SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

What is Network Management?

Basic tasks that fall under this category are:

Configuration Management
Keeping track of device settings and how they function

Fault Management
Dealing with problems and emergencies in the network (router stops routing, server loses power, etc.)

Performance Management
How smoothly is the network running? Can it handle the workload it currently has?

Network Management must be

The management interface must be...
STANDARDIZED EXTENDABLE PORTABLE
The management mechanism must be -INEXPENSIVE - IMPLEMENTED AS SOFTWARE

Functional Areas of Network Management

Configuration Management - inventory, configuration, provisioning

Fault Management - reactive and proactive network fault management

Performance Management - # of packets dropped, timeouts,
collisions, CRC errors

Security Management - SNMP doesnt provide much here

Accounting Management - cost management and chargeback

assessment personnel

Asset Management - statistics of equipment, facility, and administration

Planning Management - analysis of trends to help justify a network

upgrade or bandwidth increase

SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol is an application layer protocol that facilitates the exchange of management information between network devices Fundamental operation like: monitoring and maintaining purposes. This uses the concept of agent and manager. Application-layer protocol for managing TCP/IP based networks.

 MANAGER- HOST
This hosts controls and monitors a set of agents, usually routers. SNMP is an application level protocol in which a few manager stations control a set of agents. Manager runs SNMP client program AGENT(router)-runs the SNMP server program. MGMT achieved through communication between manager and agent. Why application level protocol?
It can monitor devices made by different manufacturers installed on different physical networks.

SNMP & OSI model

7 Application Layer Management and Agent APIs SNMP 6 Presentation Layer ASN.1 and BER 5 Session Layer RPC and NetBIOS 4 Transport Layer TCP and UDP 3 Network Layer IP and IPX 2 Data Link Layer Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI 1 Physical Layer

Ports & UDP

SNMP uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as the transport mechanism for SNMP messages.

Ethernet Frame

IP Packet
UDP Datagram

Like FTP, SNMP uses two well-known ports to operate.

UDP Port 161 - SNMP Messages UDP Port 162 - SNMP Trap Messages

The Three Parts of SNMP

SNMP network management is based on three parts

SNMP Protocol 1.Defines format of messages exchanged by management systems and agents. 2. Specifies the Get, GetNext, Set, and Trap operations

Structure of Management Information (SMI)

Rules to define objects managed on the network that the SNMP protocol accesses.

To name objects. To define the type of data that can be stored in an object. To show how to encode data for transmission over the network.

Management Information Base (MIB)

-A map of the hierarchical order of all managed objects and how they are accessed. -MIB creates a collection of named objects their types and their relationships to each other in an entity to be managed.

Four Basic Operations

Get
Retrieves the value of a MIB variable stored on the agent machine (integer, string, or address of another MIB variable)

GetNext
Retrieves the next value of the next lexical MIB variable

Set

Changes the value of a MIB variable

Trap

A notification sent by an agent to a management application (typically a notification of

something unexpected, like an error)

Language of SNMP
Structure of Management Information (SMI)
specifies the format used for defining managed objects that are accessed via the SNMP protocol

Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)

used to define the format of SNMP messages and managed objects (MIB modules) using an unambiguous data description format

Basic Encoding Rules (BER)

used to encode the SNMP messages into a format suitable for transmission across a network

Advantages of using SNMP

Standardized universally supported extendible portable allows distributed management access lightweight protocol

QUERIES?

THANK YOU. presented by, S.V.VIGNESH