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Intersection of Solids

Intersection of Solids

INTERPENETRATION OF SOLIDS

WHEN ONE SOLID PENETRATES ANOTHER SOLID THEN THEIR SURFACES INTERSECT AND AT THE JUNCTION OF INTERSECTION A TYPICAL CURVE IS FORMED, WHICH REMAINS COMMON TO BOTH SOLIDS. THIS CURVE IS CALLED CURVE OF INTERSECTION or INTERPENETRSATION(COI ) AND IT IS A RESULT OF INTERPENETRATION OF SOLIDS.

PURPOSE OF INTERSECTION OF SOLIDS:Solids in real world are obtained by a combination of two or more basic solids.

The intersection of solid plays an important role in designing and manufacturing of objects, especially the sheet metal objects.

Minimum Surface Contact. ( Point Contact)

(Maximum Surface Contact)


Lines of Intersections. Curves of Intersections.

Square Pipes.

Circular Pipes.

Square Pipes.

Circular Pipes.

SOME ACTUAL OBJECTS ARE SHOWN, SHOWING CURVES OF INTERSECTIONS. BY WHITE ARROWS.

A machine component having two intersecting cylindrical surfaces with the axis at acute angle to each other.

An Industrial Dust collector. Intersection of two cylinders.

Intersection of a Cylindrica main and Branch Pipe.

A Feeding Hopper In industry.

Forged End of a Connecting Rod.

Two Cylindrical surfaces.

Pump lid having shape of a hexagonal Prism and Hemi-sphere intersecting each other.

Two solids may intersect in different ways. The axis of solid may be parallel, inclined or perpendicular to each other. Their axis may be Intersecting or offset or coinciding. The intersecting solids could be To draw the COI, the first step is to draw two combination of any types of solids of three views of the intersecting solids as per (covered in projection of solid). condition. Then locate the line of intersection COI may be a smooth curve or a segmental-line curve, depending on the type of the intersecting curve. If both of the intersecting surfaces are falt, COI will be segmented-line curve. If one of the intersecting surface is flat and other is curved, COI will be smooth curve. If both of the intersecting surfaces are curved, COI will be smooth curve. (LOI) between two edges or an edge and a surface of the two intersecting solids. All the LOI when joined gives COI. LOI could be straight or curved

Note: Incase cone is penetrating solid Side view is not necessary. Similarly in case of penetration from top it is not required.

Methods of Locating POI


1. Edge View Method
This approach is preferred when the intersection of two edges is clearly seen in one view, when all the lateral faces of one solid are seen as edge view i.e. suitable for intersection involving prisms and cylinders. In the case of cylinder and cones, a number of lines are drawn on the lateral surface in the region of intersection.

2. Cutting Plane Method.


In this approach, two intersection solids are assumed to be cut by a number of section planes. The section plane may be horizontal, vertical or inclined. Normally horizontal or vertical planes are preferred since they show the true shape of the section in another view. The POI between sections are located then transferred to other views. This approach is adopted when none of the intersecting solids shows the edge views of lateral faces i.e. pyramids, cones and spheres.

Problem: A sq.prism 30 mm base sides.and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by another square prism of 25 mm
sides.and 70 mm axis, horizontally. Both axes Intersects & bisect each other. All faces of prisms are equally inclined to Vp. Draw projections showing curves of intersections.

d' e1 '

c ', a'

b'

a
e' h1, h 8 4

db e1, e 5 1 6 2

5
6 8 2 4

f 1' h1'

f' h'

f1,f

SQ.PRISM STANDING & SQ.PRISM PENETRATING

g1'

7
d1 ' c1 ', a1' a a1 8 5 d1 7 6 2 d

3
b1'

g'
a1 h

7 3 g1, g d1,b1,

X
h1

4
b 1 3 b1

e1 g1 f1

e g f

c c1

Problem: A sq.prism 30 mm base sides and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by another square prism of 25 mm
sides and 70 mm axis, horizontally. Both axes Intersect & bisect each other.Two faces of penetrating prism are 300 inclined to Hp. Draw projections showing curves of intersections. SQ.PRISM STANDING & SQ.PRISM PENETRATING (300 SKEW POSITION) 1 2 1 A 3 F
e b a f f

24

13

B
d

c 300

X
4

Problem:

A cylinder 50mm dia. and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by another of 40 mm dia. and 70 mm axis horizontally. Both axes intersect & bisect each other. Draw projections showing curves of intersections.

2 4

13

2 CYLINDER STANDING & CYLINDER PENETRATIN G

a
b h cg df

a
h b c d e Y

g f

a X
4

Problem: A cylinder 50mm dia. and 70mm axis is completely penetrated

by a square prism of 25 mm sides.and 70 mm axis, horizontally. Both axes Intersect & bisect each other. All faces of prism are equally inclined to Hp. Draw projections showing curves of intersections. 2 4 3 4 13 2 CYLINDER STANDING & SQ.PRISM PENETRATI NG

a d

b d c X
4

b d c

c Y

Problem: A cylinder 50 mm dia. and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by a triangular prism of 45 mm sides. and 70 mm
axis, horizontally. One flat face of prism is parallel to Vp and Contains axis of cylinder. Draw projections showing curves of intersections. CYLINDER STANDING & TRIANGULAR PRISM 1 a b c d e f 4 e f f b 24 3 a 4 1 3 a b c d 2

Problem: A cylinder of 80 mm diameter and 100 mm axis is completely penetrated by a cone of 80 mm diameter and 120
mm long axis horizontally. Both axes intersect & bisect each other. Draw projections showing curve of intersections.

7 6 8 1 5 CYLINDER STANDING & CONE PENETRATING

2 4

X
1 28

37

46 5

Problem: A vertical cone, base diameter 75 mm and axis 100 mm long, is completely penetrated by a cylinder of 45 mm
diameter. The axis of the cylinder is parallel to Hp and Vp and intersects axis of the cone at a point 28 mm above the base. Draw projections showing curves of intersection.

2
3 4 5

8,2 3 7, 64 5 7 6

2 3 4

CONE STANDING & CYLINDER PENETRATING

5
g gh ae bd c

a bh

cg

df

g
h

b c

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