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NURBS
P(u) = i=0 wiNi,k(u)pi n wiNi,k(u)
n
NURBS curve degree = k-1 P0, P1,..Pn control points Knot vector u = (u0, u1um) W= (w0, w1wm) weight non negative The number of control points and the number of weights must agree Use homogenous coordinates
disediakan oleh Suriati Bte Sadimon GMM, FSKSM, UTM, 2004
i=0
NURBS
If all wi are set to the value 1 or all wi have the same value we have the standard B-Spline curve NURBS curve equation is a general form that can represent both B-Spline and NURBS curves. A Bezier curve is a special case of a B-Spline curve, so the NURBS equation can also represent Bezier and rational Bezier curves.
NURBS : circle
NURBS equations represents the circle
Consider a half circle Split the half circle into two circular arcs -1 and 2 (actually many ways) P2 2 P4 1 P0
disediakan oleh Suriati Bte Sadimon GMM, FSKSM, UTM, 2004
P3
P1
NURBS : circle
Consider arc 1 Conic section (quadratic) degree = 2 3 control points, P0= (1,0) ,P1 =(1,1), P2 = (0,1) Knot value (0,0,0,1,1,1) Weights w0 =1 w1 = cos = cos 45 = 1/2 w2=1
P2 P1 P0
disediakan oleh Suriati Bte Sadimon GMM, FSKSM, UTM, 2004
NURBS : circle
Follow the same procedure for arc 2 We obtain P2= (0,1) ,P3 =(-1,1), P4 = (-1,0) Weights w2 =1, w3 = cos 45 = 1/2, w4=1 Knot value =(0, 0, 0,1,1,1) shifted to (1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2) for the composition
P3 2 P4
disediakan oleh Suriati Bte Sadimon GMM, FSKSM, UTM, 2004
P2
NURBS : circle
Composite curve (arc 1 and arc 2) P0= (1,0) ,P1 =(1,1), P2 = (0,1),P3 =(-1,1), P4 = (-1,0) Weights w0 =1 w1 = 1/2 w2=1, w3 = 1/2, w4=1 k = 3, n= 4 number of knot = 8 Knot value =(0, 0, 0,1,1,1) + (1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2) Knot value = (0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2) shift 1 value (0, 0, 0,1, 1, 2, 2, 2)
P3
P2 2 1
P1 P
P4
NURBS : circle
P3 2 P4 P2 P1 1 P0 P8 P7
P5
P6
P0= P8= (1,0) ,P1 =(1,1), P2 = (0,1),P3 =(-1,1), P4 = (-1,0), P5 =(-1,-1), P6 =(0,-1), P7 =(1,-1) Weights w0 =1 w1 = 1/2 w2=1, w3 = 1/2, w4=1 k = 3, n= 8 number of knot = 12 (0, 0, 0,1, 1,oleh Suriati3, Sadimon 4, 4) disediakan 2, 2, Bte 3, 4,
GMM, FSKSM, UTM, 2004
NURBS : circle
Other way split into 3 arcs
= 60
P3
P2
P4
P1
P0
P5
NURBS : circle
show that NURBS equations exactly represent the circle Consider arc 1 NURBS equation is
P(u) = wiNi,k(u)pi wiNi,k(u)
P(u) = w0P0N0, 3(u) + w1P1N1, 3(u) + w2P2N2, 3(u) w0N0, 3(u) + w1N1, 3(u) + w2N2, 3(u)
disediakan oleh Suriati Bte Sadimon GMM, FSKSM, UTM, 2004
NURBS : circle
w0 = w2 =1, w1 = 2 /2 N0, 3= (1-u) 2, N1, 3= 2u(1-u), N2, 3= u2 pls refer to last topic
(Curve1.pdf, slide 30)
P(u) = P0 (1-u) 2 +2 /2[P1 2u(1-u)]+ P2 u2 (1-u) 2 +2 /2[ 2u(1-u)]+ u2 P0 = [1,0,1] P1 = [1,1,1], P2 = [0,1,1] homogenous x(u) = (1- 2) u2 +2 (1-2)u + 1 (2- 2) u2 +(2-2)u + 1 y(u) = ( 1- 2) u2 +2u . (2- 2) u2 +(2-2)u + 1 disediakan oleh Suriati Bte Sadimon x(u) 2 + y(u) 2 = 1 - circle radius 1 prove!!
GMM, FSKSM, UTM, 2004
a NURBS curve of degree 3 with a knot vector as follows: u0 to u3 u4 u5 to u8 0 0.5 1 5 control points in the xy-plane and weights: P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 X -70 -70 74 74 -40 Y -76 75 75 -77 -76 w 1 0.5 4 5 1 Insert new knot t = 0.4
disediakan oleh Suriati Bte Sadimon GMM, FSKSM, UTM, 2004
u6 to u9 1