100 Years War

By: Tyler Bossom

Stuff I knew already

It lasted for about 100 years.

Stuff I didnt know

It was actually a time period consisting of three war
Edwardian Era War Caroline War Lancastrian War

Separated by times of Peace

Section I

EDWARDIAN ERA WAR

Start of the War

Phillip IV died without a male heir, so Phillip V is crowned King of France.
Edward the III, King of England, thought he should also be King of France.

Breton War of Succession

John of Montfort, backed by Edward III Charles of Blois, backed by Phillip VI

Scottish alliance
France called on there Scottish allies to invade Britain, but they were defeated in the Battle of Nevilles cross.

Important Battles
Siege of Calais: Allowed English control of English channel.
Battle of Poitiers: Englands Black Prince captures Frances John the Good.

War with Navarre

While John the Good was being held captive, the country of Navarre tried to invade and take over France, but were defeated in the battle of Cocherel.

Treaty of Bretigny
Set John the Goods ransom down to 3 million crowns (thats still a lot) John the Good died in captivity England owns large parts of France Charles V gets to be King of the rest First time of Peace

Section II

CAROLINE WAR

Castilian Civil War

Peter of Castile Backed by England Henry of Trastmara Backed by France

Result
Peter won at first Henry attacked again and won England and France are mad at each other again

French victories
England lost most of the land that they held Only Calais left

Richard II unpopularity
Peasants revolt Anglo-Scottish war costs lots of money
Richard II raises taxes

Lords Appellant
Took over the government

Discontinued War with France

Leads to Second era of Peace

During the Second war of peace

French pirates raided coastal cities Henry IV dies and Henry V becomes King of England
Henry V claims he owns France and wants to marry Catherine of Valois, Charles VI daughter France refuses and Henry declares war

Section III

LANCASTRIAN WAR

Siege of Harfluer
Took too long to capture Couldnt march into Paris Decided to go to Agincourt instead

Battle of Agincourt
English fought much larger French army and defeated them Killed 40% of the French nobility Took more prisoners than the entire English army

Treaty of Troyes
Henry V marries Catherine of Valois Does not officially end the war

During the Lancastrian War

Henry V left Thomas, Duke of Clarence in charge of England Thomas decided to attack Scotland and lost

Joan of Arc
Said to have been sent visions from God Teenage female Revitalized French fighting spirit Captured by England Tried for being a witch and burned at the stake

Result of Joan of Arc

Revitalized French fighting spirit French used cannons More professional army Battle of Castillon
Last battle of the 100 years war Won by French

Significance
Revolutionized military tactics Most powerful unit change from heavy cavalry to bowmen Used light, unarmored cavalry Helped with England and Frances sense of Nationalism 100 years war and bubonic plague wiped out most of the European population of the time