X

1.GEOMETRI IN SPACE

Y
Z

VECTORS
2
3 3
2
2 2
2
1 1
3 2 1 3 2 1
3 2 1 3 2 1
) ( ) ( ) (
) , , ( ) , , (
: tan . 1
) , , (
Q P Q P Q P PQ
Q Q Q Q and P P P P
f ormula ce dis The
P P P k P j P i P P P Vector
+ + =
= =
= + + = =

3 3 27 ) 5 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 (
) 1 4 ( ) 4 5 ( ) 3 4 (
) ( ) ( ) (
) 4 , 5 , 4 ( ) 1 , 4 , 3 (
: 1
2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2
3 3
2
2 2
2
1 1
= = + + =
+ + + =
+ + =

P Q P Q P Q PQ
Q P
Example
) , , (
) ( ) ( ) (
) 0 , 0 , 0 (
:
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
c b a is central the
c z b y a x
is central the
r z y x
equation the and Sphere
=
+ +
=
= + +
(0,0,0)
(a,b.c)
0
: tan
2 2 2
= + + + + + + D Cz By Ax z y x
shpere of equation dart S
5 ) 1 , 2 , 4 (
25 ) 1 ( ) 2 ( ) 4 (
46 1 4 16 ) 1 ( ) 2 ( ) 4 (
46 ...) 2 ( ....) 4 ( ...) 8 (
0 46 2 4 8 :
: 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
=
= + + + +
= + + + +
= + + + + + + +
= + + + +
radius and center The
z y x
z y x
z z y y x x
Solution
z y x z y x equation with
sphere of radius and center the Find
Example
4,-2,-1
x
y
z
D Cz By Ax
plane of equation The
= + +
:
Normalplane
N(A,B,C)
3 0 , 0
4 0 , 0
6 0 , 0
12 4 3 2
: 3
= = =
= = =
= = =
= + +
z y x
y z x
x z y
z y x of graph the sketch
Example
6
3
4
t
r
a
c
e

x
z
z
axis z the to paralel plane e th so
axis z cross never plane The Solution
y x equation linier the
of graph the sketch
Example

= +
:
6 3 :
: 4
10 5 2 :
. 3
0 25 2 2
:
. 2
) 1 , 2 , 3 ( ) 2 , 1 , 1 ( ) 1 , 0 , 3 ( int . 1
:
2 2 2
= +
= + + + +

y x equation linier the of

graph the sketch
z y x z y x
equation with
sphere of radius and center the Find
C B A po the plot
Exercise
5 0
2 0
3
= =
= =
x y
y x
no jwb
2
5
origin The c
axis y b
plane xy a
the to f rom ce dis Find
. .
.
.
) 1 , 3 , 2 ( tan . 4

P(2.3.1)
0,0,0
space three in
Vector
2
3
2
2
2
1
3 2 1
) , , (
. 1
a a a a
by denoted a of length
a a a a
a of length
+ + =

VEKTOR
1. GAMBAR VEKTOR
2. PANJANG VEKTOR
3. PERKALIAN TITIK=DOT=HSL SKALAR
4. SUDUT 2 BUAH VEKTOR
5. PERKALIAN SILANG=a x b
HSLVEKTOR
6.Jumlah 2 buah vektor
7Persamaan garis dalam vektor
8.Pers bidang
9jarak 2 buahbid
u cos
) (
) , , ( ) , , (
. . 2
3 3 2 2 1 1
3 2 1 3 2 1
b a b a
scalar b a b a b a b a
b b b b and a a a a
product dot The
=
+ + =
= =

b a
b a
arc
b a
b a
b and a between angle The



=
=

cos
cos
. 3
u
u
27 38
13
cos
27 38
13
27 38
5 12 6
cos
) 1 ( 4 3 5 3 2
) 1 , 4 , 3 ( ) 5 , 3 , 2 (
cos
cos :
) 1 , 4 , 3 ( ) 5 , 3 , 2 (
: 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
arc
b a
b a
Solution
b and a angle the Find
Example
=
=
+
=
+ + + +

