TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON

WCDMA
Presented By:Siddhartha Panda
Regn.no- 0601289070 Branch - ETC (A1) 7th Semester

CONTENTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

7.
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Introduction History Duplexing Multiple Access Techniques Spread Spectrum Techniques Frequency Reuse WCDMA Coding & Decoding WCDMA Features WCDMA Technology WCDMA Applications WCDMA / UMTS Providers Conclusion References

INTRODUCTION

WCDMA stands for Wide Band Code Multiple Access.

Division

W-CDMA is a Third-Generation(3G) mobile wireless technology that promises much higher data speeds to mobile and portable wireless devices than commonly offered in today's market. It is specified by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). It is the key technology for UMTS.

HISTORY

QUALCOMM , the first company to succeed in developing a practical and cost effective CDMA implementation for consumer cell phones. The world's first commercial W-CDMA service was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan.

DUPLEXING

It means to allow the Subscriber to send simultaneously information to the base station while receiving information from the base station. It is of two types. (a) TDD (b) FDD In FDD , (1) Forward Band :- Traffic from base station to mobile (2) Reverse Band :- Traffic from mobile to base station

DUPLEXING(cont)

A device called DUPLEXER is used. The frequency separation between each forward & reverse channel is constant through out the system.

In TDD , Time is used to provide both a forward & reverse link. Each duplex channel has forward & reverse time slots. Duplexer is not required. It is effective when all the users are stationary.

MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES

These are used to allow many mobile users to share a finite amount of radio spectrum simultaneously. The sharing of spectrum is required to achieve high capacity by simultaneously allocating the available bandwidth (or) available amount of channels to multiple users. Multiple access techniques are of three types. FDMA TDMA CDMA

1) 2) 3)

MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES(cont)

In FDMA, It assigns individual channels to individual users. Each user is allocated a unique frequency band. In TDMA, It divides radio spectrum into time slots and in each slot only one user is allowed to either transmit or receive. In CDMA, It allows numerous signals to occupy a single Transmission channel, optimizing the use of available bandwidth. It employs analog-to-digital conversion & Spread Spectrum Technology. Each user has a unique code word. Unlike TDMA or FDMA CDMA has a soft capacity limit. N=1 + {(W / R) / (E / N)} - (n/S)

MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES(cont)

SPREAD SPECTRUM TECHNIQUE-I

A kind of modulation system in which the modulated signal bandwidth is much greater than the message signal bandwidth. The spectral spreading is performed by a code that is independent of the message signal. Codes are fully orthogonal. It is of two types . 1) DS-SS 2) FH-SS

SPREAD SPECTRUM TECHNIQUE-II

In DS-SS, it spreads the base band data by directly multiplying the base band data pulses with a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence. In FH-SS, frequency hopping means periodic change of transmission frequency. A frequency hopping signal may be regarded as a sequence of modulated data with time varying pseudo random carrier frequencies.

The DS-Multiple Access is known as CDMA.

SPREAD SPECTRUM TECHNIQUE-III

The basic unit of a code sequence is one chip. The rate of spreading code is denominated as chip rate Rc (chip/s). SF = Rc / Rb B=SF * W The bandwidth increases with spreading. Better the spreading , lower the Power , Interference decreases.

SPREAD SPECTRUM TECHNIQUE-IV

FREQUENCY REUSE

Initial Pattern

Pattern After Freq. Reuse Here, Reuse Factor , K=7

* Capacity Per Cell = Bandwidth Per Channel / Reuse Factor

WCDMA CODING

TURBO ENCODER

WCDMA DECODING

ITERATIVE MAP DECODER

WCDMA FEATURES

Duplexing Method : FDD / TDD Channel Separation : 5MHz Frame Length : 10 ms , Each Frame has 15 time slots of 0.666 ms each High chip rate (3.84 Mcps) and data rate (up to 2 Mbps) Simultaneous voice & data operation Frequency Reuse Factor = 1 Enhanced security Base Station Synchronization : Asynchronous Operation Multimedia support Soft Inter system handovers. Supports advanced technologies like Multi User Detection

WCDMA TECHNOLOGY

Asynchronous network operation Cell search Soft handover Compressed mode OVSF codes Data rate indication Speech codec High-speed packet data Broadcast and multicast services

WCDMA APPLICATIONS
For

the consumer

Video streaming, TV broadcast

Video calls, video clips news, music, sports

Enhanced gaming, chat, location services

For

business

High speed teleworking Sales force automation Video conferencing Real time financial information

WCDMA / UMTS PROVIDERS

JAPAN : NTT DoCoMo Vodafone KK Australia : 3 Hutchinson Hongkong : 3 Hutchinson

CONCLUSION

WCDMA has many advantages like much higher B.W (5 MHz),high chip rate(3.84Mcps),high data rate(up to 2 Mbps),enhanced security and so on Thus it is the growing technology for future mobile generations.

REFERENCES
T.S.Rappaport Wireless Communications Forouzan Data Communication And Networking http://www.google.com http://www.google.com/wikipedia