THREE-PHASE HALF-WAVE CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS

INTRODUCTION

Average output voltage can be varied by controlling the triggering input to the SCR gates in suitable manner. The three gate pulses are displayed by 120 relative to each other, giving same delay angle to each SCR. Each SCR conducts for 120 after triggering and remain off for 240.

With a Resistive Load

Firing angle is measured from the intersection of corresponding phase voltages and not the zero crossings of the voltage waves.

When is varied, the segments of phase voltage that fabricate the load voltage change, providing a control over the average value. Negative output of load voltage are possible, depending upon the nature of load.

CONTINOUS & DISCONTINOUS CONDUCTION IN THREE-PHASE CONTROLLED RECTIFIER

For resistive load 0<=<=30, output voltage is continuous. 30<=<=120, output voltage is discontinuous and has some intervals in which output voltage is zero. >150, output is zero.

OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO UNDER DIFFERENT LOAD CONDITIONS

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SUMMARY OF 3 PHASE CONTROLLED HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER OPERATION

For Resistive Load :

Trigger angle, = 0
Period 30 - 150 150 - 270 270 - 390 ON Switch SCR1 SCR2 SCR3 OFF Switch SCR2 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR2 Vo VAN VBN VCN Switch Voltages VSCR1 VSCR2 VSCR3 0 VBA VCA VAB VAC 0 VBC VCB 0

SUMMARY OF 3 PHASE CONTROLLED HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER OPERATION

For Resistive Load : Trigger angle, = 30
Period
60 - 180 180 - 300 300 - 420

ON Switch
SCR1 SCR2 SCR3

OFF Switch
SCR2 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR2

Vo
VAN VBN VCN

Switch Voltages VSCR1 VSCR2 VSCR3 0 VBA VCA

VAB VAC 0 VBC VCB 0

Trigger angle, = 60
Period 90 - 180 210 - 300 ON Switch SCR1 SCR2 OFF Switch SCR2 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR3 Vo VAN VBN Switch Voltages VSCR1 VSCR2 VSCR3 0 VBA VCA VAB 0 VCB
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330 - 420

SCR3

SCR1 & SCR2

VCN

VAC

VBC

THREE PHASE HALF-WAVE CONTROLLED RECTIFIER WITH RESISTIVE LOAD

= 0 = 30 = 60

30

60

90

120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600

CONTINOUS & DISCONTINOUS CONDUCTION IN THREE-PHASE CONTROLLED RECTIFIER

For Inductive load

There is no discontinuous conduction mode for threephase controlled rectifier if L>>R. But if L approx R or firing angle is very large, discontinuities can be seen in output. Output voltage can become zero in certain intervals (those intervals in which inductor has quickly dissipated its energy and firing angle hasnt reached)
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SUMMARY OF 3 PHASE CONTROLLED HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER OPERATION

For Inductive Load : The effect of negative load voltage (from the inductance) appears during all switches in OFF condition. This effect can only be seen at > 30. Trigger angle, = 30
Period 60 - 180 180 - 300 300 - 420 ON Switch SCR1 SCR2 SCR3 OFF Switch SCR2 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR2 Vo VAN VBN VCN Switch Voltages VSCR1 VSCR2 VSCR3 0 VBA VCA VAB VAC 0 VBC VCB 0

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SUMMARY OF 3 PHASE CONTROLLED HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER OPERATION

For Inductive Load : Trigger angle, = 60
Period 90 - 180 210 - 300 330 - 420 ON Switch SCR1 SCR2 SCR3 OFF Switch SCR2 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR3 SCR1 & SCR2 Vo VAN VBN VCN Switch Voltages VSCR1 VSCR2 VSCR3 0 VBA VCA VAB VAC 0 VBC VCB 0

Period 180- 210 300- 330 420- 450

OFF Switch

SCR1 , SCR2 & SCR3

Vo (due to inductance effect) -VAN -VBN -VCN

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THREE PHASE HALF-WAVE CONTROLLED RECTIFIER WITH INDUCTIVE LOAD

= 0 = 30 = 60

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0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600

THREE PHASE HALF-WAVE CONTROLLED RECTIFIER WITH INDUCTIVE LOAD AND FREE-WHEELING DIODE

14

30

60

90

120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600