CHAPTER 2 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

DURATION: 3 WEEKS (6 HOURS LECTURE, 9 HOURS PRACTICAL)

CONTENTS
1. Principles of air conditioning

2. Types of air conditioning system

3. Principles of heat recycling system 4. Characteristic of refrigerant materials 5. Air distribution and filtration 6. Maintenance System

Principles
Refer to any form of cooling, heating, ventilation

or disinfection that modifies the condition of air. The common use of air conditioning is to mean cooling and often dehumidification of indoor air An air conditioner (AC or A/C) is an appliance, system or mechanism designed to extract heat from an area using refrigeration cycle.

Principles (Contd)
The uses of modern AC are for comfort cooling in

buildings and transportation vehicles. ASHRAE STANDARD define the principle of AC as:

.the treatment of air in enclosed space to control and to maintain temperature, heat and pressure together.

Principles (Contd)
Air conditioning is the treatment of the

air to:
1. Control temperature 2. Control humidity 3. Provide ventilation or air movement 4. Clean the air

Type of AC systems
Individual Room AC System

Package AC System
Central AC System

Type of AC systems
Individual Room AC System A single, self contained, packaged room AC Fixed at a window or through an opening of a wall Window unit or through the wall unit Operating (on/off), temperature settings could be

controlled by the occupant.

Individual Room AC System

A single, self contained, packaged room AC
Fixed at a window or through an opening of a wall Window unit or through the wall unit Operating (on/off), temperature settings could be

controlled by the occupant.

Individual Room AC System (Contd)

Overtime work at night of one room requiring AC

for a multi-rooms office. Supply fan, cooling coil, air filter, compressor, condenser, restrictor, temperature control device. Unit of cooling capacity usually in kW or Btu/hr.

Example of Individual Room AC

Unitary Package AC System

Single, self contained package unit or split

systems. Fan, filter, DX-coil, compressor, condenser and other accessories. Split AC system: Indoor unit with fan, filter and DX-Coils and the outdoor condensing unit. It is a central system in nature with central duct and heat rejection system.

Unitary Package AC System (Contd)

Rooftop unit: 3 to 220 tons with heat pump for

perimeter heating A supply air duct with diffuser and DX-coil for cooling

Example of Package Unit AC

Central AC System
Air is cooled by coils filled with chilled and hot

water Large area with many zones of conditioned space. Water specific heat capacity is much larger than air Complicated and expensive equipment => not for small and medium project.

Central AC System (Contd)

Normally for shopping complexes, hotels, high

rise building, big factory and etc Consist air system, water system, heating and cooling plant, control system.

Example of Central Unit AC