=
= =
= =


u
u
u
u

)) ( ), ( ), ( (
) , , ( ), , , (
. 4
3 3 2 2 1 1
3 2 1 3 2 1
b a b a b a b a
b b b b a a a a
vectors two of Sum
+ + + = +
= =

b

+ b a

a
x
y
z
A
B

b
) , , ( ) , , (
) , , ( ) , , (
) , , ( int ), , , ( int
3 2 1 3 2 1
3 2 1 3 2 1
3 2 1 3 2 1
b b b a a a B A BA vector
a a a b b b A B AB vector
b b b B po a a a A Po
= =
= =

5.
ta cons k
ka ka ka a a a a a
a a paralel are vectors two The
tan
) , , ( ) , , (
// : . 6
3 2 1
2
3 2 1 1
2 1
=
= =

a1
a2
) ( ) ( ) (
) (
) , , ( ), , , (
. 7
1 2 2 1 1 3 3 1 2 3 3 2
3 2 1
3 2 1
3 2 1 3 2 1
b a b a k b a b a j b a b a i
b b b
a a a
k j i
b c and a c c b x a
b b b b a a a a
product cross The
+
=
=
= =


b dan a antara sudut
c x b a
b x a
b a
c
b
a
soal
. 4
) ( . 3
. 2
. 1
) 5 , 3 , 3 (
) 2 , 6 , 4 (
) 7 , 4 , 3 (
:
-
-
=
=
=
) 2 , 34 , 50 ( ) 2 ( 34 50
2 6 4
7 4 3 . 3
58 ) 28 ( 30
80
18
126
84
24
90
5 3 3
2 6 4
7 4 3
) ( . 2
22 14 24 12 . 1
) 2 , 6 , 4 (
) 5 , 3 , 3 ( ), 7 , 4 , 3 (
:
= + = =
= + =

= -
= + = -
=
= =
k j i
k j i
b x a
c x b a
b a
b
c a
soal
) 13 , 11 , 6 ( ) 13 ( ) 11 ( ) 6 (
) 4 9 ( ) 2 9 ( ) 6 12 (
3 3 1
2 4 3
) 3 , 3 , 1 ( ), 2 , 4 , 3 ( : 2
= + =
+ + =

=
= =


k j i
k j i
k j i
b x a
b a Example
ped paralelepi of area the b a b x a
b x a a
b and a between angle is
space three in vector be b and a Let
A Theorem
= =
= -




u
u
sin . 2
0 ) ( . 1
,
:
u
sin a
a
b
u
b
b sin a
u AREA=
) 5 , 1 , 3 ( , ) 1 , 2 , 3 ( ), 4 . 2 . 1 (
3
C B A
triangle of area the Find
Example
77
2
1
4 64 9
2
1
) 2 ( ) 8 ( ) 3 (
2
1
) 2 ( ) 6 2 ( ) 3 0 (
2
1
1 1 2
3 0 2
2
1
2
1
) 1 , 1 , 2 ( ) 4 , 2 , 1 ( ) 5 , 1 , 3 (
) 3 , 0 , 2 ( ) 4 , 2 , 1 ( ) 1 , 2 , 3 ( 3
=
+ + = + =
+ + =

= = V
= = =
= = =

k j i
k j i
k j i
AC x AB Area
A C AC
A B AB Solution


b a if only if paralel are
space three the in b and a vectors Two
B Theorema
//
c b a c b a c x b x a
bxc a c b x a
a x a a x x a
v x ka b x a k
c x a b x a c b x a
a x b b x a
space three the in vectors are c and b and a If
C Theorema
) . ( ) . ( ) ( . 6
) .( . ) .( 5
0 , 0 0 0 . 4
) ( ) ( . 3
) ( ) ( ) ( . 2
) ( . 1
,
:
=
=
= = =
=
+ = +
=


LINES
) , , (
, ,
) ( , ) ( , ) (
) , , ( ) , , (
) , , ( ) , , ( ) , , (
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
z y x through equation parametric are These
t c z z bt y y t a x x
t c z z bt y y at x x
tc tb ta z z y y x x P P V t P P
c b a V and z y x P and z y x P Let

+ = + = + =
= = =
= = =
=

0
P
P
V
) , , ( ) , , (
) , , ( ) , , ( ) , , (
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
tc tb ta z z y y x x P P V t P P
c b a V and z y x P and z y x P Let
= = =
=

