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Chapter 10

Web splice
Introduction
The web of a plate girder consists generally of several
pieces connected together, since web plate can be
obtained according to the depth in the lengths from 5 to
10 m only. In welded construction, shop web splice shall
be made with penetration butt welds next Fig ()
s s
s s
s s
Field splices in the web shall be designed to resist the
shear and moments at the splice section. In bolted
construction, splice plate shall be provided on each side as
shown in last Fig. ().
If a web is cut at section S S, the normal stresses and
shear stresses at the section must be transferred from
plate A to plate B by splice plates and bolts. One of the best
methods to make a web splice is to put splice plates on the
web
1-Calculation of splice plate
The compression force C
1
in the part of the web (height p1)
is transmitted by the two bolts r
1
to the splice plates and
from there by the two bolts to the web plate B.

Sec s-s
m
r' m
r'
r'
1
2
r' r'
2
1
r'
s
Q Q
s
C
P1
6 1
6 2
t p C
1 1 1
o =
let m= No. of bolts in one row depending on diameter of
bolts and pitch.
n = number of rows on one side of the splice
Horizontal force on one bolt =
m
t p

m
C
1 1 1
o
=
The shearing force Q is transmitted from the web plate A
by all the bolts in this side to the splice plate S and from
their by all the bolts in the other side to the web plate B.
Vertical force on one bolt =

n m
Q

- The additional forces due the couple Q3e are usually


neglected.
- Minimum number of rows of bolts in the splice plate S
is two.
Maximum force on remotes + bolt =
m
t p
n m
Q
2
1 1
2
|
.
|

\
|
o
+
|
.
|

\
|

- This maximum force | (R


sh
and R
b
).
- R
sh
= the shear strength of bolts (clause 6.4.1,
p100).
- R
b
= the bearing strength of bolts (clause 6.4.2,
p100).
q
b
= 0.25 F
ub
For bolts of grade (4.6, 5.6, 8.8)
q
b
= 0.20 F
ub
For bolts of grade (4.8, 5.8, 6.8, 10.9)
R
sh
= q
b
3A
s
3n (n = No. of shear planes)
R
b
= F
b
3 d 3 min t
F
b
= o 3 F
ub

F
b
= o 3 F
ub

o depends on end distance (S), (Table 6.2)


End distance in direction of force

/

/

/

/

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

o
/3d /2.5d /2 d /1.5d
2-Second Method for web splice
The number of bolts connecting the splice plate to the web is
determined from the condition that the resisting moment of
the web should equal the resisting moment of the bolts.
Let M and Q be the maximum resistance bending moment
and the actual shear force respectively at the splice section.
M
w
~ bending moment takes by the web
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

w flange
w
w flange
w
total
w
A A 6
A
M
6 / A A
6 / A
M
I
I
M
The bolts in splice are subjected to vertical force due to
shear force and to horizontal force to bending moment.
Due to moment there will be horizontal force in each bolt
which will be proportional to the distance of the bolt
from the C.G of the bolt group (all bolts are of the same
diameter). Due to shear, the bolts are subjected to vertical
force and it is assumed that this force is the same in all
bolts.
The pitch of bolts provided should be uniform. This can
be proved as shown below:-
Let F
max
be the force in the bolt situated as maximum
distance d
max
from the C.G of the bolt group. The force F
i

in any bolt at d
i
distance from C.G of the bolts will be
given by;
i
max
max
i
d
d
F
F =
I
d M
F
max W
max

=
2
dd
d
1
d
2 d
1
F1
F
2
2 F
1
F
I= the moment of
inertia about the
neutral axis of the
bolt group on one
side only of the
splice above and
below the neutral
axis =

2
d
| |
(

+ + + =
+ + + =
max max
2
2
max
max
2
1
max
max
max max 2 2 1 1 w
d F . .......... d
d
F
d
d
F
m 2
d F . .......... d F d F m 2 M



| |

=
+ + + =
2
max
max
max
2
2
2
1
max
max
w
d
d
F
m 2
d . .......... d d
d
F
m 2 M

=
2
max W
max
d
d M
F
Vertical force due to shear Q
bolt
=
n m
Q
applied

Maximum force on remotest bolt =



= least strength of one bolt (shear or bearing) = R
( )
2
applied
2
max
n m
Q
F
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
Putting .

Number of rows = .
m
Q
K and ,
y
y M
K
2
2
max w
1
=

R
K K
n
2
2
2
1
+
=
3-Thickness of splice plate
Two splice plates, one on each side, are provided the
moment of inertia of the two splice plates must be less
than the moment of inertia of the web.
Note
hs = hw - 2- 5 cm
hs = hw - (5 10 cm )
12
2
12
3 3
s s w w
h t
x
h t
>
hs
tw
ts
hw

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