Algebra/1

Wed/Ma/3
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Aims and Objectives

 To introduce and understand the

concept of algebra

 To learn how to put words into

algebra

 To understand basic algebra

 To revise Basic Algebra

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Key Words

 Consecutive numbers
 Algebra
 Coefficient
 Variable
 Number Pattern
 Sequence
 Term
 nth term rule
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Quick-Fire

Have a go at these questions!!

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x+12=26
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2x+5=17
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3x+10=29.
5
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9x+57=75
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9x=207
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x+(2x)=?
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x(x+5)=?
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2(x+7)=?
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3x(2+1)=?
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(x+1)(x+2)
=?
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Answers

1. 14 6.3x
2. 6 7.x2+5x
3. 6 ½ 8.2x+14
4. 2
9.either:
5. 23
6x+3x or 9x
10. x2+3x+2
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Algebra

 Algebra is the branch of maths that

uses letters, symbols, and/or
characters to represent numbers and
express mathematical relationships.
 These symbols are called variables.
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9x+2y=18
9
Coefficients
Variables
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Subject #1
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How to change from english

to algebra…

A number is doubled, then 3 is

added to the total, and the result is
15. What was the Original Number?
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Long-Winded English
Ink-Saving Algebra

A number x
Double it 2x
Then add Three 2x+3

The Result is Fifteen 2x+3=15

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Questions

1. A group of 3 workers were paid £50

per hour plus a tip of £30. They
shared the takings and each got
£110. How many hours did they
work for?
2. I have a number. My number is
doubled, then 11 is added, and the
result is 25. what is my starting
number?
Ext. I have a number. My number is
squared, then doubled. My answer
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Answers: Question
1

x3

-30

50
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Answers: Question
2
-11

2
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Answers: Question
EXT

simplify
Reciprocal Word Problem

 Suppose one painter can paint

the entire house in twelve hours,
and the second painter takes
eight hours. How long would it
take the two painters together
to paint the house?
  If the first painter can do the entire job in twelve
hours and the second painter can do it in eight
hours, then (this here is the trick!) the first guy can
do 1/12 of the job per hour, and the second guy can
do 1/8 per hour. How much then can they do per
hour if they work together?
To find out how much they can do together per hour,
I add together what they can do individually per
hour: 1/12 + 1/8 = 5/24. They can do 5/24 of the job per
hour. Now I'll let "t" stand for how long they take to
do the job together. Then they can do 1/t per hour,
so 5/24 = 1/t. Flip the equation, and you get
that t = 24/5 = 4.8 hours. That is:
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 hours to complete job:

  first painter: 12
  second painter: 8
  together: t
 completed per hour:
  first painter: 1/12
  second painter: 1/8
  together: 1/t
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Adding their labour:

1
/12 + 1/8 = 1/t
5
/24 =  /t
1

24
/5 = t
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Plenary
Do you…
 Understand what Algebra is?
 Understand what is a coefficient?
 Understand what is a variable?

Can you…
 Convert English into Algebra?
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Independent Work

 Question 1:
 1) 4 2)-1 3)-3 4)-2
5)6 6)-20 7)-9 8)-11
9)24 10)6
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Question 2 Part 1

2000: J = 11W 

J + 12 = 3W + 36 or 3(W+12)
J + 12 = 3W + 36 
(11W) + 12 = 3W + 36 
11W – 3W = 36 – 12 
8W = 24 
W = 3

William was 3 years old in 2000.

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Question 2 Part 2
g + 3 = 6(m – 1) m + g = 68  (m – 1)
g + 3 = 6m - 6 m = 68 – g
g + 3 = 6(68 – g) – 6
g + 3 = 408 – 6g - 6
g + 3 = 402 – 6g
7g = 399
g = 57
68 – g = m = 11
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Question 2 Part 3
Hint!
Consecutive means “next
n (n+1) 15 to each other”. Consecutive
numbers are numbers that
are next to each other (e.g.
n + (n+1) = 15 7, 8, 9, 10 etc.)

2n + 1 = 15

2n = 14

n=7
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Question 2 Part 4
First Guy : 1/6 of the job per hour
New Guy: 1/8 of the job per hour
(Add their labour time) : 1/6 + 1/8 = 7/24
They work for 2 hours so:
2(7/24) = 7/12
1 - 7/12 = 5/12 of the job left to do

will take to do 5/12 of the job. Let "h" indicate the number of hours he nee

( 1/8 job / hour) × (h hours) = 5/12 job

h
/8 job = 5/12  job
h
/8 = 5/12
h = ( 5/12) × ( 8/1) = 10/3 = 3 1/3

The New Guy takes 3 hours and 20 minutes more to complete the job.
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Subject #2
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Terms

Before you can do anything in algebra

you have to really understand what a
term is…

A term is a collection of numbers,

letters and brackets all
mutiplied/divided together.
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Simplifying

“Simplify”:

Collect like terms:

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Expanding Brackets
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Squared Brackets
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Factorising (putting
BRACKETS in)

=
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Subject 2: Sequences and the nth term rule

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Number Pattern Types

 Common Difference (e.g. +3)

 Increasing Difference (e.g. +2, +3,
+4)
 Decreasing Difference (e.g. -10, -9,
-8)
 Multiplying Factor (e.g. x2)
 Dividing Factor (e.g. 5)
 Adding Previous Terms
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Finding the nth term: -

Common Difference
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Finding the nth term: -

Changing Difference
a=1
d=3

1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36… C=2

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Method (easy way out)

 Recognise the sequence (if it is

increasing decreasing etc.)

1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36…

Increasing, Squared
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Find the Difference between

the terms…
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Half the Number, then put

the number in front of n2
• 2 2 2 2

2 Divided by 2 =
4 So the first part =
1n 2
or n 2
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Compare the _n2 sequence to

the original sequence
1 4 9 16 25 36
1 4 9 16 25 36
0 0 0 0 0 0

So that means the sequences are the

SAME

So: T(n)=n 2
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Practice

Find the nth term:

2.3, 7,11,15,19…
3.2,5,10,17,26…
4.97,89,81…
5.-1, 0, 3, 8…
6.11, 22, 33…
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Answers

1. 4n-1
2. N2+1
3. 105-8n
• n2-2n
5. 11n
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Plenary

Do you:
 Understand what a term is?
 Understand what a sequence is?

Can you:
 Work out an nth term rule?
 Name the different sequence types?