) is sent through telephone lines.

011010001

MODEM

MODEM

011010001

Digital signal

Digital signal

This modem converts digital to analog.

This modem converts analog to digital.

Computer Networking
Interconnected collection of computers that share data, memory and other valuable resources. A computer network consists of communication media, devices and software needed to connect two or more computer systems and/or devices. Networks can be used to share hardware, programs and databases across the organization.

Purpose of networking
Data communication Simultaneous Access Resource sharing Reliability Scalability Save money

The Uses of a Network Simultaneous Access

In organizations, many people may need to use the same data or programs

Shared data and programs can be stored on a central network server Managers may assign access rights to users.

Read only

Read/write

The Uses of a Network Shared Peripheral Devices

The Uses of a Network Personal Communication

It is cost-effective to E-Mail connect a device to a Teleconferencing network so users can share Video Conferencing it. Users can send multiple documents (called print jobs) to a networked printer at the same time.

Email service process flow

Transmission Media

Types of Media Twisted-Pair Coaxial Cable Fiber-Optic Cable Microwave Transmission Satellite Transmission

Twisted-Pair

Twisted-Pair Wire Cable

Advantages

-least expensive
-widely available -moderate capacity -easy to install -transfer 10-100Mbps

Disadvantages

-Slow(low bandwidth), Easily tapped

Coaxial Cable

Coaxial Cable
-moderately expensive -higher capacity -bulky --transfers 1-2 Gbps -usually used to carry TV signals

Fiber Optic Cable

Fiber Optic Cable

-very expensive -high capacity -uses light -travels long distance without attenuation (several Gbps for about 100-200 Km)

Microwave Transmission -Expensive -Requires no cabling -best for high volume and long distance -limited to line of sight -waves travel in a straight line and narrowly focused in a parabolic antennae -cant penetrate solid objects

Microwave Transmission

Satellite Transmission

Technological Updates in Information Systems

Emerging Technologies
WiFi WiMax VOIP GPS RFID

WiFi
Wireless Fidelity = wireless LAN Wireless Connection to access a Network Wireless LAN Standard for transmitting information in the form of radio waves over distances up to about 100 - 300 feet

WiMax
Worldwide Interoperability Microwave Access = Metro based broadband wireless access Longer distance coverage (~50 km) Connecting geographically remote areas

VOIP
Voice Over Internet Protocol VOIP Phones are connected to the internet using n/w cables or WiFi Preferred over normal cabled telephone Interactive user interface Easy connectivity

VOIP
Cost Reduction Quality Parallel calls using same connection No limitation on location

GPS
Global Positioning System Satellite based tracking Used for navigation Applications:
Fleet Management Logistics Asset tracking

RFID
Radio Frequency Identification Transmitting signal over Radio Wave from an object connected to RFID device to the reader Objective is to keep track Applications :
Inventory Management Retail Store Logistics

RFID Applications