TENSES: ACTIVE VOICE

Muhammad Fiji, Jackson, Harisul, Florensius S

Fakultas Teknik Teknik Kimia Universitas Sriwijaya 2012

Present continuous tense

Describes actions or situations in progress at the moment of speaking. Often used for activities or situations that are temporary rather than permanent. Tobe: Is/am/are

Forms
S + To be + Ving + O + adverb S + To be + not + Ving + O + adverb To be + S + Ving + O + adverb?

Examples

Amel is studying in the other room now. Amel is not studying in the other room now. Is Amel studying in the other room now? Adit is taking a heavy load of classes this semester. Adis is not taking a heavy load of classes this semester. Is Adit taking a heavy load of classes this semester?

Simple present tense

Often refers to actions or situations that do not change frequently Used to describe habits or routines. Also used to express opinions or to make general statement of fact.

Forms
S + V1 + O + Adverb S + (does not/do not) + V1 + O + Adverb (does/do) + S + V1 + O + Adverb S + is/am/are + noun/adj/adv S + is/am/are + not + noun/adj/adv Is/am/are + S + noun/adj/adv ?

Examples

Fact
Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA lives in Palembang Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA is a woman.

Routine
Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA usually works six days a week Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA is always busy on working days.

Opinion
Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA likes Palembang Prof Dr. Badia Perizade, MBA is strong.

Simple past tense

Describes actions or situations that began and ended in the past.

Forms

S + V2 + O + adv S + did not + V1 + O + adv Did + S + V1 + O + adv? S + was/were + noun/adj/adv S + was/were + noun + noun/adj/adv Was/were + S + noun/adj/adv ?

Examples

Sofendi, Ph.D bought a car in 1998. Sofendi, Ph.D did not buy a cari in 2008. Did Sofendi, Ph.D. buy a car in 1998? Mr. Yunus was in Leeds, England in 1994. Mr. Yunus was not in Leeds, England in 2008. Was Mr. Yunus in Leeds, England in 1994 ?

Past continuous tense

Describes actions in progress in the recent past or at a specific time in the past.

Forms

S + was/were + Ving + O + adv S + was/were + not + Ving + O + adv Was/were + S + Ving + O + adv?

Examples

Recent past
Oh!

You startled me! I was taking a little nap.

Specific time
Hilda

was doing her assignment when her father came last night.

When and while

My

mother was cooking in the kitchen while my father was reading Mrs. Erlina was talking to her daughter when the phone rang yesterday.

Present perfect tense

Describes an event that happened (did not happen) at an unknown time in the past.

Forms

S + has/have + V3 + O + adv S + has/have + not + V3 + O + adv Has/have + S + V3 + O + adv?

Examples

Mr. Governor, Ir. Alex Noerdin, has spoken english several times since he became a governor of South Sumatra province Mr. Governor, Ir. Alex Noerdin, has not spoken english several times since he became a governor of South Sumatra province Has Mr. Governor, Ir. Alex Noerdin, spoken english several times since he became a governor of South Sumatra province?

Simple future tense

Going to is often used to express specific future plans, or intentions. Going to used when we say what we think will happen. Will and be going to indicate inevitability but be going to is used more frequently than will.

Forms

S + will/shall + V1 + O + adv S + will/shall + not + V1 + O + adv Will/shall + S + V1 + O + adv? S + is/am/are + going to + V1 + O + adv S + is/am/are + not going to + V1 + O + adv Is/am/are + S + going to + V1 + O + adv

Examples

Amir: There is a movie television tonight. Are you going to watch it? Farel: No, Im too tired. Im going to make it an early night. Tukul: I hear Warti has won a lot of money. What is she going to do with it? Surip: Ive heard she is going to travel around the world. Rina: Look at those black clouds! It is going to rain.

Exercise Present continous tense

Rina is not learning Japanese because this is an English class. (-)

Rina

is learning Japanese because this is an English class. (+) Is Rina learning Japanese because this is an english class?

Novia is studying really hard for her exams this week. (+)
Novia is not studying really hard for her exams this week. (-) Is Novia studying really hard for her exams this week?

Guests are coming to Mr. Slamet Abdullahs party right now. (+)

Guests are not coming to Mr. Slamet Abdullahs party right now. (-) Are guests coming to Mr. Slamet Abdullahs party right now. (?)

Are students doing anything this semester? (?)

Students are doing anything this semester. (+) Students are not doing anything this semester(-)

Law students are not studying to become a dentist at Unsri. (-)

Law students are studying to become a dentist at Unsri. (+) Are law students studying to become a dentist at Unsri? (?)

Exercise - Simple present tense

1.

2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Usually sits, is sitting 8. Is travelling Washes Am trying 9. Do you always lock 10. Is raining Is not going, attends, usually has

Is looking, is writing, is biting, is scratching, is chatting Is, are, are visiting Is reading

Exercise - Simple past tense

Rudi did not come to our class last week (-)

Rudi

did come to our class last week (+) Did rudi come to our class last week?(?)

Miss Helen ate tomatoes yesterday(+)

Miss

Helen did not eat tomatoes yesterday(-) Did miss Helen eat tomatoes yesterday?(?)

Reno was brave three years ago (+)

Reno

was not brave three years ago (-) Was Reno brave three years ago (?)

Did Siska visit her grandmother in lubuk linggau last semester(?)

Siska

visited her grandmother in lubuk linggau last semester(+) Siska didnt visit her grandmother in lubuk linggau last semester(-)

Tika and Mona went to school yesterday morning(+) Tika and Mona didnt go to school yesterday morning(-) Did Tika and Mona go to school yesterday morning(?)

Exercise Past continuous tense

1.

2.
3. 4.

5.
6.

7.
8.

Was eating 9. Ate 10. Came, was eating 11. Was sleeping 12. Was sleeping, rang 13. Leaved, was walking, saw 14. Was eating, knocked 15. came, was studying, came

Came, while doing Was doing, cooked Was walking Was studying, watched Were you doing Was writing, phoned were

Exercise Present perfect tense

1.

2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Have not attended Went Arrived Was Never see Saw Have had Has gave

9.

10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Have not had Already took, took Have sang, sang Has won Has ran Has ate went

Exercise Simple future tense

1.

2.
3.

4.

5.

Is going to Get, will call Watch, am going to write Am going to wait, comes Stop, am going to walk

6.

7. 8. 9.

10.

Will come, comes, will go Comes, will get Ask, will serve Am going to fill, will mail Am going to visit

Exercise
1.

2.

3.
4. 5. 6.

Was watching Was doing, washed Went Are playing Was, came Is raining

7.

8.
9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Didnt get Was Has talked Met Speaks Is coming Is sleeping Takes

15.

16.
17.

18. 19. 20.

Dont like Sees Just came back Sits, sits Bought Was taking

Questions ?

Thank you.