Table of Contents

Abstract I. Introduction *Background of the Study II. Statement of the Objectives *General Objectives *Specific Objectives

III.

Hypothesis

III.
V. VI.

Significance of the Study

Scope and Limitations of the Study Review of Related Literature

VII. Definition of Terms

VIII. Methodology *Research Design

*Materials and Tools

*Procedural design
IX. X. Results and Discussion Conclusions

XI.

Recommendations

XII. Bibliography XIII. Acknowledgment

List of Figures *Figure 1. Procedural design

*Figure 2: Gathering Of Materials

*Figure 3:Gathering Of Leaves

*Figure 4:Pounding of Madre De Cacao Leaves *Figure 5: Extracting of Madre De Cacao Leaves

*Figure 6: Distribution of Dog Fleas

*Figure 7: Treatment A- 100% concentration

is sprayed to 3 bags of dog fleas containing 10 dog fleas per bag. *Figure 8: Treatment B - 50% pure concentration and 50% water is sprayed to 3 bags of dog fleas containing 10 dog fleas per bag.

Figure 9:Treatment C - 25% pure concentration and 75 % water is sprayed to 3 bags of dog fleas containing 10 dog fleas per bag.

List of Tables Table 1: Table 2:

ABSTRACT The dog flea (Ctenocephalides canis) is a species of flea (Siphonaptera) that lives primarily on the blody of dogs. The dog flea is troublesome because it can spread Dipilidium caninum. Although they feed on the blood of dogs andcats, they sometimes bite humans. They can live without food for several months, but females must have a blood meal before they can produce eggs. They can deliver about 4000 eggs on the host fur. The researchers conducted this study entitled Pesticidal Effect of Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) Leaves Extract against Dog Fleas (Ctenocephalides canis).

In the conductance of the study, the Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia Sepium) Leaves were cleaned thoroughly, individualy air dry, and pounded to extract the juice. Different concentration of Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) Leaves Extract were made and three (3) treatments were prepared. 1. Treatment A with 100% pure extracts,Treatment B with 50% water and 50% pure extracts, and Treatment C 75% water and 25% pure extracts.

2. The result of the sudy presented that the treatment A with 100% pure extract has the hihest mean of mortality followed by Treatment B with 50% water and 50% pure extracts, and Treatment C 75% water and 25% pure extracts.

3. The researchers discovered that based on the experiment conducted that the higher the concentration the greater the number of mortality of the dog fleas.
4. Based on the result gathered, Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) Leaves Extract is efficient in exterminating dog fleas.

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study: According to Robin Tierney (November 29, 2011) Fleas, Ticks, Mosquitoes Prevention and Treatment, Fleas feed on animal blood and can trigger problems including skin irritation, allergic reactions, anemia and in rare cases, death. They can also carry tapeworms, which can infest your pet. If you see small rice-like particles around the dog's anus or in his feces, he probably has tapeworms.

This is the reason why the researchers conducted the study. To resolve this unwanted effect of dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis) . The researcher obtained a chemical substance from Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) as asource of pesticide. This is done through the process of pounding the Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) to get the juice. As seen in the present situation of the people concerning to the high cost of commercial pesticide being sold in the marketplace is unaffordable to the people. Moreover, dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis) pesticide is made from Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia Sepium) Leaves Extract that is rich in Tanins acts as a substitute for the commercialy prepared pesticides to minimize the expenditure of peaople.

STATEMENTS OF THE OBJECTIVE General Objectives: *This study aspires to discover if Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) leaves can be a potent source of pesticide for dog fleas. Specific Objectives: *To discover the pesticidal effectivity of the different concentration of Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia Sepium) leaves extract on dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis). *What is the mortality of dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis) after exposure to the different concentrations of the Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) leaves extract at the same period of time?

HYPOTHESIS The 100% Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) leaves extract is a suitable substitute to the costly sold commercialy prepared pesticide in the market. It is very effective upon exterminating dog fleas(Ctenocephalides canis). SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This study was conducted to determine the pesticideal effect of Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) leaves extract on dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis). The result of this study would be: (1) cheaper, it lessens the expenditure of the people; (2) eco-friendly, it is not harmful to the environment; (3) easy to produce,because of its abundance in the environment.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY The extraction of the Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium) extract is limitted only to the use of leaves. the stems and barks are not included in the study. There were three (3) different concentrations p. Treatment A100% pure extracts with 10 dog fleas; Treatment B--- 50% water & 50% pure extract with 10 dog fleas; and Treatment C--- 75% water and 25% pure extract with 10 dog fleas. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE According to Elevitch, Craig R. (2004). The Overstory Book: Connections with Trees. Permanent Agriculture Resources. pp. 152. ISBN 09702544-3-1. Retrieved 2008-09-26, G. sepium is also used for its medicinal and insect repellent properties. Farmers in Latin America often wash their livestock with a paste made of crushed G. sepium leaves to ward off torsalos.In the Philippines, the extract obtained from its leaves is used to remove external parasites. According to Robin Tierney (November 29, 2011) Fleas, Ticks, Mosquitoes Prevention and Treatment, Fleas feed on animal blood and can trigger problems including skin irritation, allergic reactions, anemia and in rare cases, death.

DEFINITION OF TERMS *Exterminate: to kill or destroy somebody or something completely *Mortality: the number of deaths that occur at a specific time, in a specific group, or from a specific cause. *Pesticide: are substances or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest.[1] * Asphyxiate- to kill or to deprive of life.

Methodology Research Design The Completely Randomize Design (CRD) undergo in a specific examination in the compilation of Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia Sepium) leaves extract and dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis).

Treatment
Treatment- A 100% concentration (10mL extract) Treatment- B 50% concentration(5 mL extract, 5ml water)

Replicates
R1 R2 R3

R1

R2

R3

Treatment- C 25% concentration R1 (2.5 mL extract, 2.5ml water)

R2

R3

Materials and Tools

*90 Dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis) *Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia Sepium) Leaves Extract *Water
*4 pieces of 10 mL graduated cylinder *50 mL beaker

*2 pieces mortar and pestle * 2 pairs of gloves

*3 pieces of masks *3 botle sprayer

*9 improvised net

Figure 1. Procedural design Gathering of materials needed Collection of Dog fleas Madre de Cacao collection and extraction Preparation of treatments concentrations Randomly distribution of dog fleas Exposure of Dog fleas with the different treatment Observation of mortality of Dog fleas Recording of data Analysis of data

Figure 2: Gathering Of Materials

Figure 3:Gathering Of Leaves

Figure 4:Pounding of Madre De Cacao Leaves

Figure 5: Extracting of Madre De Cacao Leaves

Figure 6: Distribution of Dog Fleas

Figure 7: Treatment A- 100% concentration is sprayed to 3 bags of dog fleas containing 10 dog fleas per bag.

Figure 8: Treatment B - 50% pure concentration and 50% water is sprayed to 3 bags of dog fleas containing 10 dog fleas per bag.

Figure 9:Treatment C - 25% pure concentration and 75 % water is sprayed to 3 of dog fleas containing 10 dog fleas per bag.