AN APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

PILL CAMERA
PRESENTED BY

A.PALLAVI(III/IV B.E) A.BHAVYA(III/IV B.E)

ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

S.R.K.R ENGINEERING COLLEGE

BHIMAVARAM

CONTENTS
1.
2. 3.

4.
5. 6.

Introduction How to manufacture using Nanotechnology Pill Camera and its working Drawbacks and Our solutions Applications of Nanotechnology Conclusion

INTRODUCTION

Nanotechnology is technology of manufacturing products at molecular levels

It is the manipulation of miniscule matter .It can be visualized as billionth of meter or millionth of a mm or 1/80000 width of human hair.

It was first introduced by Drexler in 1981.

MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS USING NANOTECHNOLOGY

Manipulation of individual atoms

For manipulation Assemblers - Explicators

whose diameters are of atomic scales, on the order of nanometers, create copies of themselves.

- Self replication process :process in which devices

REQUIREMENTS OF SELF REPLICATION PROCESS

Each unit be a specialized machine called nanorobot. Existence of all energy & ingredients to build copies of nanorobots. Environmental conditions: - excessive turbulence - temperature - intense radiation

PILL CAMERA

It is pill sized camera that travel through our body taking pictures & diagnose a problem

Advantageous over conventional endoscope system

DESCRIPTION
It is in capsule form. Camera: takes thousands of high quality digital images .video chip consists of IC CMOS image sensor

Lights: proper illumination Micro actuator: to store information Transmitter: Antenna is used to transmit images to receiver.

WORKING

Swallows as a normal capsule. Muscular waves propel it forward through stomach into small intestine. As it glides through digestive track , it takes snaps twice a second. Transmit images to data recorder. Processed and analyzed using computer. Safe without any side effects.

Risk of obstruction for patients with gastrointestinal structures or narrowings. If there is obstruction the pill will get stuck there. Impossible to control the camera behavior.

Drawbacks

Solutions
Rice grain sized motor which propels the pill. It can break the painful kidney stones inside the body. Other drawback can be overcome by using bidirectional wireless telemetry camera.

BIDIRECTIONAL WIRELESS TELEMETRY CAMERA

11mm in diameter. Can transmit video images from inside human body & receive the control signals from an external control unit.

It can demodulate external signals to control the camera behavior & 4 LEDs. Image sensor provides high level functionality with in small print footage which can easily interface with VCR TV monitor

EXTERNAL CONTROL UNIT

Switches in front of unit is encoded into 4 channels control signals. These signals are transferred to synthesizer & modulated into RF signal using OOk transmitter. CH1- on/off CMOS image sensor. CH2-4 control LED lighting The total power consumption can be reduced by turning off camera power during dead time.

APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

To make cancer cells & viruses harmless using nanorobots. to perform delicate surgeries
change your physical appearance Create molecular computers.

This fascinating application of nanotechnology in the field of medicine is in the form of Pill camera has shown to world that wonders miniaturization can workout. As televisions, airplanes ,computers revolutionized the world in the last century, scientists claim that nanotechnology will have an even more profound effect on the next century. Nanotechnology is likely to change the way almost everything, not only in medicine but also computers and cars, are designed and constructed.
Electronics for you, journal

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Web Sites: www.sciencedaily.com www.zyvex.com. www.nanotech.gov

THANK YOU
KAKINADA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

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