Comparison of Value Hardness of Steel Material, Aluminium, and Brass with Brinell Method

Defenition

Methodology

Result

Analysis

Conclusion

References

What is hardness Test ?

Hardness is resistance of metal to plastic deformation, usually by indentation. However, the term may also refer to stiffness or temper or to resistance to scratching, abrasion, or cutting
Hardness Test is testing of material to get value hardness.

Why Use a Hardness Test?

Easy to perform Quick - 1 to 30 seconds Relatively inexpensive Finished parts can be tested - but not ruined Virtually any size and shape can be tested Practical QC device - incoming, outgoing Used for metallic material

HARDNESS MEASUREMENT METHOD

1.

Scratch hardness: Resistance to fracture or plastic (permanent) deformation due to friction from a sharp object Rebound hardness: Height of the bounce of an object dropped on the material, related to elasticity.

2.

3.

Indentation hardness: Resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation due to a constant load from a sharp object
a. Brinell b. Vickers c. Rockwell

Brinell Test Method

Tool Scema

Where: P = applied force (kgf) D = diameter of indenter (mm) d = diameter of indentation (mm)

Because of the wide test force and Indenter diameter range the Brinell test can be used on almost any metallic material.

The test procedure is as follows :

The indenter is pressed into the sample by an accurately controlled test force. The force is maintained for a specific dwell time, normally 10 - 15 seconds. After the dwell time is complete, the indenter is removed leaving a round indent in the sample. The size of the indent is determined optically by measuring two diagonals of the round indent using either a portable microscope or one that is integrated with the load application device. The Brinell hardness number is a function of the test force divided by the curved surface area of the indent. The indentation is considered to be spherical with a radius equal to half the diameter of the ball. The average of the two diagonals is used in the following formula to calculate the Brinell hardness.

Data
Material No. Massa (Kg) D (mm) d (mm)

4,3
2000 8,5 4,3 4,45 4,45

Brass

2 3 4 5 1

4,3
4,5 2000 8,5 4,5 5,25
2 3 4 5 1

Aluminium

5,3
5,75 3,45 2000 8,5 3,4

Steel

2 3 4 5

3,4
3,4 3,4

Calculation
Diketahui : P = 2000 kgf D = 8,5 mm d = 4,3 mm Solution :
Brass Point 1, 2, & 5

Result
D Material Steel No 1 (mm) d (mm) 3,45 BHN (kg/mm) 204,74

Grafik Point Vs d

2
3 4 5 Average Aluminium 1 2 3 4 5 Average Brass 1 2 3 4 5 8,5 8,5 8,5

3,4
3,4 3,4 3,4 3,41 4,5 4,5 5,25 5,3 5,75 5,06 4,3 4,3 4,45 4,45 4,3

214
214 214 214 212,148 116,21 116,21 82,52 80,76 66,87 92,514 128,26 128,26 119,08 119,08 128,26
Point

Grafik Material Vs BHN

Analysis
From Hardness test use method of brinell got hardness value : 1. Steel = 212,148 BHN 2. Aluminium = 92,514 BHN 3. Brass = 124,588 BHN
Hard Test is mechanical test with aim to get hardness value a material. And from result of got attempt that value hardness of steel bigger than at stronger brass and brass than aluminium . Stell > Brass > Aluminium

Conclusion
Brinell Method is one of the hardness test. Hardness value from each point same. Of got attempt, highest hardness value is Steel and lowest is Aluminium The Brinell test can be used on almost any metallic material.

References
Callister,W.D,Material Science & Engineering An Intoduction,Jhon Willey & Sons,1991. 2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brinell_hardness_te st 3. http://www.scribd.com/doc/18004150/Hardness -Report?autodown=pdf
1.

Thank You