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IP/INTERNET TELEPHONY

Presented By:
Information Science & Eng. 8th semester Shree Devi Institute Of technology

CONTENTS
1. What is IP Telephony 2. How IP Telephony works 3. Different types of IP Telephony 4. How IP Telephony is different over PSTN 5. Different types of IP protocols 6. H.323 Components 7. Protocols Specified by H.323 8. Advantage of IP Telephony 9. Disadvantages 10. Conclusion 11. References

What is IP Telephony:
IP telephony is point to point packetswitched network. There are two main subsets. a. Internet Telephony b. Voice over IP (VoIP) IP Telephony: Why ?

How IP Telephony works:


Requirements :
Computer system or special IP phones with IP Telephony software. Analog Telephony Adapters (ATA) Broadband connection .

IP Phones:

IP Telephony: PBX Replacement:


Corporate/Campus 7040 External line 7041 7042 7043 PBX Another campus 8151 8152 8153 8154

PBX

LAN

Internet

LAN

Working of IP Telephony:

Analog Telephone Adaptor (ATA): Analog to digital converter Internet Protocols Packets Gateway

Features of IP Telephony:
Automatic use of network-based directories. Conference calls. Call transfer and hold. Storing user name/number in systems facilitated by different service providers. Weather report analysis. Live news. Voice Messaging Faxing, Fax Services, Fax Broadcast Speech Recognition Text to Speech

Different Types Of IP Telephony:

PC to PC:

Phone to Phone Over IP:


There are two methods: a. Phone-to-phone over IP using
Gateways. b. Phone-to-phone overIP using Adapter Boxes .

Phone-to-phone overIP using Gateways:

Phone-to-phone over IP using Adapter Boxes:

PC-to-Phone or Phoneto-PC:

How IP Telephony is different over PSTN: Switching architectures. Intelligence Circuit switched network and Packet switched network. Comparable components of Internet telephony and the PSTN Internet Telephony PSTN
End system Gateway Signaling server Router CPE & PBX Signaling gateway SCP & SSP STP

Cont......
Comparable addressing concepts in Internet telephony and the PSTN: Internet Telephony
MAC address IP address (E.164) SIP URL, H.323 alias

PSTN
Circuit identifier Routing number Telephone no, including 800/900 no.

Different type of IP telephony Protocols


H.323 standard Session initiation protocol (SIP) Media gateway to media controller protocol (MGCP)
Protocol Stack:

What is H.323:
The H.323 standard for the transmission of realtime audio, video, and data communications over packet-based networks based on IP telephony. H.323 is a standard produced by the ITU-T Study Group 16. Currently the most widely-supported IP telephony signaling protocol.

What is SIP:
SIP works in client/server relationships as well as in peer-to-peer relationships. SIP uses requests and responses . Manual and automatic forwarding.

Basic methods in SIP:


INVITE OPTIONS REGISTER CONNECTED BYE

SIP-based Voicemail Architecture:


Bob
INVITE bob@phone1.office.com INVITE bob@office.com REGISTER bob@vm.office.com phone1.office.com

Alice
INVITE bob@vm.office.com vm.office.com

The voice mail server registers with the SIP proxy, sipd Alice calls bob@office.com through SIP proxy. SIP proxy forks the request to Bobs phone as well as to a voicemail server.

Voicemail Architecture:
CANCEL 200 OK

Bob
phone1.office.com;

Alice

200 OK RTP/RTCP

vm.office.com;

After 10 seconds vm contacts the RTSP server for recording. VM accepts the call. Sipd cancels the other branch and ... ...accepts the call from Alice. Now user message gets recorded

v-mail SETUP rtspd

H.323 Components:
Terminals Gateways Gatekeepers Multipoint Control Units (MCUs)

1.Terminals :
H.323 terminal can either be a personal computer or a stand-alone device.

2.Gateways :
A gateway connects two dissimilar networks.

Bridge between Internet and PSTN

3. Gatekeepers:
Controller of an H.323 network

Gatekeeper functions:
Address Translation Admission Control Bandwidth Control Zone Management Call-Control Signaling Call Authorization Call Management

4. Multipoint Control Units:


MCUs provide support for conferences of three or more H.323 terminals

The Protocols specified by H.323:


1. Audio CODECs 2. Video CODECs 3. H.225 registration, admission, and status (RAS) 4. H .225 call signaling a. Gatekeeper-Routed Call Signaling
b. Direct Call Signaling

5. H.245 control signaling 6. Real-time transfer protocol (RTP) 7. Real-time control protocol (RTCP)

Advantage of IP Telephony:
COST Saving Reduced Initial Investment Easy management Mobility Improved Voice Quality Software oriented nature Packet switched network Scalable

Disadvantages:
Limited or no use in the absence of a dedicated internet access. Total dependency on separate electric connectivity. IP telephony are easily get attacks from viruses and hacking. Exposure to Denial of Service attacks. Much depends on the processor

CONLUSION
IP telephony is cost savings and integrating new services.

It is much cheaper than traditional long

distance services. Keeping this rising demand of Internet telephony in mind, many software companies have entered this field in order to take a share of this growing market segment.

Cont.

The availability of free IP telephony software has helped in increasing the market for IP Telephone services, which is evident from the number of new users that have subscribed to these services in recent years. This holds good for the future of IP telephony services. IP Telephony is a revolutionary technology that has the potential to completely rework the world's phone systems. In Future Integration with Web and long-term replacement for current telephone systems

REFERENCES
[1] Book on IP Telephony Olivier Hersent, David Gurle & Jean-Pierre Petit. [2] www.iec.org/online/tutorials/ [3] www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~jain/cis78897/internet_telephony/index.htm [4] www.cs.columbia.edu/~coms6181/ [5]www.terena.nl/library/IPTELEPHONYCOOKBOOK/chap ters/Chapter4.pdf [6] www.cisco.com/ [7] www.tmcnet.com/ [8] IP telephony client software <http://www.von.com/teleph.html> <http://itel.mit.edu/itel/software.html>

THANK YOU
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