Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME.

EM

NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGIES/ RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

General overview

GLOBAL DRIVERS
Environmental forces of change has fueled the demand for alternative energy sources for the new economy.
Examples: high energy costs, globalization, climate change issues, labor factors, competitive factors, emerging technologies, socio-economic factors, geo-political factors, global financial meltdown, new government regulations, federal stimulus funds, and new business best practices.

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

ANY REASON
FOR BEING WORRIED??
Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

Last time CO2 >300 ppm was 25 million years ago.

John P. Holdren, 2006

ANY OTHER ?? MAYBE THIS IS CLOSER TO US

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

ENGINEERS OF COURSE !!!

BUT

Not only an engineering progress is going to save the day not even only engineers
Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

Its necessary to reach goals merging Energy Efficiency and Engineering Improvements on renewable resources field.

Its necessary to setting up goals ( Government as we as their electors ) Its necessary to commit with every day rational use of energy actions (us)

WORLD MARKETED ENERGY USE BY FUEL TYPE 1980-2030

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

US Department of Energy; Energy Information Administration (2007)

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

WHERE IS INDIAS ENERGY COMING FROM

Indias Energy Consumption 2005

Waste Energy Biomass

Coal

Petroleum

US ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

DOE Energy Information Administration (2007)

ACQUIRING AWARENESS
A reduction in EU greenhouse gas emissions of at least 20% below 1990 levels 20% of EU energy consumption to come from renewable resources A 20% reduction in primary energy use compared with projected levels, to be achieved by improving energy efficiency.

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

POTENTIAL ENERGY SAVING RESOURCES

If the world's energy habits and policies do not change, the emissions from fossilfuel-fired power plants are expected to increase from 11.4 Gt of CO2 in 2006 to 18 Gt in 2030 (45% of the total).
CCS=carbon capture and storage
https://careers.slb.com/whoweare/news/climatechange.aspx

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

THE DTI LIST OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES

Wind, Wave and Hydro Power

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

Photovoltaics

Active Solar Heating

Municipal and General Wastes Geothermal

Landfill Gas

Agricultural and Forestry Wastes

Energy Crops

Fuel Cells

COST OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

40 COE cents/kWh 100 COE cents/kWh 80 60 40 10 40

PV

30
20 10 0

30 Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM 20

20
0 1980 0 1990 2000 2010 2020

10 COE cents/kWh 8 6 4 2 0 1980 1990

70 Geothermal 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2000 2010 2020 1980 COE cents/kWh

COE cents/kWh

Solar thermal

15 12 9 6 3 0 1980 1990 2000

Biomass

1990

2000

2010

2020

2010

2020

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

LETS DO ANALIZE THIS .

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

Are renewables the answer?

Unfortunately fossil fuels have excellent energy characteristics but
Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

Wind/ geothermal are among the cheapest of renewables. There is potential for significant growth but they can not solve our energy problem. Solar energy has the potential to provide all our energy needs. Currently expensive; it is intermittent. Currently no clear options for large scale energy storage

Biomass has the potential to provide part of transportation energy needs

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

Cellulosic biofuels and algaes are interesting but they have not demonstrated large scale/long term potential. One has to consider the full ecosystem impact (water, food, etc.).

Jorge Enrique Velandia Vargas . ME. EM

Thank you