V
t z
t y
t x
B mel grs vektor pers
atau
t z
t y
t x
A mel grs vektor pers
C B A A B AB v grs arah jawab
xy bidang memotong tersebut garis titik Dimana b
B and A
titik melalui garis vektor pers Cari a
Example
6 2
8 6
2 5
) 2 , 6 , 5 (
6 4
8 2
2 3
) 4 , 2 , 3 (
) , , ( ) 6 , 8 , 2 (
) ( .
) 2 , 6 , 5 ( ) 4 , 2 , 3 (
.
. 1
=
+ =
+ =

=
+ =
+ =

= = = =

) 2 , 6 , 5 ( ) 4 , 2 , 3 ( :
. 1
and through line the f or
equation parametric the Find
Example
? .
2 1
2 4
4 3
2
2
3
3 2
2
1
n berpotonga
l dan l apakah
t z
t y
t x
l
t z
t y
t x
l
grs pers diketahui
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
? .
2 1
3 2
6 1
12 13
2
1
3
4 1
1
. 36
n berpotonga
l dan l apakah
t z
t y
t x
l
z
t y
t x
l
grs pers diketahui
+ =
+ =
+ =
=
+ =
+ =
? .
2 1
2 7
6
4
2
3 5
3
7 1
1
n berpotonga
l dan l apakah
t z
y
t x
l
t z
t y
t x
l
grs pers diketahui
+ =
=
=
=
+ =
+ =
Normal
) , , (
0 0 0 0
z y x P
) , , ( z y x P
D Cz By Ax
z C y B x A Cz By Ax
z z C y y B x x A
N P P
C B A normal N
z z y y x x P P P P
z y x P z y x P
Planes
= + +
+ + = + +
= + +
=
=
= =
) ( ) ( ) (
0 ) ( ) ( ) (
) ( 0
) , , ( ) (
) , , (
) , , ( ), , , (
:
0 0 0
0 0 0
0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0

26 6 4 2
0 ) 2 ( 6 ) 3 ( 4 ) 1 ( 2
0 ) ( ) ( ) (
) 2 , 3 , 1 ( ) , , ( :
) 6 , 4 , 2 (
) 2 , 3 , 1 (
: 1
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
= + +
= + +
= + +
=
z y x
z y x
z z C y y B x x A
P z y x P Solution
N to lar perpendicu
through plane equation the Find
Example
B at angle the check H
B A if
triangle
right a is ABC trangle that Show
Exercise
int
) 5 . 2 , 10 , 1 )( 1 , 1 , 3 ( ), 3 , 3 , 6 (
: 1

) (. ) (
0 6 18 12 ) (. ) (
) 5 . 1 , 9 , 4 (
) 4 , 2 , 3 (
: 1
BC BA
BC BA
B C C B
B A A B
Solution

= + =
= =
= =

t z
t y
t x
l and
t z
t y
t x
l
lines paralel the
contains that plane equation the Find
Exercise
+ =
=
=
=
+ =
+ =
1
4 3
2 2
: 2
2
4 1
2 2
: 1
2
11 6
0 ) 2 ( 12 ) 1 ( 2 ) 2 ( 2
) 12 , 2 , 2 ( ) 12 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 (
1 4 2
1 2 4
) 1 , 4 , 2 ( ) 1 , 2 , 4 (
), 1 , 2 , 4 (
) 1 , 4 , 2 ( ), 1 , 3 , 2 ( : 2
) 1 , 4 , 2 ( ), 2 , 1 , 2 ( : 1 : 2
1 2 1
1 2 2 1
2 2
1 1
= + +
= + + +
= + =

= =
= =
= =
= =
z y x
z y x
k j i
k j i
V P P Normal
P P P P
V P l
V P l Solutions
plane the of equation the find and Intersect
6
2
1
1
1
2
2
4
3
2
4
1
: . 3
+
=

z y x
and
z y x
lines the that Show
) 3 , 2 , 6 ( ) 5 , 1 , 2 (
line the for
equation parametric the Find . 4
and through
t z t y t x
P Q V
z y x through equation parametric are These
t c z z bt y y t a x x
andQ throughP equation line
no
8 5 , 1 , 8 2
) 8 , 1 , 8 ( ) 5 3 , 1 2 , 2 6 ( ) (
) , , (
, ,
) 3 , 2 , 6 ( ) 5 , 1 , 2 (
: 4
0 0 0
0 0 0
= + = + =
= + = =

