IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT PRESPECTIVE

All ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people.

Life span, comprehensive, Holistic,

EDUCATION ARE ALSO KEY NURSING ROLES.

VIRGINIA HENDERSON
IDENTIFIED 14 BASIC NEEDS : 1. Breathing normally 2. Eating and drinking adequately 3. Eliminating body wastes 4. Moving and maintaining desirable position 5. Sleeping and resting 6. Selecting suitable clothes 7. Maintaining body temperature within normal range 8. Keeping the body clean and well-groomed 9. Avoiding dangers in the environment 10. Communicating with others 11. Worshipping according to ones faith 12. Working in such a way that one feels a sense of accomplishment 13. Playing/participating in various forms of recreation

14. Learning, discovering or satisfying the curiosity that leads to normal development and health and using available health facilities.

Martha Rogers Concept of Science of Unitary Human Beings, and Principles of Homeodynamics Nursing is an art and science that is humanistic and humanitarian. It is directed toward the unitary human and is concerned with the nature and direction of human development. The goal of nurses is to participate in the process of change..
ADULT ADULT TEENAGER

PRE SCHOOL

TODLER

INFANT

Amuba-era

FOUR ORIENTATIONS TO LEARNING

(After Merriam and Caffarella 1991: 138) Aspect Learning theorists

BEHAVIOURIST
Pavlov, Watson, Skinner

COGNITIVIST
Lewin, Piaget, Ausubel, Gagne

HUMANIST SOCIAL &SITUATIONAL

Maslow, Rogers Bandura,

View of the learning process

Change in behaviour

Internal mental A personal process (insight, act to fulfil information potential. processing, memory, perception

Interaction social contexts. Movement from the periphery to the centre of a community

Locus of learning

Stimuli in external environment

Internal cognitive structuring

Affective and Learning is in cognitive relationship between needs people & environment.

Purpose in education

Produce behavioural Develop capacity and Become self- Full participation in change in desired skills to learn better actualized, communities of practice direction autonomous and utilization of resources

CHANGE IN BEHAVIOUR

Internal mental process (insight, information processing, memory, perception)

Interaction social contexts. Movement from the periphery to the centre of a community

PIAGET THEORY

PSIKOANALISA
Oral (0-18 bulan), kesenangan berpusat pada mulut Anal (8 bulan 4 tahun), kesenangan pada anal

Phallic (3 tahun 7 tahun), tertarik pada perbedaan jenis kelamin

Latency (5 tahun 12 tahun) meningkat peran sex proses identifikasi pada orang tua persiapan berperan sebagai orang dewasa dan menjalin hubungan Genital (12 tahun 20 tahun) Menjalin hubungan dengan hetero seksual Sexual pressures

Super Ego

Moral, social, ideal, Religion Ego

Rasional, the realita of principles, between id-Super Ego Id Basic impulse, Unconsciousness, The principles of constancy, Psychoseksual

ERIKSON Oral (0-18 bulan), kesenangan berpusat pada mulut Autonomy Vs Shame & Doubt (Toddler, 1-3 tahun) Initiative Vs Guilt, (Preschool, 4 5 tahun) Industry Vs Inferiority (School age, 6 11 tahun) Identity Vs Role Confusion (Adolesence, 12 20 tahun) Intimacy Vs Isolation ( Young adulthood 20 40 tahun) Generativity Vs Stagnantion ( Midle adulthood, 41 65 tahun) Ego Integrity Vs Despair (Late adulthood, 65 tahun lebih)

Konteks Tahapan Kehidupan Antesenden Peristiwa Hidup Misalnya: Pernikahan Menjanda Pekerjaan Baru Kecelakaan Variabel Kelahiran Perantara anak Misalnya : Kesehatan Fisik Intelegensia Kepribadian Dukungan keluarga Pendapatan
Hasil Perubahan Fungsional

Proses Adaptasi
Menilai Ancaman nn
Perbedaan Dalam Informasi Perilaku tujuan Penggunaan Strategi Pencapaian Tujuan Penilaian resiko Pembuatan Kebijakan bertindak

Hasil Perubahan Disfungsional

Konteks Sosiohistoris

KASUS Ners Asti pernah bertugas di R. perinatologi dan konsultan kesehatan reproduksi pra nikah. Satu tahun terakhir ia menangani klien Ca Recti stad. IV (metastase) kondisi terminal illness. Ners Asti berupaya menganalisa kebutuhan dasar klien menurut Virginia dan M. Roger. Perawat mengajarkan bagaimana merubah perilaku klien agar makan tinggi serat dan sayur. Secara psikologis Klien menyimpan potensi positif yang harus dibangkitkan perawat meskipun kadang ia merasa bingung dengan penampilannya dan merasa bukan sebagai laki-laki 1. 2. 3. 4. Jelaskan karakteristik klien dalam konsep keperawatan menurut ICN Data apa yang menunjukan peran perawat mulai konsepsi- menjelang ajal. Berikan contoh peran edukasi pada anak. Jelaskan konsep kebutuhan dasar menurut Virginia & Roger terkait pertumbuhan dan perkembangan klienn 5. Jelaskan cleint orientation learning apa yang paling cocok pada kasus di atas 6. Apa yang dimaksud personal act to fulfill potential 7. Apa yang dimaksud zone of proximal development 8. Bagaimana menerapkan piaget theory dalam keperawatan 9. Dalam psikoanalisa klien Waria mengalamai gangguan fase mana 10. Bagaimana menerapkan teori erickson dalam keperawatan