Socialism AN Utopian Concept

Presented By:
Sneha Bhongade (8083) Abhishek Parkar (8085) Arvind Patel (8086) Jayta Patel (8087) Animesh Patil (8088) Jyoti Patil (8089)

OVERVIEW OF ECONOMIC SYSTEM

Economist define an economic system as
The sum total of the devices by which preference among alternative purpose of economic activity is determined and by which individual activities are coordinated for the achievement of these purposes. The central problem of and economic system is the allocation of resources.
Sum total of devices

Individual alternatives

For achievement of purposes

To manage resources

ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Capitalism
Producer and Consumer goods Depend on 3 major objectives 1. What to produce 2. How to produce 3. for Whom to produce

Socialism
Production and Economic development Depend on 3 major objectives 1. Amount of work done 2. Consumption purpose 3. Individual skill

ECONOMIC SYSTEM
CAPITALISM
Private ownership of means of production Price mechanism Exploitation of labor

SOCIALISM
Social ownership of means of production Market mechanism Abolition of exploitation of labor

Laissez faire economic system

Collectivization economic system

Types of Socialism
Utopian Socialism State Socialism Christian Socialism Anarchism Marxian Socialism Communism Revisionism

Fabian Socialism
Syndicalism Guild Socialism

Utopian Socialists

Utopian Socialism
Popular 1700-1850 Utopian socialists wanted a perfect world:
Equality of the sexes

Shared wealth Education for all Cooperative living and communal property

Organized, pleasant towns

No war or fighting

Major Utopian Socialists

Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)
Claude Henri de Saint-Simon (1760-1825) Charles Fourier (1772-1837)

Robert Owen (1771-1858)

Karl Marx was influenced by the utopian socialists, but he was not one of them. He did not think they were very practical, and believed their envisioned worlds were impossible to achieve.

Sir Thomas More

Claude Henri de Saint-Simon

Charles Fourier

Robert Owen

thomas mores utopia

Utopia was named for the Greek words ou-topos, meaning no place, and eu-topos, meaning good place.
In the book New Latin Utopia coined by Sir Thomas Moore, the title describes an island which is perfect. In addition it emphasized that everything was based on logic and reason. He also emphasized the perfect lands religious toleration (except for atheists).

thomas mores utopia

Utopian Alphabet

Saint-simons ideal World

Saint-Simon believed in all the standard features of a socialist utopia. In addition, he also thought a perfect world would: Be governed by scientists and artists

Have free love

Saint-Simons friends and followers later invented a cult in which there was a he-pope and a she-pope.

Charles fouriers
Fourier had very specific plans for his utopia. Towns would have exactly 1,600 people

Jobs would be rotated so all could be happy

Men and women would be virtually the same

Wanted order, logic, and balance in all things

Phalanstere blueprints had three parts:

Quiet center with libraries and studies Noise-making wing for kids and workers to dance and meet with the public

Wing

fouriers phalanstre

fouriers phalanstre (In NJ)

Robert Owen
Owen started out just trying to make the lives of the poor better in New Lanark, Scotland, where he ran a mill owned by his father-in-law.
New Lanark Improvements:

Better housing
Safer, more pleasant jobs Training and education for all Discounts in town stores Alcohol sale limits

New Lanark, Scotland

New Lanark,
Scotland

Robert Owen
In 1825, Owen tried to create a perfect community, called New Harmony, in the United States. It failed after just two years. In New Harmony: 1,200 people shared one square building
Children were raised by the community

All decisions were made by the community

New Harmony, Indiana

Conclusion