+ = + = + =

t z
t y
t x
garis lurus tegak dan
ik melaluitit bidang persamaan Cari
=
=
=

2 3
2
) 3 , 4 , 1 ( . 5
4 2
0 ) 3 ( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 1 ( 1
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) 0 (
) , , ( ) 1 , 2 , 1 (
2 3
2
) 0 , 0 , 0 ( ) 3 , 4 , 1 ( . 5
= +
= + +
+ + =
= = =
=
=
=
=
z y x
z y x
z z c y y B x x A bid pers
C B A normalbid garis arah
t z
t y
t x
garis lurus tegak dan
z y x ik melaluitit bidang persamaan Cari
2 3 4
) 3 , 0 , 1 (
) 4 , 1 , 2 ( . 5
= +

z y x bid lurus tegak harus

dan
ik melaluitit bidang persamaan Cari
t z
t y
t x
garis danmelalui
ikA melaluitit bidang persamaan Cari
2 4
1
) 3 , 0 , 2 ( . 22
+ =
=
+ =
11 6
0 ) 2 ( 12 ) 1 ( 2 ) 2 ( 2
) 12 , 2 , 2 ( ) 12 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 (
1 4 2
1 2 4
) 1 , 4 , 2 ( ) 1 , 2 , 4 (
), 1 , 2 , 4 (
) 1 , 4 , 2 ( ), 1 , 3 , 2 ( : 2
) 1 , 4 , 2 ( ), 2 , 1 , 2 ( : 1 : 2
1 2 1
1 2 2 1
2 2
1 1
= + +
= + + +
= + =

= =
= =
= =
= =
z y x
z y x
k j i
k j i
V P P Normal
P P P P
V P l
V P l Solutions
56 22 16
0 ) 4 ( 1 ) 2 ( 22 ) 1 ( 16
0 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 , 2 , 1 (
) , , ( ) 1 , 22 , 16 (
) 1 ( 3 1 . 4 ( )) 1 ( 2 6 ) 4 (( ) 1 . 2 6 . 3 (
6 1 1
2 3 4
) 6 , 1 , 1 ( 6t -2 z , t 1 y , t - 2 x : 2 line
) 2 , 3 , 4 ( 2t - 4 z , 3t 2 y , 4t - 1 x : 1 line
: is plane the of equation The
0 0 0
2 1
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
= +
= +
= + + =
= =
+ =

= =
= + = + = =
= = + = =
z y x
z y x
z z C y y B x x A P let
C B A N
k j i
k j i
xV V Line normal The
V
V
t z
t y
t x l
t z
t y
t x l
sejajar
grs buah belalui bid persamaan cari
=
=
=
=
+ =
+ =
2 4
3 2
4
2 3
2 1
:
2
t z
t y
t x l
z
t y
t x l
grs buah belalui bid persamaan cari
3 2
6 1
2 13 2
1
3
4 1 1
2 . 28
+ =
+ =
+ =
=
+ =
+ =
27 12 12 3
0 ) 1 ( 12 ) 3 ( 12 ) 1 ( 3 ) 1 , 3 , 1 (
) , , ( ) 12 , 12 , 3 (
) 3 , 6 , 12 (
) 0 , 1 , 4 (
) 3 , 6 , 12 (
3 2
6 1
12 13
2
) 0 , 1 , 4 (
1
3
4 1
1
2 . 28
2 1
2
1
= +
= + + =
=
= =
=
+ =
+ =
+ =
=
=
+ =
+ =
z y x
z y x mel bid pers
C B A
x xV V Nbid
V
t z
t y
t x
l
V
z
t y
t x
l
grs buah belalui bid persamaan cari
soal2
mbarkan z bidang dibawah terletak yang
y x z paraboloid bagian luas Tentukan
z y x dan y x z
oleh dibatasi yg benda vol Tentukan
polar bentuk kedalam ubah dydx y x
dx dy y x f menjadi dy dx y x f Ubah
dx dy y x f menjadi dy dx y x f Ubah
x
y
y
x
o , 2
. 5
: . 4
.... ) ( . 3
) , ( ) , ( . 2
) , ( ) , ( . 1
2 2
2 2 2 2 2
2
1
0
1
0
2
1
0
2
0 0
2
2
=
+ =
+ + + =
+
} }
} } } }
} } } }

