By: P.

CHANDRASHEKHAR (11031EIB04)

PROFILE
BIOMASS ENERGY BENEFITS BARRIERS SUPPLY CHAIN BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS INVESTMENT IN BUSINESS POWER SECTOR

OVERVIEW
Biomass is a renewable energy source that is derived from living or recently living organisms. Biomass includes biological material, not organic material like coal. Energy derived from biomass is mostly used to generate electricity or to produce heat. Thermal energy is extracted by means of combustion, torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification. Biomass can be chemically and biochemically treated to convert it to a energy-rich fuel.

INDIAS POWER SCENARIO

Total installed capacity 150323 MW Per-capita power consumption 704kWh Power generation 2.4% of the world Power consumption 3.3% of the world

POWER SECTOR COMPOSITION

POWER SECTOR COMPOSITION

24.7 COAL 53.3 0.9 10.5 GAS OIL HYDRO

POWER USAGE

USAGE
22.9 DOMESTIC 8.1 INDUSTRIAL COMMERCIAL 35.6 AGRICULTURAL

24.8

GEOGRAPHIC AREAS
Comes from the forest Can also come from plant and animal waste Wood and waste can be found virtually anywhere Transportation costs

Conversion of biomass waste into energy

Gasification: Exposing a solid fuel to high temperatures and limited oxygen produces biogas. Pyrolysis: Heating the biomass can produce pyrolysis oil and phenol oil leaving charcoal. Digestion: Bacteria, in an oxygen-starved environment can produce methane. Fermentation: Bio-material that is used to manufacture Ethanol and Bio-diesel by an anaerobic biological process in which sugars are converted to alcohol by the action of microorganisms, usually yeast. Solid Fuel Combustion: Direct combustion of solid matter.

Supply chain

Government regulations
National Electricity Policy 2005 Tariff Policy 2006 National Rural Electrification Policies, 2006 Electricity Act 2003

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN BIOMASS SECTOR

Biomass has the highest potential for small scale business development and mass employment. Characterized by low cost technologies and freely available raw materials, it is still one of the leading sources of primary energy for most countries. Opportunities are diverse, and are present in such different sectors

Future plans of Foreign companies

Cleanergen Corporation India Pvt. Ltd(u.s.a) Areva (France) Astonfield Renewable Resources (u.s.a)

Investments
Green Planet Energy Private Limited has invested a sum of 9.6 billion rupees (US$228/145 million) on setting up 14 biomass power projects in the state of Punjab. This has added 147MW of renewable energy to the state's portfolio.

Barriers
High transactions cost Limited interest in power projects High investment risks Lack of working capital Fuel supply risks Operational risks

conclusion
Biomass is a potential alternative to fossil fuels but it is not very viable. There are many problems in the development and transportation of it and carbon is a byproduct of processing of biomass, just like it is a byproduct of fossil fuels. There are better alternative energies.

References