Taurus Powertronics Training

PRECIOHM ET EARTH TESTER

Taurus Earth Tester

Taurus Confidential Document

4/21/2013

Earth Tester

Potential Terminal-P1 Earth Terminal RS 232 Port Battery Indication

Current Terminal

Potential Terminal-P2 Range Selector

Mains Switch
Power ON Reset
Taurus Confidential Document

Set

Memory

Print
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Salient Features
Fall-Potential method of Earth Resistance

Wenner method for Soil Resistivity measurement

High dynamic measurement range of 0.01 to 20k Digital display in with accuracy of 2%

Complete suppression of induction and leakage

power frequencies & its harmonics. Modular with in-built rechargeable battery Available in models of 02k & 0-20k Compact, portable, AC mains & battery operated Housed in IP67 pelican casing
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Taurus Confidential Document

SOIL RESISTIVITY

Taurus Confidential Document

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Factors to be considered
Temperature Humidity

Type of Soil
Strata of the Soil Depth of Peg insertion
Taurus Confidential Document

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Principle of Operation Soil Resistivity

Wenner 4 Pole Method I

a = Resistivity (-m) a = Probe Spacing (m) v = Voltage Measured (volts) I = Injected current (Amps) R = Measured resistance ()
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= 2 a

v I

a = 10*b

= 2aR
Taurus Confidential Document

Principle of Operation
Soil Resistivity Measurement:

Four pole - Wenner Method A constant current with low frequency (128Hz) is passed to current terminal The voltage across potential terminals P1& P2 is measured Soil Resistivity is calculated using formula = 2aR

Taurus Confidential Document

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Schematic Diagram
Wenner 4 Pole Method for Soil Resistivity Measurement

E b a

P1 a

P2 a

a = 10*b
Taurus Confidential Document

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Operating Procedure
Soil Resistivity Measurement
Install four terminals in the ground equally spaced in a straight line Using the connecting cables, connect the E, P1, P2 and C terminals to the corresponding electrodes. Press the SET button and read the digital display. Record the reading at the appropriate location Using the obtained R-value, calculate the value of resistivity (), which is represented by the units of -m (Ohm-Meter)

Taurus Confidential Document

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Soil Resistivity Measurement Testing Layout

E b C a P1 a P2 a C

x
A minimum of 3 direction of testing

y
P1

Building A Soil Resistivity Profile

x + y + z = 3
E Property line
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SUB STATION EARTH MEASUREMENT

Taurus Confidential Document

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Principle of OperationEarth Resistance

Three pole -Fall Potential Method
Ground Electrode Potential probe (P) Current probe (C)

Current probe resistance Resistance in ohms

Ground probe resistance X

61.8% C
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Distance of potential probe in meters

Taurus Confidential Document

Principle of Operation
Earth Resistance Measurement:

Three pole -Fall Potential Method A constant current with low frequency (128Hz) is passed to current terminal The voltage across potential terminal P1& earth terminal V measured The resistance is calculated using formula R = I

Taurus Confidential Document

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Schematic Diagram
3 Pole Method for Earth Resistance Measurement

Substation Earth Pit

d

P2 d

C h

h < 5% * d
Taurus Confidential Document

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Operating Procedure
Earth Resistance Measurement
Connect equipment earth terminal to the station earth pit Potential terminal to centre peg at distance 30m from the earth pit Current terminal to current peg at distance 60m from the earth pit The depth of penetration is less than 5% of the distance between the pegs All the pegs are connected in straight line

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Case Study

Taurus Confidential Document

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Case Study PGCIL-NR

Place: Sonepat (PGCIL -NR ) Date: 11/12/2010 Substation: 400/220 kV S/s Powergrid, Mohana Contact Person: Mr. Shrivastava, Manager Mr. Anil Kumar, DT Customer Requirements

Repeatability of the values & Heavy duty battery

Earth Pit Resistance R Soil Resistivity 0.90 Ohms 5.1 Ohm-meter
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Readings

Taurus Confidential Document

Case Study PGCIL-NR

Place: Nalagarh (PGCIL -NR ) Date: 13/12/2010 Substation: 400/220 kV S/s Power Grid, Reru Contact Person: Mr. Manish Gandotara, Manager Mr. Vikram Sarochaya, Engineer Readings
Earth Pit Resistance R=(Pit connected to grid) R= ( Individual earth Pit) Soil Resistivity
Taurus Confidential Document

0.60 Ohms 36.5 Ohms 16.48 Ohm-meter

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Case Study PGCIL-NR

Place: Banala (PGCIL -NR ) Date: 14/12/2010 Substation: 400/220 kV S/s PowerGrid, Jhiri Contact Person: Mr. Amit Kumar, Sr.Engineer Mr. Pravesh Kaundal, Engineer Readings Distance A Resistance Resistivity
meters R Ohms Ohm-meters

Location A Location B
Location C
Taurus Confidential Document

5 4
4

6.55 25.5
24.5

205.67 640.56
615.44
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Case Study PGCIL-NR

Place: Chamba (PGCIL -NR ) Date: 16/12/2010 Substation: 400/220 kV S/s Power Grid, Sultanpur Contact Person: Mr. Manish Sharma, Chief Manager Mr. Mahendra Kaloria, Engineer Readings
Earth Pit Resistance R= Soil Resistivity 2.5 Ohms 138 Ohm-meter

Taurus Confidential Document

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Q&A

Taurus Confidential Document

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