TORRENT DOWNLOADS

By: Hemanth kumar.M 09C21A0442

CONTENTS

What Is Torrent ?

Origin ?
Why Bit Torrent ? Sharing files ? Torrent Lingo ? Components of Bit Torrent protocol ?

Advantages ?
Limitations ? Conclusion ?

TORRENT DOWNLOAD ?????

I NTRODUCTION

A Peer-to-Peer file sharing protocol.

One of the most common protocols for transferring large files and accounts for about 35% of traffic on the internet.
BitTorrent maximizes transfer speeds by breaking down a large file into numerous small pieces and allows the recipient to download each tiny piece from different clients. The sole objective of BitTorrent is to quickly replicate a single large file to a set of clients.

B RAHM C OHEN

TORRENTS MEANS HEAVY RAIN

DEVELOPED BY BRAM COHEN IN 2001

BASED ON P2P TECHNOLOGY INTIALLY DEVELOPED IN PYTHON,LATER SWITCHED TO C++ ACCOUNTS FOR 27-55% INTERNET TRAFFIC

W HY B IT TORRENT ??

T RADITIONAL C LIENT - SERVER

DOWNLOADING

Client-server computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or work loads between service providers (servers) and service requesters, called clients. It works like this: - You open a Web page and click a link to download a file to your computer. - The Web browser software on your computer (the client) tells the server (a central computer that holds the Web page and the file you want to download) to transfer a copy of the file to your computer. - The transfer is handled by a protocol (a set of rules), such as FTP (File Transfer Protocol) or HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).

D RAWBACKS

Traffic congestion on the network has been an issue since the inception of the client-server paradigm. As the number of simultaneous client requests to a given server increases, the server can become overloaded. The client-server paradigm lacks the robustness of a good P2P network. Under client-server, should a critical server fail, clients requests cannot be fulfilled. In P2P networks, resources are usually distributed among many nodes.

T HE B IT TORRENT P ROTOCOL

Peer-to-peer file sharing is different from traditional file downloading. In peer-to-peer sharing, you use a software program (rather than your Web browser) to locate computers that have the file you want. Because these are ordinary computers like yours, as opposed to servers, they are called peers.

BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer file sharing protocol allowing users to distribute large amounts of data without putting the level of strain on their computers that would be needed for standard Internet hosting. The protocol works as an alternative data distribution method that makes even small computers with low bandwidth capable of participating in large data transfers.

F ILE S HARING

Data or a file with 5 pieces

( CONTD ..)

As the file segments are downloaded by more and more peers, the peers become the sources for further downloads.

Because the tracker randomizes the list of peers, the load gets spread randomly

TORRENT L INGO

C OMPONENTS

Bit torrent client software. .torrent file or Metainfo file. Leechers Peers Seeds Tracker Torrent index server

It controls all operations such as.Reads information contents in .torrent file. After reading .torrent file it send message to tracker to send list of peers. Connected to peers Keep all records of the file which is receiving.

( CONTD ..)

It has extension as .torrent It is extremely small(up to 100 kb). It is downloaded from torrent index server.

Contains the information that points to the actual file and people who are sharing it.

( CONTD ..)

Info Size of piece Total no. of piece SHA number

THERE ARE THE CLIENTS WHO HAS ENTIRE FILE. THEY UPLOADS FILES TO OTHERS PEERS.

( CONTD ..)

It is the client which is responsible for file transfer.

Downloading speed of any file using torrent depends on a number of peers.

Peers=leech + seed

Tracker is the server. It contains all database about peers of a torrent It provides all list of peers which are associated with a paticular torrent These trackers are mentioned in the metafile. Client s/w sends request to send list of peers. Connected all peers.

Source of .torrent file Torrent search engine

O PERATION

You open a Web page and click on a link for the file you want. BitTorrent client software communicates with a tracker to find other computers running BitTorrent that have the complete file and those with a portion of the file. The tracker identifies the swarm, which is the connected computers that have all of or a portion of the file and are in the process of sending or receiving it. The tracker helps the client software trade pieces of the file you want with other computers in the swarm. Your computer receives multiple pieces of the file simultaneously.

If you continue to run the BitTorrent client software after your download is complete, others can receive .torrent files from your computer.

( CONTD ..)

Downloading pieces of the file at the same time helps solve a common problem with other peer-to-peer download methods: Peers upload at a much slower rate than they download. By downloading multiple pieces at the same time, the overall speed is greatly improved. The more computers involved in the swarm, the faster the file transfer occurs because there are more sources of each piece of the file.

A DVANTAGES

BitTorrent is an open-source program offers a spywareand nuisance-free installation. Allows users to share large amounts of data in a short span of time.

Discourages freeloading by rewarding fastest uploaders.

BitTorrent requires that users share files back with the community, so no one can get files without also giving files this level of reciprocity makes the system stronger and faster. The more popular a file is the more people want a copy of it the faster it can be downloaded, because there are more places to get pieces of it.

(C ONTD ..)

Does not require high technical knowledge to use the BitTorrent- an average person needs not a user guide . By downloading a fraction of the file (1/10th) from ten to fifteen computers at the same time, the file is downloaded much faster. BitTorrent enables distributors to share the distribution load with all the people who get a copy of it, reducing the bandwidth burden on the distributor.

L IMITATIONS

Lack of anonymity- BitTorrent does not offer its users anonymity. The leech problem- A BitTorrent user may often choose to leave the swarm as soon as they have a complete copy of the file they are downloading. The cheater problem- There are "cheating" clients like BitThief which claim to be able to download without uploading.

Speed- Average BitTorrent download speed is limited by the combined average upload speed of "peers" (other nodes with partial copies which are also downloading) and "seeds" (complete copies that are only uploading).

C ONCLUSION

Study indicates that BitTorrent traffic accounts for more than 40% of the total network traffic. BitTorrent is a well thought-out protocol that embraces aspects of cooperation and self-optimizing mechanisms. BitTorrent is a well thought-out protocol that embraces aspects of cooperation and self-optimizing mechanisms. Swarming is an efficient way to speed up downloads

R EFERENCES

Analysing BitTorrent, Xinuo Chen ,Stephen A. Jarvis , 2007 International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering A performance study of BitTorrent-like peer-to-peer systems ,Lei Guo Songqing Chen, Zhen Xiao Enhua Tan, Xiaoning Ding Xiaodong Zhang , Ohio State Uni. , Selected Areas In Communications, IEEE Journal. http://www.bittorrent.com

http://www.wikipedia.org/bittorrent
http://www.bittorrent.org http://computer.howstuffworks.com/bittorrent.htm

Q UESTIONS ??

THANK YOU