Control Tests for Concrete

Ch. 16

Project Specifications

Characteristics of the mixture

Maximum size aggregate Minimum cement content

Characteristics of the cement, water aggregates and admixtures Characteristics of the plastic and/or hardened concrete

Temperature, slump, air content Compressive and/or flexural strength

Frequency of Testing

FA Aggregate Moisture testing

Twice daily 1% change effects mix water requirement by 13 pcy First batch of concrete delivered each day When consistency appears to vary Strength cylinders are made Temperature of concrete recorded

Slump Test

Cont

Air content tests

Initial batch of concrete When concrete test cylinders are made Temperature of concrete recorded

Cont

Concrete strength testing for each class of concrete placed

Not less than once per day Not less than once for each 150 cy of concrete placed Not less than once for each 5000 sq ft. of surface area for slabs and walls.

One 7-day, two 28-day cylinders are required for each test and one or more hold specimens.

Moisture Content of Aggregates

Oven dry method Microwave Moisture meter

Electrical resistivity

Plastic Concrete

Sampling freshly mixed concrete

ASTM C 172 2 or more portions within a 15 minute window

Consistency

Slump test ASTM C 143

Test to be completed in 2 minutes after obtaining sample

K-slump tester Kelly Ball Vebe consistometer

Cont

Temperature measurement

ASTM C 1064 This test should be completed within 5 minutes after obtaining the sample ASTM C 231 pressure method ASTM C 173 volumetric method Test to be started within 5 minutes after obtaining sample

Air content

Density and Yield

ASTM C 138

Unit weight of plastic concrete Yield provides information concerning volumetric quantity of concrete produced per batch

Y = total weight of components/unit weight

Time of setting

ASTM C 403

Penetration resistance as a function of time Initial set 500 psi (2-6 hours) Final set 4000 psi (4-12 hours)

Strength specimens

ASTM C 31 field molded specimens ASTM C 192 laboratory specimens 6 x 12 for 1 inch or greater max size CA 4 x 8 for -inch or less Beams are 6 x 6 x 30-inches Field specimens cured in same manner as structure Lab specimens cured in sat. limewater or moist room.

Destructive Testing of Hardened Concrete

ASTM C 39 for test cylinders

Strength effected by L/D ratio Condition of the ends of samples Sulfur mortar caps vs unbonded neoprene caps Loading rate (20-50 psi/sec)

ASTM C-78 for flexural strength using third point loading.

ASTM C-293 for flexural strength using center point loading.

Strength Tests of Hardened Concrete

Compressive Strength Testing of Concrete, ASTM C39

Unbonded neoprene caps, ASTM C1231

Flexural Strength - 3rd Point Method, ASTM C78 Flexural Strength - Center Point Loading, ASTM C293 Splitting Tensile Strength of Concrete. ASTM C496 fr = 7.5*(fc)1/2

Failure Modes of Compression Testing

Flexure Strength Testing Third Point Loading

Flexure Strength Testing Center Point Loading

P

depth

L = span

Splitting Tensile Test

Air Content

Petrographic Determination ofAir-Void System, ASTM C457

hardened concrete air-void system void size and air-void distribution system

freeze/thaw durability

Density(Gs), Absorption and Voids

ASTM C642

Density or Unit Weight of Hardened Concrete Absorption of Hardened Concrete Volume of Voids in Hardened Concrete

Density of Hardened Concrete by Nuclear Density Gage

Other Tests

Determination of Chloride Ion Content in Hardened Concrete

ASTM C1152 ASTM C1218

Volume and Length Change

Shrinkage of Hardened Concrete

ASTM C157

Durability

Frost Resistance

ASTM C666 Freezing in air and thawing in water Freezing in water and thawing in water Dynamic modulus of elasticity
ASTM C1012 ASTM C876 - Potentiometric Mapping

Sulfate Resistance

Corrosion Resistance

Corrosion Determination Potentiometric Mapping

Cont

Abrasion Resistance

ASTM C779 ASTM C944 ASTM C1138 (underwater test) Phenolphthalein indicator method

Carbonation

Permeability

ASTM C1202 Rapid Chloride Permeability Test

Nondestructive Test Methods

Rebound Hammer Tests

Schmidt Hammer

http://www.corvib.com/concrete/ schmidt.htm

NDT
Penetration Testing - Windsor Probe

Maturity Testing

In-place Compressive Strength In-place Shear Strength

Pullout Tests

NDT

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity

Dynamic modulus of elasticity Cracking

Pulse Velocity Testing

NDT

Other Dynamic Tests

Impact echo

Impact Echo Testing