CORRELATION BETWEEN STRABISMUS AND AMBLYOPHIA

Ayu Wulan Anggreni 030.05.046

ABSTRACT

Lazy Eye (Amblyopia) and Crossed Eyes (Strabismus) are not the same condition. Many people make the mistake of saying that a person who has a crossed or turned eye has a "lazy eye," but amblyopia and strabismus are not the same condition. Some of the confusion may be due to the fact that an eye turn can cause lazy eye. In other words, amblyopia can result from a constant unilateral

INTRODUCTION
Strabismus and amblyopia are common conditions in childhood, with strabismus affecting about 5% of five year olds of whom 60% have eso-deviations and 20% exo-deviations. Amblyopia has an estimated prevalence in childhood of 1.2% to 4.4% depending on the defining criteria. Strabismus or amblyopia may lead to failure to develop binocular vision which may prevent an individual pursuing certain occupations. The associated cosmetic disorder may interfere with social and psychological development with potentially serious effects for patients young and old.

LITERATUR STUDY
Strabismus
Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. It typically involves a lack of coordination between the extraocular muscles that prevents bringing the gaze of each eye to the same point in space and preventing proper binocular vision, which may adversely affect depth perception. Strabismus can be either a disorder of the brain in coordinating the eyes, or of one or more of the relevant muscles' power or direction of motion

Strabismus
A simple screening test for strabismus is the Hirschberg test. A flashlight is shone in the patient's eye. When the patient is looking at the light, a reflection can be seen on the front surface of the pupil. If the eyes are properly aligned with one another, then the reflection will be in the same spot of each eye. Therefore, if the reflection is not in the same place in each eye, then the eyes aren't properly aligned

Strabismus
Early treatment of strabismus and/or amblyopia in infancy can reduce the chance of developing amblyopia and depth perception problems. Most children eventually recover from amblyopia by around age 10, if they have had the benefit of patches and corrective glasses

Amblyopia
Amblyopia, commonly known as lazy eye, is the eye condition noted by reduced vision not correctable by glasses or contact lenses and is not due to any eye disease. The brain, for some reason, does not fully acknowledge the images seen by the amblyopic eye. This almost always affects only one eye but may manifest with reduction of vision in both eyes.

Amblyopia
The most important diagnostic tools are the special visual acuity tests other than the 20/20 letter charts currently used by schools, pediatricians and eye doctors. Examination with cycloplegic drops can be necessary to detect this condition in the young

DISCUSSION
Strabismus, a misalignment of the eyes, is one of the most common eye problems in children, affecting approximately 4 percent of children under the age of 6 years. The eyes (one or both) may turn inward (crossed-eyes), outward (wall eyes), turn up, or turn down. At times, more than one of these conditions are present.

About 50 percent of children with strabismus are born with it. There appears to be a higher incidence of strabismus in children with disorders that affect the brain, such as cerebral palsy or hydrocephalus. Strabismus may also occur later in life as a result of an illness, cataract, or eye injury

Amblyopia, also called "lazy eye," is a condition in which vision does not develop normally during childhood. Usually the child has one weak eye with poor vision and one strong eye with normal vision. Two to 3 percent of the general population have amblyopia

There are many causes of amblyopia, but it occurs most commonly with strabismus. Amblyopia may also result from other eye conditions where one eye focuses better than the other, such as with nearsightedness or farsightedness, or as a result of eye diseases, such as a cataract

CONCLUSION
Strabismus can cause amblyopia, as well as strabismus can cause amblyopia. Strabismus and amblyopia are two common vision problems in children. If not treated, these problems can permanently affect your child's sight. Your child won't outgrow strabismus or amblyopia. But both can be treated. Early eye exams and the right treatment now can improve your child's vision for life

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Management of Strabismus. Available at : http: //www.mrcophth.com/focus1/Strabismus.htm . Accessed : June 28th, 2010 Strabismus. Available at : http://www.strabismus.org/index.html. Accessed : June 19th, 2010 Strabismus. Available at : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabismus. Accessed : June 19th, 2010 Amblyopia. Available at : http://www.strabismus.org/amblyopia_lazy_eye.html. Accessed : June 19th, 2010 Amblyopia. Available at : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblyopia. Accessed : June 28th, 2010