Nanotechnology in Processors and Nokia Morph

What is Nanotechnology
www.nasa.gov

An engineered DNA strand

pRNA tiny motor

Semiconducting metal junction formed by two carbon nanotubes

Nanotechnology is the creation of functional materials, devices and systems, through the understanding and control of matter at dimensions in the nanometer scale length (1-100 nm), where new functionalities and properties of matter are observed and harnessed for a broad range of applications
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What is Nanoscale
ww.mathworks.com

Fullerenes C60

12,756 Km

22 cm

0.7 nm

1.27 107 m

0.22 m

0.7 10-9 m

10 millions times smaller

1 billion times smaller

Nanoscale Size Effect

Nanoscale Materials

Gold nanoparticles
TU Dresden/ESRF, 2008

Silver nanoparticles
Northwestern Univ., 2002

A stadium shaped quantum corral made by positioning iron atoms on a copper surface IBM Corp., 1993.

A 3-dimensional nanostructure grown by controlled nucleation of Silicon-carbide nanowires on Gallium catalyst particles
Univ. of Cambridge, 2007

Nanoscale Devices and Integrated Nanosystems

Nanochip
Currently available microprocessors use resolutions as small as 32 nm Houses up to a billion transistors in a single chip NEMS based nanochips have future capability of 2 nm cell leading to 1TB memory per chip

A MEMS based nanochip

Nanochip Inc., 2006

Nanoelectromechanical System (NEMS) Sensors

NEMS technology enables creation of ultra small and highly sensitive sensors for various applications The NEMS force sensor shown in the figure is applicable in pathogenic bacteria detection

A NEMS bacteria sensor

Nano Lett., 2006, DOI: 10.1021/nl060275y

NANO CIRCUITRY

NANO CICUITRY DEALS WITH THE MINIMIZATION OF CIRCUITS OF NANO SIZE TO NANO SCALE. IT HELPS THE SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS IN REDUCTION OF THE SIZE OF COMPUTERS AND OTHER ELECTRONIC DEVICES. THE AGE OF NANO CIRCUITRY BEGINS WITH THE INVENTION OF NANO TRANSISTORS AND ULTRA CAPACITORS

Nano Devices used in Nano Circuits

ULTRA-CAPACITORS
CAPACITORS ARE ENERGY SAVING DEVICES.

THEY CONSIST OF TWO TERMINALS. EACH STORE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE CHARGES.

THE ULTRA CAPACITORS ARE MADE FROM CARBON NANOTUBES. THEY HAVE HIGH RELIABILITY, COMPACTNESS.

CARBON NANOTUBES

CARBON NANOTUBS ARE THE BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS OF NANOCIRCUITS. THEY ARE COMPOSED OF C-40 ATOMS. THEY ARE PATENTED BY IBM.

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NANO TRANSISTORS

TRANSISTORS ARE THE DEVICES THAT FORM THE INTEGRAL PART OF THE CIRCUIT. TRANSISTORS CONVERT THE WEAK SIGNALS INTO STRONGER SIGNALS.

TO CONVERT THE TRANSISTORS TO NANO-SCALE WE ARE IN NEED OF SWITCH ONTO CARBON BASE INSTEAD OF SILICON.

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Memristors- A Memory Logic Device

Memristor logic devices are quite smaller than devices made from transistors, enabling packing more computing power into a given space. Memristor arrays performing both logic and memory functions would eliminate transferring data between a processor and a hard drive in future.

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Nanorobots

In the field of molecular computing and robotics, researches in Caltech, USA, have created robots the size of molecules that can move freely across nano scale track. The achievement would lead molecular robots to fix individual cells or assemble nano products.

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MOORES LAW

MOORES LAW STATES THAT, THE SPEED OF COMPUTER WILL BE DOUBLED IN EVERY 18 TO 24 MONTHS. THIS IS MADE POSSIBLE BY INCREASING THE NUMBER OF TRANSISTORS INTO A CIRCUIT. AND THE LATEST CONTRIBUTION TO IT IS NANO TRANSISTORS.
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THE USE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY HAS REVOLUTIONIZED THE WORLD OF COMPUTER BY MAKING POSSIBLE THE FASTEST PROCESSOR OF OUR TIME.

