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Design and drawing of RC

Structures
CV61
Dr. G.S.Suresh
Civil Engineering Department
The National Institute of Engineering
Mysore-570 008
Mob: 9342188467
Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com
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WATER TANKS
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Learning out Come
REVIEW
DESIGN OF CIRCULAR WATER TANK
RESTING ON GROUND WITH RIGID
BASE

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When the joints at base are flexible,
hydrostatic pressure induces maximum
increase in diameter at base and no
increase in diameter at top
When the joint at base is rigid, the base
does not move
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Tank with flexible base
Tank with rigid base
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Design of Circular Tanks resting on
ground with Rigid base
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Due to fixity at base of wall, the upper
part of the wall will have hoop tension
and lower part bend like cantilever.
For shallow tanks with large diameter, hoop
stresses are very small and the wall act more
like cantilever
For deep tanks of small diameter the
cantilever action due to fixity at the base is
small and the hoop action is predominant
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The exact analysis of the tank to
determine the portion of wall in which
hoop tension is predominant and the
other portion in which cantilever
action is predominant, is difficult
Simplified methods of analysis are
1. Reissners method
2. Carpenters simplified method
3. Approximate method
4. IS code method
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IS code method
Tables 9,10 and 11 of IS 3370 part IV
gives coefficients for computing hoop
tension, moment and shear for various
values of H
2
/Dt
Hoop tension, moment and shear is
computed as
T= coefficient (
w
HD/2)
M= coefficient (
w
H
3
)
V= coefficient (
w
H
2
)
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Thickness of wall required is computed
from BM consideration


where,
Q= o
cbc
jk
j=1-(k/3)

b = 1000mm
Qb
M
d=
st cbc
cbc
m
m
k
o + o
o
=
11
IS code method
Over all thickness is then computed as
t = d+cover.
Area of reinforcement in the form of
vertical bars on water face is computed
as

Area of hoop steel in the form of rings is
computed as
jd
M
A
st
st
o
=
st
1 st
T
A
o
=
12
IS code method
Distribution steel and vertical steel for
outer face of wall is computed from
minimum steel consideration
Tensile stress computed from the
following equation should be less than
the permissible stress for safe design
st
c
A ) 1 m ( t 1000
T
+
= o
the permissible stress is 0.27 \fck
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IS code method
Base slab thickness generally varies
from 150mm to 250 mm and minimum
steel is distributed to top and bottom
of slab.
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Design Problem No.1 on Circular Tanks
resting on ground with Rigid base
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A cylindrical tank of capacity 7,00,000 liters is
resting on good unyielding ground. The depth
of tank is limited to 5m. A free board of 300
mm may be provided. The wall and the base
slab are cast integrally. Design the tank using
M20 concrete and Fe415 grade steel .
Draw the following
Plan at base
Cross section through centre of tank.
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Step 1: Dimension of tank
H= 5-0.3 = 4.7 and volume V = 700 m
3
A=700/4.7 = 148.94 m
2
D= \(4 x 148.94/t) = 13.77 ~14 m

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Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and
bending moment
One meter width of the wall is
considered and the thickness of the wall
is estimated as t=30H+50 = 191 mm.
The thickness of wall is assumed
as 200 mm.
Referring to table 9 of IS3370 (part IV), the
maximum coefficient for hoop
tension = 0.575

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Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and bending
moment (Contd.)
Tmax=0.575 x 10 x 4.7 x 7 =189.175 kN
Referring to table 10 of IS3370 (part IV),
the maximum coefficient for
bending moment = -0.0146 (produces
tension on water side)
Mmax= 0.0146 x 10 x 4.73=15.15 kN-m
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Step 3: Design of section:
For M20 concrete ocbc=7, For Fe415 steel
ost=150 MPa and m=13.33 for M20
concrete and Fe415 steel
The design constants are:
j=1-(k/3)=0.87
Q= ocbcjk = 1.19
Effective depth is calculated as

mm 94 . 112
1000 x 19 . 1
10 x 15 . 15
Qb
M
d
6
= = =
39 . 0
m
m
k
st cbc
cbc
=
o + o
o
=
20
Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)
Let over all thickness be 200 mm with effective
cover 33 mm
d
provided
=167 mm


Spacing of 16 mm diameter bar =


(Max spacing 3d=501mm)
Provide #16@275 c/c as vertical reinforcement
on water face

2
6
st
st
mm 16 . 695
167 x 87 . 0 x 150
10 x 15 . 15
jd
M
A = =
o
=
c / mmc 23 . 289
16 . 695
1000 x 201
=
21
Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)
Hoop steel:


