HISTOLOGI MATA

Ika Fidianingsih

palpebra
fungsi melindungi bola mata struktur ep berlapis pipih dengan keratin jaringan ikat dan aponeuroisi muskulua muskulus orbikularis okuli NVI menutup kelopak mata tarsus & kelenjar meibom jaringan ikat longgar epitel konjungtiva

konjungtiva
palpebra epitel stratifikatum skuamosum non kornifikatum bulbi epitel stratifikatum skuamosum non kornifikatum fornik epitel stratifikatum kolumner dengan sel goblet

kelenjar air mata komposisi air & lizosim Aliran fornik konungtiva membsahi kornea& kongtiva pungtum lakrimalis kanakuli lakrimalis sakus lakrimalsi duktus nasolarimalis

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Chambers of Eye

Layers

outer: corneo scleral

Middle: Uvea with its choroid, ciliary body and Iris Inner: Retina has two layers (outer pigment and inner neuronal)

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CORNEA

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Histology of Cornea

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Choroid & Sclera

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Histology of Corneo scleral coat

Cornea How cornea is transparent? By precise regulation of water in stroma, if there is endothelial damage corneal edema and corneal opacity avascular Sclera Dense connective tissue of flat collagen fibers and meshwork of elastic fibers, fibroblast vascular Limbus transition zone Has irido- corneal angle for drainage of aqueous humor ( canal of schlemn)

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Vascular coat (Uvea)

IRIS Anterior limiting layer Stroma of iris Iris sphincter muscle Iris dilator muscle Anterior pigment myoepithelium Posterior pigment epithelium Muscle of adaptation Sphincter pupillae circular band of SMC, parasympathetic control ( CN III), causes reduced size of pupil in response to light Dilator pupillae radially oriented pigmented myoepithelial cells, form anterior pigment epithelium, under sympathetic control (superior cervical ganglion), causes increased pupillary size in response to dim light

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Vascular coat (Uvea)

Ciliary body Pars plica - epithelium produces the aqueous humor. - Inner pigmented layer - stroma : fibroblast & colagen & vasa - anterior part is ciliary process, has ciliary muscle with three functional groups : longitudinal for drainage of aqueous, radial flatten the lens for distant vision, circular- reduce tension on lens for near vision

Pars plana = koroid Choroid -melanocytes -vascular

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Ciliary process

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Section of the anterior portion of the lens. The subcapsular epithelium secretes the lens capsule, which appears stained in red. The lens capsule is a thick basement membrane containing collagen type IV and laminin. Below the subcapsular epithelium, note the lens fibers, which are cells that have lost their nuclei and organelles, becoming thin, elongated, transparent structures. Picrosirius-hematoxylin. Medium magnification.

LENS

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Crystalline lens
Transparent, avascular, biconvex, Lens capsule type IV collagen, Epitel subkapsuler Sel yang kehilangan nukleus & organela > pipih membentuk serabut lensa New lens fibers are produced through out the life Presbyopia decreased elasticity and power of accommodation with age Cataract loss of transparency, causes can be infections, metabolic, hereditary, trauma, UV light

Crystalline lens

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1. Pigment epithelium 2. Photoreceptors outer segments 3. Outer limiting membrane 4. Outer nuclear layer 5. Outer plexiform layer 6. Inner nuclear layer 7. Inner plexiform layer 8. Ganglion cell layer 9. Nerve fiber layer 10. Inner limiting membrane
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phototransduction in rod photoreceptors. (A) The molecular structure of rhodopsin, the pigment in rods. (B) The second messenger cascade of phototransduction.

Retina
Rods more in # (12 million), more sensitive to light, used in dim
or night light), have maximum absorption at 496 nm of light ( black and white pictures)

Cones less in # (7million), three classes (L,M,S), less

sensitive to light ( for day vision), have absorption at 420 (blue), 531(green) and 588 nm (red) of light, for color vision

Sel epitel pigmen :

mencegah pantulan cahaya berisi chemical machinary untuk turnover/regenerasi fotoresptor Barier Fagositosis Mensisntesis melanin

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Fovea
greatest visual acuity
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Optic disk
blind spot

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Fovea
greatest visual acuity
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Fovea
greatest visual acuity
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humor aqueos
serupa plasma Aliran sel epitel non pigmen prosesus siliaris kamera okuli posterior kamera okuli anterior trabekula meshwork kanalis schelm vena
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humor vitreus
fungsi : perlekatan retina dengan koroid, media refraksi komposisi substansia gel yang jernih air asam hialuronat kolagen makrofag/hialosit
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Aging
Serat-serat elastis di prosesus siliaris berkurang, kontraksi muskuus siliaris berkurang > lensa kurang dapat mencembung Adanya timbunan pigemen pada serat-serat lensa, karena serat lensa tidak dapat diperbaharui > lensa keruh Vitreous humor lebih cair > debris menggumpal > ketika ada cahaya ditangkap menjadi bayangan atau bintik hitam
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