MODELLING OF UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER

SUBMITTED TO : MR. ASHOK KUMAR ELECTRICAL DEPT.

By PRAHARSH MISHRA B.TECH. EE IEC-CET Page 1 [0909020083]

FACTS DEVICES
What is FACTS? FACTS is flexible ac transmission systems. FACTS is a new technology, the principle role of enhancing controllability & power transfer capability in ac systems. With the increasing demand of power, the power system networks are becoming more complex from the point of view of operation & control. The existing networks are mostly mechanically controlled but these devices are slow in operation & another problem is that control cannot be initiated frequently. Thats why we use FACTS as control devices.
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FACTS DEVICES
Based on power electronic switching converters Enhances -system utilization -power transfer capacity -stability, security, reliability -power quality of AC system Complex power systems require new devices for controlling power flow in transmission
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Uses of facts devices

Facts devices in ac lines - power flow control. - increase of transmission capability. - voltage control. - reactive power compensation. - stability improvement. - power quality improvement
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upfc
o Combination of 3 compensators -impedance -voltage magnitude -phase angle o Consists of two voltage source converters; -series converter -shunt converter o Converters are connected by a common Page 6 dc link.

Upfc-schematic diagram

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Operating principle of upfc

Consists of two voltage source inverters (VSIs) sharing a common dc storage capacitor. VSIs are connected to the power system through coupling transformers.
One VSI is connected in shunt to the transmission system via a shunt transformer. The other one is connected in series through a series transformer. Page 8

Components series inverter

It injects an AC voltage VPQ with controllable magnitude and phase angle (0 360) in series with the line. The line current flowing exchanges the real and reactive power between it and ac system The reactive power exchanged is internally generated by the inverter. The real power must be supplied to it.
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Shunt converter
It supplies the real power demanded by the series device at the dc link. It can also absorb or generate the controllable reactive power. It is used for voltage regulation at the point of connection injecting an opportune reactive power flow into the line. Balances the real power flow exchanged between the series inverter and the transmission line.
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DC LINK
A capacitor works as a dc link between the two voltage source inverters.

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Control functions
1. Voltage regulation Achieved by injecting a voltage V1, in phase (or out of phase) with VS The magnitude of the sending bus voltage Vs is increased (or decreased)
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Control functions
2. Series reactive compensation It is obtained by injecting a voltage V2, orthogonal to the line current The effective voltage drop across the line impedance X is decreased (or increased)

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Control functions
3. Phase shift A desired phase shift is achieved by injecting a voltage V3 Shifts VS by + or - while keeping its magnitude constant as shown in Fig.

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Reference
https://www.google.co.in/ http://www.wikipedia.org/ https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS by ASHFAQ HUSAIN

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