Spacing of 12 mm diameter bar =


Provide #12@80 c/c as hoop reinforcement on water face

Actual area of steel provided
2
3
st
1 st
mm 1261
150
10 x 275 . 189 T
A = =
o
=
c / mmc . 89
1261
1000 x 113
=
2
st
mm 5 . 1412
80
1000 x 113
A = =
22
Step 4: Check for tensile stress:




Permissible stress = 0.27\fck=1.2 N/mm2 > oc Safe
2
3
st
c
mm / N 87 . 0
5 . 1412 x ) 1 33 . 13 ( 200 x 1000
10 x 275 . 189
A ) 1 m ( t 1000
T
=
+
=
+
= o
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Step 5: Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of steel is 0.24% of concrete area
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 200 = 480 mm
2

Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar =


Provide #8 @ 100 c/c as vertical and horizontal
distribution on the outer face.
c / mmc . 7 . 104
480
1000 x 24 . 50
=
24
Step 5: Base slab:
The thickness of base slab shall be 150 mm. The base
slab rests on firm ground, hence only minimum
reinforcement is provided.
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 150 = 360 mm
2
Reinforcement for each face = 180 mm
2

Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar =


Provide #8 @ 250 c/c as vertical and horizontal
distribution on the outer face.
c / mmc . 279
180
1000 x 24 . 50
=
25
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Design Problem No.2 on Circular Tanks
resting on ground with Rigid base
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Design a circular water tank to hold
5,50,000 liters of water. Assume rigid
joints between the wall and base slab.
Adopt M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel.
Sketch details of reinforcements.
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Step 1: Dimension of tank
Volume of tank V=550 m
3
Assume H= 4.5
A=550/4.5 = 122.22 m
2
D= \(4 x 122.22/t) = 12.47 ~12.5 m
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Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and
bending moment
One meter width of the wall is considered and
the thickness of the wall is estimated as
t=30H+50 = 185 mm. The thickness of wall is
assumed as 200 mm.


Referring to table 9 of IS3370 (part IV), the
maximum coefficient for hoop
tension = 0.575
8 1 . 8
2 . 0 5 . 12
5 . 4
Dt
H
2 2
~ =

=
30
Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and bending
moment (Contd.)
Tmax=0.575 x 10 x 4.5 x 6.25 =161.72 kN
Referring to table 10 of IS3370 (part IV), the
maximum coefficient for bending moment
= -0.0146 (produces tension on water side)
Mmax= 0.0146 x 10 x 4.53=13.3 kN-m
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Step 3: Design of section:
For M20 concrete ocbc=7, For Fe415 steel ost=150 MPa
and m=13.33 for M20 concrete and Fe415 steel
The design constants are:


j=1-(k/3)=0.87
Q= ocbcjk = 1.19
Effective depth is calculated as

39 . 0
m
m
k
st cbc
cbc
=
o + o
o
=
mm 7 . 105
1000 x 19 . 1
10 x 3 . 13
Qb
M
d
6
= = =
32
Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)
Let over all thickness be 200 mm with effective
cover 33 mm
d
provided
=167 mm


Spacing of 16 mm diameter bar =

(Max spacing 3d=501mm)
Provide #16@300 c/c as vertical reinforcement
on water face

2
6
st
st
mm 27 . 610
167 x 87 . 0 x 150
10 x 3 . 13
jd
M
A = =
o
=
c / mmc 36 . 329
27 . 610
1000 x 201
=
33
Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)
Hoop steel:


Spacing of 12 mm diameter bar =


Provide #12@100 c/c as hoop reinforcement on water
face

Actual area of steel provided
2
3
st
1 st
mm 13 . 1078
150
10 x 72 . 161 T
A = =
o
=
c / mmc 104
13 . 1078
1000 x 113
=
2
st
mm 1130
100
1000 x 113
A = =
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Step 4: Check for tensile stress:




Permissible stress = 0.27\fck=1.2 N/mm2 > oc Safe
2
3
st
c
mm / N 76 . 0
1130 x ) 1 33 . 13 ( 200 x 1000
10 x 72 . 161
A ) 1 m ( t 1000
T
=
+
=
+
= o
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Step 5: Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of steel is 0.24% of concrete area
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 200 = 480 mm
2

Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar =


Provide #8 @ 100 c/c as vertical and horizontal
distribution on the outer face.
c / mmc . 7 . 104
480
1000 x 24 . 50
=
36
Step 5: Base slab:
The thickness of base slab shall be 150 mm. The base
slab rests on firm ground, hence only minimum
reinforcement is provided.
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 150 = 360 mm
2
Reinforcement for each face = 180 mm
2

Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar =


Provide #8 @ 250 c/c as vertical and horizontal
distribution on the outer face.
c / mmc . 279
180
1000 x 24 . 50
=
37
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A TYPICAL DRAWING
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Dr. G.S.Suresh
Civil Engineering Department
The National Institute of Engineering
Mysore-570 008
Mob: 9342188467
Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com