The future of display technology?

Prepared By: Sajith . B E6 CAS Mallappally

Presentation Outline
Introduction

History of display technology

FED technology FED packaging

How FEDs work

Comparison Advantages

Disadvantages
Applications Companies working on FED

Conclusion

Introduction
Displays are devices by which we can view moving

objects
Used in television and computers They also have wide use in laboratories and in

medical applications.

History of Display Technology

CRT 1950s

LCD 1960s

PLASMA DISPLAY 1970s

FED 1980s

FED Technology
The FED screen mainly contains three parts: Low-voltage phosphorous plate

A field emission cathode using a thin carbon sheet as

an edge emitter FED packaging, including sealing and vacuum processing

Structure of FED

Low voltage phosphor

The low voltage phosphors are the screens in which

the images are displayed In the display technology the phosphor screens act as anode, which receives the electrons emitted from the cathode The phosphors are made up of layers of three primary colours -green, red and blue

Field Emission Cathode

In the field emission display screen the cathode are

electron guns which emit electrons

Electron guns are called micro tips
The emission of electrons is called cold cathode

emission

Structure of micro tip

Micro tip - Different types

Wedge type emitter using silicon. Silicon tips with continuous coating of diamond

particles.
Single-crystal diamond particle on silicon tips.

Planar diode emitter.

Metal-insulator-semiconductor type planar emitter

Wedge type emitter using silicon

Silicon tips with continuous coating of diamond particles

Single crystal diamond particle on silicon tips

Planar diode emitter

Metal insulator semiconductor type planar emitter

FED packaging

FED - Working
This emission of electron occurs from the cold

cathode when a voltage is applied between the cathode and anode

These electrons propagate from cathode to anode

Working contd.
They bombard with the phosphor, which is the anode and

causes it to glow This reproduces the image on the screen by the mixing of colours present in the screen

Two ways of working

Low voltage anode

High voltage anode

Comparison with other displays

CRT

Advantages
Good color representation
Large viewing angle Fast response time (50 s) Low price

Shortcomings
Large and bulky (2 kg/in)
Flicker causes eye strain High power (11 W/in)

Multiple resolutions

Comparison contd
LCD

Advantages
Light weight (0.6 kg/in)
Low power (5 W/in) Less eye strain High brightness (500 Cd/m2)

Shortcomings
Small viewing angle
Slow response time (8 ms) Weaker contrast & color

FED: The Best of Both Worlds

Promised Advantages
Very light (100 g/in) Large Viewing angle (178o) Extremely fast (20 ns) Low power (0.2 W/in) High contrast (10x PDP) No flicker No dead pixels

Challenges: Technical Problems

Fluctuations in emission current Low cost manufacturing methods Developing for large areas Tip damage High vacuum levels required Vacuum tubes do require maintenance.

FED Applications
Sonograms
X-ray imaging Heart-rate monitors

Laptop computers
Hang-on-the-wall televisions Big screen and PC monitors

High-definition TV

Companies Researching FED

Canon and Toshiba joint venture in SED
Sony promises Spindt-type FED display in 2009 Samsung is researching CNTs, Applied Nanotech Inc.

have made a 25 display

Conclusion
CRT technology has already reached its

technological and marketing limits and will likely be replaced in 10 years. The modern world needs substances that are small in size. This shows that the cathode ray tube do not have much to do anything in the market in future. And it would die already, if Field Emission Display (FED) technology or any other displays would bring anything to the market.

References
BOOKS
ELECTRONICS FOR YOU, JUNE 2002 ELECTRONICS FOR YOU, JULY 2002 WEB WWW.SHARPWORLD.COM WWW.WTEC.ORG WWW.VIRTUALVISION.COM

THANK YOU