Superplasticizers

Guided by: Er. Shaista Kanni. Lecturer, Deptt. Of Civil Engg. SSM College of Engg. & Tech. Presented by: Mubashir Bashir. Enrollment. No: 1213. B.E 7th Sem, Civil.

CONTENTS
Introduction. The evolution and development of

super plasticizers.

How plasticizers work in concrete.

Material and experimental methods.

Results and discussion.

Super plasticizers

INTRODUCTION
Almost magically like an alchemist turning lead into gold, super plasticizers transform stiff low-slum concrete into flowing, pourable, easy placed concrete. Super plasticizers are polymers which added to concrete, increase the fluidity at early stage without affecting the setting and hardening behaviour of concrete. They can improve workability, speed finishing, increase strength and help reduce shrinkage and thermal cracking. Among the most important admixtures presently used in preparing concrete are super plasticizers, which are preferred for their ability to enhance concrete properties, making it :

More workable and easier to place. Have better mechanical behaviour due to low water cement ratios required. Cheaper because the cement content can be optimised.
Super plasticizers

Main Purpose
Produce flowing concrete. Easy placement . High-strength .

Super plasticizers

The evolution and development of super plasticizers.

Today admixtures constitute an essential part of concrete technology. The most important ones are super plasticizers, which play the most effective role in this activity. The first research findings were published by the American Duff, A. Abrams in 1918 under the title Design of Concrete Mixtures. In concrete technological terms : the plasticizers appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. The application of increasingly effective materials led to the introduction of new terms denoting stronger plasticizing effects. These new materials were named Super plasticizers.

Super plasticizers

Contd.
To date the latest development in super plasticizer technology is given in figure.

Super plasticizers

How plasticizers work in concrete

Deflocculation:
Portland cement particles have a strong tendency to flocculate when mixed with water. This tendency is the result of several types of interactions e.g; i). Vander Walls interaction. ii). Electrostatic interactions, and iii). Strong interactions (or bridging). To achieve a homogenous distribution of water and the optimal water cement contact the cement particles must: i). be properly deflocculated. ii). be kept in a state of high dispersion.
Super plasticizers

Contd. Other Aspects:

Reduction of surface tension. Induced electrostatic repulsion between particles. Lubricating film between cement particles. Change in morphology of the hydration products, and Induced steric hindrance preventing particle-to-particle contact.

Super plasticizers

Important factors
Type of plasticizer. Dosage. Time of addition of super plasticizer. Amount of cement.
Super plasticizers

Benefits
Reduce machine wear. Better surface texture. Improve strength in less time. Reduce absorption. Super plasticizers Eliminate fine

Disadvantages
High cost. Brief action (picture: restoration of the Queen Isabella Causeway after collapse in Sep. 15, 2001, time was very important). Need strong, sealed forms.
Super plasticizers

Materials and Experimental methods

Three types of super plasticizers were investigated for this study. Their chemical structures are described in the table given below:

Super plasticizers

Contd

The three super plasticizers were: 1. A polycarboxylate-type super plasticizer with a polyoxyethylene graft chain (PCP). 2. A polynapthalene-sulphonate polymer (PNS). 3. A diphosphonate terminated mono-functional polyoxyethylene polymer.
Super plasticizers

Results and discussion

The interaction of super plasticizers with C3A when hydration occurs in presence of gypsum was studied with three types of super plasticizers. Diphosphonate does not modify the average rate of precipitation. No adsorption occurs during the first minutes. PNS may act on C3A hydration by decreasing its dissolution rate, in consequence of its strong initial adsorption.
Super plasticizers

Contd
PCP also slows down precipitation, but the decrease of precipitation is less strong than PNS. Whereas PCP may decrease the C3A dissolution rate. The comparison between the amount of super plasticizer adsorbed during the precipitation is given in the following bar chart:

Super plasticizers

Comparison between the amount of super plasticizer adsorbed during the precipitation.

Super plasticizers

References
http://www.chemisol.com http://www.edpsciences.org http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure http://www.fritzpak.com http://www.precastconcretebc.com http://www.reefball.org/adva
Super plasticizers

Thank You!