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Intel Core i7 (The Nano based Processor)

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Intel Core i7

Brilliantly fast-With faster, intelligent, multicore technology that applies processing power where it's needed most.
You'll multitask applications faster. And you'll experience maximum performance for everything you do, thanks to the combination of Intel Turbo Boost technology and Intel HyperThreading technology (Intel HT technology), which maximizes performance to match your workload. 3.06 GHz, 2.93 GHz, and 2.66 GHz core speed 8 processing threads with Intel HT technology 8 MB of Intel Smart Cache 3 Channels of DDR3 1066 MHz memory

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RISKS:

The electronics scientists need to develop new circuits to cope with nano circuits working with carbon nano tubes The transistors will be 100 times smaller than thickness of human hair so it is difficult to identify the problems in it . The ultra capacitors produces high heat, till today there is no remedy given to cool it.
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LATEST NANOPRODUCTS

I-POD NANO developed by APPLE. Processors developed by IBM & VIA technologies. Silver Seal Keyboard

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A highly anticipated and awaited Nanoproduct that may revolutionize the world of cellphones.

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A Concept Phone by NOKIA

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AGENDA

About Morph Features Sensors Design Power Source

Advantages
Disadvantages

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The Word MORPH means: Transform

Quickly

Change

Shape

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What is NOKIA MORPH

The

Nokia Morph is a theoretical future device based on NANOTECHNOLOGY that might enable future communication devices.

Morph

also demonstrates how future mobile devices might be stretchable, flexible, transparent and self cleaning.
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History of NOKIA MORPH

The concept of Morph was unveiled on February 25, 2008 at the Museum of Mordern Art (Design and the Elastic Mind Exhibition) in New York City.

A product of a joint study into the future of mobile phones by the NOKIA RESEARCH CENTER and the UNIVERSITY of CAMBRIDGEs NANOSCIENCE CENTRE.
It demonstrates that, nanotechnology might be capable of delivering: flexible materials, transparent electronics and self-cleaning surfaces that could be used to make Nokia Morph.

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Features Of Morph

Spider-Silk Transparent-Electronics Haptic-Surface Wearable-Device Recycling Sensing Nanoscale Grass Self-cleaning Stretchable
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SENSING
Morph enables us to observe our local environment.

Morph can detect specific chemical compound in the air.

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NANOSCALE-GRASS

NANOWIRE GRASS PRODUCE SOLAR ENERGY .

NANO MATERIALS ENABLES SOLAR ENERGY ON A LARGE SCALE EX:- FUTURE BUILDING CAN BE COVERED BY SOLAR CELL

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SELF-CLEANING

NANOTECHNOLOGY ALSO CAN BE LEVERAGED TO CREATE SELF-CLEANING SURFACES ON MOBILE DEVICES, ULTIMATELY REDUCES CORROSION, WEAR AND IMPROVING LONGEVITY.

NANOSTRUCTURED SUUFACES SUCH AS NANOFLOWERS NATURALLY REPELL WATER, DIRT, AND EVEN FINGERPRINTS. 29

STRETCHABLE

A FOLDED DESIGN WOULD FIT EASILY IN A POCKET AND AN UNFOLDED LARGER DESIGN COULD DISPLAY MORE DETAILED INFORMATION, AND INCORPORATE INPUT DEVICES SUCH AS KEYBOARDS AND TOUCHPADS.

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SPIDER-SILK

A NANOSCALE MESH OF FIBERS CONTROLS THE STRETCHING WHEN THE DEVICE IS FOLDED.

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TRANSPARENT-ELECTRONICS

NANOSCALE STRUCTURE IS INVISIBLE TO HUMAN EYE.

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HAPTIC-SURFACE

BUTTON ON THE DEVICE SURFACE ARE REAL 3D FORMS.

WHICH GIVE THE REAL SENSIBILITY OF THE BUTTONS.

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RECYCLING

UTILIZATION OF BIODEGREDABLE MATERIALS MIGHT MAKE PRODUCTION AND RECYCLING OF DEVICES EASIER AND ECOLOGICAL FRIENDLY.

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ADVANTAGES
UTILIZATION OF BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS MIGHT MAKE PRODUCTION AND RECYCLING OF DEVICES EASIER AND ECOLOGICALLY FRENDLY.

LOW POWER COST DUE TO BUILT-IN SOLAR ABSORPTION THAT MIGHT CHARGE THE DEVICE MAKING BATTERIES SMALLER, LONGER LASTING AND FASTER TO CHARGE AND HENCE MAKING THE PHONE LESS BULKY.
HELPS TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT AROUND US, EMPOWERING US TO MAKE BETTER CHOICES.
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DISADVANTAGES

DUE TO THE GRANULAR STRUCTURE,NANO PARTICLES CAN GO UNNOTICED ON A PERSONS HAN, BUT THE RISK OF INHALING THIS COULD BE VERY DANGEROUS. THIS CAN DULY BE A CAUSE OF DEATH. LACK OF A RELIABLE POWER SOURCE: NOKIA IS STILL SEARCHING NEW BATTERY MATERIALS TO POWER THE Morph. This is a significant technical drawback.

Overpriced.

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