SUDUT DARI DUA BUAH BIDANG

2 1
2 . 1
cos
N N
N N
arc
lines Normal the between angle the is
planes two between angle The
= u
u
N1
N2
161 74
93
cos
25 36 100 49 9 16
) 5 , 6 , 10 ).( 7 , 3 , 4 (
cos
) 5 , 6 , 10 (
) 7 , 3 , 4 (
:
2
1
arc
arc
N
N
Solution
=
+ + + +

=
=
=
u
Garis perpotongan dari dua
buah bidang
) sec (int
6 , 50 5 , 27 4
) 6 , 50 , 27 (
5 6 10
7 3 4
) 0 , 5 , 4 ( ) 0 ,....., 4 ( 4 0 , 8 9 2
.... 10 5 6 10
1 7 3 4
2 1
planes of line the of tion er
t z t y t x
k j i
N N V
x z z x
z y x
and z y x
Contoh
= = + =
=

= =
= = = =
= +
= +
I
II
N2
N1
bid dua t garisperpo pers cari
z y x
and z y x
soal
.... 3 2
2 2
21
= + +
= + +
t z
t y
t x
V titik
z x y ambil y x
z y x
z y x
xN N V
N z y x
N z y x
bid dua t garisperpo pers cari
z y x
and z y x
soal
3 4
0
1
) 3 , 1 , 1 ( ), 4 , 0 , 1 (
4 , 1 , 0 , 1
3 2
2 2
) 3 , 1 , 1 ( 2 1
) 1 , 2 , 1 ( 2 3 2
) 1 , 1 , 2 ( 1 2 2
.... 3 2
2 2
21
+ =
=
=
=
= = = =
= + +
= + +
= =
= = + +
= = + +
= + +
= + +
diatas perpot grs memuat
dan melalui bid pers Cari b
bid dua t garisperpo pers cari
z y x
and z y x
soal
) 2 , 4 , 1 ( .
.... 3 2
2 2
21

= + +
= + +
3 2 2
0 2 4
) 2 , 4 , 1 ( . 17
) 1 , 2 , 1 ( .
.... 3 2
2 2
21
= +
= +

= + +
= + +
z y x dan
z y x perpot grs memuat
dan melalui bid pers Cari b
diatas perpot grs memuat
dan melalui bid pers Cari b
bid dua t garisperpo pers cari
z y x
and z y x
soal
tersebut melalui grs bid pers Cari
t z
t y
t x
l
z
t y
t x
l
potongan ber l dan garisl apakah
soal
2
3 2
6 1
12 13
2
0 1
3
4 1
1
??? 2 1
28
=
=
= +
=
=
= +
JARAK TITIK KE BIDANG
Langkah 2:
Jarak titik P kke bidang
Ambil smbarang titik pada bidang
tsb(misal titik A)
Buat vektor AP=P-A
Cari N maka ketemu rumus dibawah ini

plane the in po any A which
N
N AP
L
or
C B A
D Cz By Ax
L
D Cz By Ax plane the to
z y x P po a f rom ce dis The
int
) , , ( int tan
2 2 2
0 0 0
0 0 0

=
+ +
+ +
=
= + +

L
A
Normal
P
N
N AP
L
N
N AP
L
AP L
AL P AP

=
=
=
=

u
u
cos .
cos .
u
0 5 2
) 7 , 1 , 2 ( tan
:
= + z y x plane the to
P f rom ce dis the Find
Example
29
26
29
12 18 4
16 9 4
) 4 , 3 , 2 ( ) 3 , 6 , 2 (
) 4 , 3 , 2 (
) 3 , 6 , 2 ( ) 0 , 0 , 0 (
0 4 3 2 int
:
=

=
+ +

= =
= = =
=

N
N AP
N
A P AP A
z y x plane the on po any A
Solution
15 4 3
0 8 6 2
tan
:
2 2 2
= + +
= + + + +
z y x plane the to
z y x z y x
sphere the f rom ce dis the Find
Example
0 l fore there
26
26
4 12 18
) 1 , 4 , 3 (
) 4 , 3 , 6 (
) 0 , 0 , 5 (
) 4 , 3 , 1 ( , 26 radius has sphere The
26 ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 1 (
0 16 9 1 ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 1 (
: Solution
2 2 2
2 2 2
=
=
+
= = =
= =
=
= =
= + + + +
= + + + +

N
N AP
L N
A P AP
A
central the
z y x
z y x