Low Power Design Of Digital FIR Filters

Project Guide: Zaheer Ahamed.

Batch No: 8 S. Sunil Kumar. P. Harshitha. S. Ayesha Farheen. S. Abdul Subahan.

Relevance of the Title:

Reduction of power in multipliers of FIR filters.

Reduction in the number of partial products.

Different multiplication methods are used to

reduce the power consumption.

Power consumption can be minimized upto 110

mw by using these multiplication methods.

Filter:
A device

which removes some unwanted

frequency components from a signal.

For signal separation and signal restoration.

Filter Classification:
Analog

Digital Filters.

Discrete time Continuous time Filters Linear Non-Linear Filters. variant Time invariant Filters. Passive Filters.

Time

Active

Digital Filter:
A

system that performs operations on a sampled,

discrete time signal.

Consists of an analog-to-digital converter at the input

side.
And

a digital-to-analog converter will be required at

the output stage.

Impulse Response:

It is a measurement how a filter responds to the

given inputs.
Based

on this IMPULSE RESPONSE, filters are

classified into two types:

FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filters and IIR (Infinite Impulse Response) filters

FIR Filter:
A filter

whose impulse response is of finite duration.

The

impulse response settles to zero in finite time

interval.
The

impulse response of an Nth-order discrete-time

FIR filter lasts for N+1 samples, and then settles to zero.

IIR Filter:

IIR systems have an impulse response of infinite

duration, in contrast to FIR filters.

The

exponential function never settles at a fixed

value.

Difference between IIR & FIR Filters:

IIR Filter
1. Depends on both, i/p and o/p. 2. IIR filter has no particular phase.

FIR Filter
1. Depends only on i/ps. 2. FIR filter always makes a linear phase.

3. Compared to FIR ,IIRs are 3. FIR is simple to design. difficult to design.

4.IIR filters are unstable as it has infinite impulse response. 5.IIRs are very high sensitive to the filter coefficient Quantization Error.

4.FIR filters are stable(BIBO). 5.FIRs are low sensitive to filter coefficient Quantization Error.

Why we prefer FIR Filters??

Design of FIR filters is easy.

FIR filters have a linear phase response and no

feedback.

FIR filters are always stable i.e., it will give a non

zero output.
The The

magnitude Response can be varied easily. errors arising are comparatively less than IIR.

Literature Survey

Available methods: Conventional multiplication: 0100 * 0001 1*0 1*1 1*0 1*0

0*0 0*1 0*0 0*0

0*0 0*1 0*0 0*0 0*0 0*1 0*0 0*0 0

partial products

One AND Gate is required for each partial product.

Drawbacks:

Consumption of the power is more.

speed of the device gets reduced.

The

Circuit becomes more complex. device occupies more space.

The

Proposed Systems:

Radix-4 Multiplication System. (Booths multiplication)

Serial Multiplication Method.

Radix-4 Multiplier:

Radix-4 is a one of the proposed method to reduce

the no. partial products.

The

number of partial products will be reduced by

n/2.
Power consumption

will be reduced.

In this multiplier, two bits are combined to give

partial products.

Serial Multiplier:

It is a 1-bit multiplier. Single AND gate is used. Power consumption will be very low. Less space occupation. In this four multipliers are used and four adders are

used .

Some delay elements are used here for storing the

output and adding it to the next output.

Tools to be used:

Xilinx ISE 12.1 version.

Power calculated by Xilinx X-power analyzer. Model sim software 10.3 student edition. HDL.

Verilog

Expected Output:
Power Speed

consumed in the system by the multiplier. and delay characteristics should be found out. of hardware complexity.

Reduction

Role of batch mates:

S. Sunil Kumar Simulation.

P. Harshitha Design of Booths Multiplier.

S. Ayesha Farheen Design of Serial Multiplier.

S. Abdul Subahan Literature Survey.